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91.
Inga Ebermann Jennifer B. Phillips Max C. Liebau Robert K. Koenekoop Bernhard Schermer Irma Lopez Ellen Sch?fer Anne-Francoise Roux Claudia Dafinger Antje Bernd Eberhart Zrenner Mireille Claustres Bernardo Blanco Gudrun Nürnberg Peter Nürnberg Rebecca Ruland Monte Westerfield Thomas Benzing Hanno J. Bolz 《The Journal of clinical investigation》2010,120(6):1812-1823
Usher syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous recessive disease characterized by hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). It frequently presents with unexplained, often intrafamilial, variability of the visual phenotype. Although 9 genes have been linked with Usher syndrome, many patients do not have mutations in any of these genes, suggesting that there are still unidentified genes involved in the syndrome. Here, we have determined that mutations in PDZ domain–containing 7 (PDZD7), which encodes a homolog of proteins mutated in Usher syndrome subtype 1C (USH1C) and USH2D, contribute to Usher syndrome. Mutations in PDZD7 were identified only in patients with mutations in other known Usher genes. In a set of sisters, each with a homozygous mutation in USH2A, a frame-shift mutation in PDZD7 was present in the sister with more severe RP and earlier disease onset. Further, heterozygous PDZD7 mutations were present in patients with truncating mutations in USH2A, G protein–coupled receptor 98 (GPR98; also known as USH2C), and an unidentified locus. We validated the human genotypes using zebrafish, and our findings were consistent with digenic inheritance of PDZD7 and GPR98, and with PDZD7 as a retinal disease modifier in patients with USH2A. Pdzd7 knockdown produced an Usher-like phenotype in zebrafish, exacerbated retinal cell death in combination with ush2a or gpr98, and reduced Gpr98 localization in the region of the photoreceptor connecting cilium. Our data challenge the view of Usher syndrome as a traditional Mendelian disorder and support the reclassification of Usher syndrome as an oligogenic disease. 相似文献
92.
Israel Castillo-Juárez Violeta González Héctor Jaime-Aguilar Gisela Martínez Edelmira Linares Robert Bye Irma Romero 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2009
Aim of the study
Helicobacter pylori is the major etiological agent of chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and is linked to gastric carcinoma. Treatment to eradicate the bacteria failed in many cases, mainly due to antibiotic resistance, hence the necessity of developing better therapeutic regimens. Mexico has an enormous unexplored potential of medicinal plants. This work evaluates the in vitro anti-H. pylori activity of 53 plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders.Materials and methods
To test the in vitro antibacterial activity, agar dilution and broth dilution methods were used for aqueous and methanolic extracts, respectively.Results
Aqueous extracts of Artemisia ludoviciana subsp. mexicana, Cuphea aequipetala, Ludwigia repens,and Mentha × piperita (MIC 125 to <250 μg/ml) as well as methanolic extracts of Persea americana, Annona cherimola, Guaiacum coulteri, and Moussonia deppeana (MIC <7.5 to 15.6 μg/ml) showed the highest inhibitory effect.Conclusions
The results contribute to understanding the mode of action of the studied medicinal plants and for detecting plants with high anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. 相似文献93.
94.
Leonard A. Jason Max Abbott James Dalton Terris Gilius Steven Heyman Pierre L. J. Ritchie David Thomas Herbert Wong John N. Moritsugu Jeffrey Anderson Donald Davis Janet Gillespie Stevan Hobfoll Irma Serrano-Garcia Gunduz Vassaf Judith Albino Linda Cameron Joseph Durlak Leonard Haas Christopher Keys Bruce Tefft Roger Weissberg Judith Zarit 《Journal of community psychology》1985,13(1):83-89
Over the past few years, a network of regional coordinators has promoted a variety of community psychology activities in the United States and other countries, creating a base of social support for community psychologists in academic and field settings. This paper describes key organizing principles for creating viable support networks such as this one and presents specific examples of their use by the regional coordinators. The grassroots efforts of regional coordinators in stimulating social support, educational opportunities, resource exchanges, and a variety of other activities represent one of the more crucial and important functions undertaken by community psychologists and their organizations. 相似文献
95.
Miriam Shteinshnaider Dorit Almoznino-Sarafian Irma Tzur Sylvia Berman Natan Cohen Oleg Gorelik 《European Journal of Internal Medicine》2010,21(3):226-229
BackgroundWestergren method, commonly used for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) determination, is simple and inexpensive. However, the 60 min required for the test are disadvantageous, especially for those departments/facilities where prompt evaluation is necessary. We investigated the possibility that earlier ESR recordings might correlate with standard 60-minute ESR and/or be predictive of the latter.MethodsDemographic and clinical data were collected from 220 randomly chosen adult patients hospitalised for various diseases in a medical department. ESR, determined by slightly modified Westergren method, was recorded at 15, 30 and 60 min. Correlation coefficients (r) between the standard and early ESR measurements were calculated for the entire group and for the separate subgroups divided according to patient age, sex and presence of anaemia or of inflammation.ResultsMean ± SD age of the patients was 61.3 ± 19.6, 55% were males; 45% had some inflammatory condition. Mean ± SD ESR values (mm) at 15, 30 and 60 min were 9.0 ± 12.1, 21.4 ± 21.8 and 35.9 ± 27.5, respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between ESR measurements at 15 and 60 min (r = 0.833, p < 0.001). However, the strongest correlation was observed between 30 and 60 min measurements (r = 0.926, p < 0.001), irrespective of age, sex and presence of anaemia or of inflammation. Based on the ESR determination at 30 min (X), the predicted ESR value at 60 min (Y) could be calculated by a simple equation: Y = 10.7 + 1.2X.ConclusionSixty-minute ESR values can be predicted by the 30-minute estimation. Shortening the test by half an hour might bear practical importance. 相似文献
96.
Maria Irma Seixas Duarte Heitor Franco de Andrade Cleusa Fumica Hirata Takamura Antonio Sesso Felipe Francisco Tuon 《Parasitology research》2009,104(5):1129-1136
The liver involvement in the human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been related to parasitism and activated Kupffer cells
with further occasional fibrotic alterations, especially after long-term disease without treatment. However, fibrotic alterations
have been reported after therapy, whose clinical finding is the persistence of hepatomegaly. Fibrotic involvement of the liver
after therapy was never well understood, and the aim of this study was to evaluate this finding through ultrastructural and
morphometric analysis. A case–control study was performed with 20 patients (15 cases and five controls). Cases included patients
with persistent hepatomegaly (residual) after treatment of VL submitted to liver biopsy to exclude other causes of liver enlargement,
including serum tests of viral hepatitis. The material was evaluated by electron microcopy allowing ultrastructural with morphometric
analysis of medium portion of hepatic lobule. Narrow sinusoidal lumen and prominent Kupffer cells were found with insignificant
alterations of hepatocytes, pit, and endothelial cells. On ultrastructural analysis, the enlargement of the space of Disse
was due to fibrous collagen, increase of number of Ito cells, and nonfibrous extracellular matrix that were associated with
Kupffer cells enlargement. Immunohistochemistry showed an intense expression of TGF-beta in patients with VL. These findings
suggest a production of TGF-beta by Kupffer cells that resulted in the characteristic fibrotic involvement of the liver. Residual
hepatomegaly in visceral leishmaniasis could result from sustained Kupffer cell activation with perihepatocytic fibrosis.
The authors are not part of any associations or commercial relationships that might represent conflicts of interest in the
writing of this study (e.g., pharmaceutical stock ownership, consultancy, advisory board membership, relevant patents, or
research funding). This article has financial support by the FAPESP (Grants 96/5875-8) 相似文献
97.
Heather Sipsma Irma Eloff Jennifer Makin Michelle Finestone Liesel Ebersohn Maretha J. Visser 《AIDS care》2013,25(6):721-725
Adults with HIV are living longer due to earlier diagnosis and increased access to antiretroviral medications. Therefore, fewer young children are being orphaned and instead, are being cared for by parents who know they are HIV positive, although they may be asymptomatic. Presently, it is unclear whether the psychological functioning of these young children is likely to be affected or, alternatively, whether it is only when a mother is ill, that children suffer adverse effects. We, thus, aimed to compare the behavior and psychological functioning of young children (aged 6–10 years) of HIV-positive and HIV-negative mothers. We also aimed to examine the association between HIV status disclosure and child outcomes. This study uses cross-sectional data from the baseline assessment of a randomized controlled trial conducted in Tshwane, South Africa. Participants (n=509) and their children were recruited from area health clinics. Among the 395 mothers with HIV, 42% reported symptoms of HIV disease. Multivariate linear regression models suggested that after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, children of HIV-positive mothers had significantly greater externalizing behaviors than children of HIV-negative mothers. Importantly, children whose mothers were symptomatic had greater internalizing and externalizing behaviors compared with children of HIV-negative mothers, but this was not true for children of asymptomatic mothers. Additionally, among children of HIV-positive mothers, those who had been told their mothers were sick compared with children who had been told nothing had less internalizing and externalizing behaviors and improved daily living skills. This study, therefore, provides evidence that maternal HIV disease can affect the behaviors of young children in South Africa but, importantly, only when the mothers are symptomatic from their disease. Furthermore, results suggest that disclosure of maternal illness but not HIV status was associated with improved behavior and psychological functioning among young children. 相似文献
98.
Pekka Larivaara Anja Taanila Irma Huttunen Erkki Väisänen Irma Moilanen Jorma Kiuttu 《Journal of interprofessional care》2013,27(4):375-385
A group of clinicians, teachers and researchers in the University of Oulu have been worried for years about the predominantly biomedical orientation in the local Faculty of Medicine. Therefore, a project group was founded in 1992 to develop the medical degree programme towards a more comprehensive model. This article introduces the main strategies used in the process of change and describes the challenges encountered during the process. There are still many problems in the education of medical students towards a patient and family orientation and in the effort to change the whole medical culture of the university from a biomedical to a biopsychosocial approach. However, in the postgraduate education of general practitioners, we no longer prefer to teach only doctors, but education on the biopsychosocial model will also be arranged to the interdisciplinary teams working in the municipalities in the Province of Oulu in Finland. 相似文献
99.
V. Kilappa P. Moilanen L. Xu P. H. F. Nicholson J. Timonen S. Cheng 《Osteoporosis international》2011,22(4):1103-1113
Summary
Axial transmission velocity of a low-frequency first arriving signal (V LF) was assessed in the radius and tibia of 254 females, and compared to site-matched pQCT measurements. V LF best correlated with cortical BMD, but significantly also with subcortical BMD and cortical thickness. Correlations were strongest for the radius in postmenopausal females. 相似文献100.
Enedina Jiménez-Cardoso Leticia Eligio-García Adrián Cortés-Campos Andrés Flores-Luna Pedro Valencia-Mayoral Irma Lozada-Chávez 《Parasitology research》2009,105(1):25-33
Giardia intestinalis can develop resistance to albendazole, although the molecular mechanism is not understood. The aim of this study was to investigate
the differences and permanent mutation in the β-giardin gene of G. intestinalis strains: sensitive, resistant, or recovered-resistance to albendazole. The β-giardin gene was amplified by nested polymerase
chain reaction. The IC50 values varied from 0.29 to 0.38 μg/mL for strains sensitive to albendazole. For resistant strains, the IC50 range was 1.31–2.12 μg/mL. Recovered-sensitivity albendazole strains’ IC50 values were 0.33–0.49 μg/mL, and for strains with recovered-resistance, the IC50 was 1.42–2.74 μg/mL. β-giardin amplicon (720 bp) was sequenced and analysis sequence revealed several amino acid mutations
from resistant and recovered-sensitive strains of G. intestinalis. Most of the mutations were located in the ROD domain of β-giardin with a change from the sequence “TIARERA” in sensitive
strains instead “IDRPRE” in resistant strains. A comparative sequence analysis in resistant, recovered-sensitive, and resistant-recovered
strains revealed permanent mutation. This is the first report of combinatorial serine–proline–arginine repeats in the ROD
domain of β-giardin, whereas such repeats have been reported previously in the HEAD domain of SF-assemblin proteins. This
is the first time that the resistance to albendazole correlates with genetics but it is not necessarily caused by mutations
in the β-giardin gene of G. intestinalis. 相似文献