Reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament for patellar instability using a semitendinosus autograft

Between 1999 and 2001 thirty knees underwent a semitendinosus tendon plasty to recreate the medial patellofemoral ligament for recurrent patellar dislocation. The mean follow-up was 38 months. The mean improvement of the patellofemoral congruence angle after surgery was 14 +/- 7 degrees. All patients ended up with a full range of motion, except one patient, whose flexion was limited to 120 degrees due to superficial wound infections. Dislocation did not recur. According to the Larsen and Lauridsen outcome score the clinical results were excellent in 27 patients, good in 2 and fair in one. In conclusion this procedure is indicated for the chronic dislocation and cases of severe femoral dysplasia with marked laxity. The procedure assures the stabilisation of the patella, although it doesn't restore the patellofemoral congruence angle to normal values.     

Enhancement of the cell-killing effect of ultraviolet-C radiation by short-term exposure to a pulsed magnetic field

PURPOSE: To investigate whether low frequency pulsed magnetic field (PMF) exposures produce alterations in the cell killing induced by ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MCF-7 breast cancer cells of exponentially growing cultures were exposed to PMF (25 Hz, 0.75 mT) and UVC (from 6.6 J/m2 to 59.4 J/m2) in two different protocols: (a) cells were exposed to PMF for 30 min and then exposed to UVC at different doses; (b) cells were exposed to PMF for 30 min. After 15 min of the PMF exposure they were exposed simultaneously to PMF+different doses of UVC. After an additional time of 72 h of incubation, viability was measured by the neutral red stain cytotoxicity test. RESULTS: Both exposure protocols produced a significant decrease in the post UVC survival at 13.2 J/m2 and 19.8 J/m2, as compared to controls. The simultaneous exposition of PMF and UVC produced an additional increment in cell killing at 26.4 J/m2, being the greater effects obtained for this second exposure protocol. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the present study show that PMF in combination with UVC have the ability to augment the cell killing effects of UVC radiation. In addition, the effects appear to be greater when PMF and UVC are applied at the same time.     

Genetic polymorphisms at 13 STR loci in autochthonous Basques from the province of Alava (Spain)

In this study, allelic frequencies of the CODIS core short tandem repeat (STR) loci were estimated in a population sample consisting in 101 unrelated healthy autochthonous individuals from the Basque province of Alava (Northern Spain). Frequency distributions for all 13 STR loci were obtained using the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and AmpFlSTR COfiler amplification kits. The allelic frequencies generated were employed to calculate genetic and forensic useful parameters.     

The Boatman's knot: a single knot for renal-vein ligation during laparoscopic nephrectomy: description of technique and evaluation of feasibility and safety

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The endovascular stapler is the standard of care for renal-vein ligation during nephrectomy, but recently, some reports have addressed the need for lowering the costs in the operating room. The authors describe the first use of "boatman's knot" in renal-vein ligation during laparoscopic nephrectomy and tests of its safety and feasibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomies were performed in female pigs. On the right side, the renal vein was ligated with the boatman's knot, and on the left side, the vein was ligated with conventional intracorporeal technique. The knots were performed by the same surgeon at initial laparoscopic training. The time required to tie the knots was measured. After bilateral nephrectomy, a midline incision was created, and the bursting pressure of the knots was measured with a manometer by saline infusion into the vena cava. RESULTS: The average knot-completion time was 45 seconds (range 30-50 seconds), and the average time needed to carry out the conventional suture was 202.5 seconds (range 186-228 seconds). After renal-vein transection, there was complete hemostasis in all cases. The mean bursting pressure was 179.9 mm Hg (range 126-304 mm Hg). In five cases, the rupture site was in a lumbar vein previously sutured, while in three cases, the rupture happened in the vena cava itself. CONCLUSION: The boatman's knot is feasible, safe, easy to learn, and faster than conventional intracorporeal suturing. This technique may replace the endovascular stapler. However, its clinical applicability remains to be determined.     

A technical note on percutaneous scaphoid fixation using a hybrid technique

This article describes a percutaneous fixation technique for a midwaist scaphoid fracture using an antegrade (dorsal) guidewire and a retrograde (volar) cannulated screw placement. This simplified hybrid technique allows for accurate dorsal central wire placement and stable internal fixation with minimal violation of the articular cartilage of the proximal pole of the scaphoid.