Hospitalization Rates for Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Asian-American Subgroups: Have We Been Underestimating the Problem?

Concerns about the quality of race/ethnicity data collected by hospitals have limited our understanding of healthcare disparities affecting ethnic minorities in the United States. Using data from the New Jersey State Inpatient Databases and the American Community Survey, we calculated age-adjusted AMI hospitalization rates for Asian-American subgroups before (2005–2006) and after (2008–2009) New Jersey hospitals implemented standardized practices to collect more accurate granular race/ethnicity data from patients. Rates were reported per 100,000 persons for Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese subgroups. AMI hospitalization rates increased for all subgroups except Vietnamese following implementation of the New Jersey program; increases were statistically significant for Asian Indian, Chinese, and Korean subgroups. Rates of hospitalization for AMI increased significantly for multiple Asian-American subgroups following implementation of the New Jersey program. National population health metrics for Asian-American subgroups may be prone to significant underestimation without widespread utilization of similar practices.     

Trading networks

In this paper, we analyse the time series of 12,000+ networks of traders in the E‐mini S&P 500 stock index futures contract and we empirically link network variables with financial variables more commonly used to describe market conditions. We show that network variables lead trading volume, intertrade duration, effective spreads, trade imbalances and other market liquidity measures. Network variables reflect information, information asymmetry and market liquidity and significantly presage future market conditions prior to volume or liquidity measures. We also find two‐way Granger‐causality between network variables and both returns and volatility, highlighting strong feedback between market conditions and trading behaviour.