全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1540篇 |
免费 | 129篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 31篇 |
儿科学 | 75篇 |
妇产科学 | 20篇 |
基础医学 | 162篇 |
口腔科学 | 51篇 |
临床医学 | 264篇 |
内科学 | 264篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20篇 |
神经病学 | 144篇 |
特种医学 | 183篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 201篇 |
综合类 | 51篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 60篇 |
眼科学 | 50篇 |
药学 | 57篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 53篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 11篇 |
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 19篇 |
2016年 | 24篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 12篇 |
2013年 | 74篇 |
2012年 | 46篇 |
2011年 | 61篇 |
2010年 | 42篇 |
2009年 | 44篇 |
2008年 | 46篇 |
2007年 | 58篇 |
2006年 | 45篇 |
2005年 | 49篇 |
2004年 | 41篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 45篇 |
2001年 | 29篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 32篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 38篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 33篇 |
1992年 | 44篇 |
1991年 | 41篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 48篇 |
1988年 | 61篇 |
1987年 | 49篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 40篇 |
1984年 | 29篇 |
1983年 | 35篇 |
1981年 | 30篇 |
1980年 | 18篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 19篇 |
1975年 | 21篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1972年 | 16篇 |
1971年 | 14篇 |
1970年 | 13篇 |
1969年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有1690条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
61.
62.
In the past 30 years, four federal government commissions have reported on the relationship between television violence and aggressive behavior. The latest report concluded categorically that there is a causal relationship between television violence and aggressive behavior. Two infants were seen at an emergency room as a direct consequence of their socially isolated single mothers seeing a particular made-for-television movie. In one case, the infant died as a possible result of a parent imitating an act of child abuse; in the other case, early medical intervention precluded possible tragedy. These cases illustrate another way in which children may be victimized by violence on television; namely, by parents imitating inappropriate parental behavior. The origins of imitative behavior are discussed with specific reference to the impact on vulnerable parents. The concept of media-influenced parenting behavior is presented and implications for physicians are discussed. 相似文献
63.
When infants die suddenly and unexpectedly, family structures are abruptly altered. This loss and its subsequent changes affect remaining older siblings. New "big brother" and "big sister" roles are suddenly terminated, often in a catastrophic manner. Young surviving children are sometimes unable to understand the meaning of this event, its impact on the family, and their own role in what has occurred. In this study, 26 families that had sustained the sudden and unexpected death of an infant and that had surviving children were interviewed to obtain data about surviving siblings at least 10 months following the loss. Among the 26 families, there were 35 surviving siblings (ages 16 months to 6 years). The interview schedule sought information relevant to changes in patterns of sleep, toilet training, feeding habits, peer relationships, and parent-child interaction. Among these 35 surviving siblings, parents of 28 siblings (80%) perceived changes in their child's interaction with them, 24 siblings (69%) demonstrated changes in sleep patterns following the baby's death, and 13 siblings (37%) showed changes in social interaction. Regression in toilet training and changes in feeding patterns were infrequent and not areas of major concern for parents. These behavioral changes reflected both a continuum of adjustment by the child and a persistence of parental worries. 相似文献
64.
65.
Assessing patient satisfaction and quality of care through observation and interview 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tasso K Behar-Horenstein LS Aumiller A Gamble K Grimaudo N Guin P Mandell T Ramey B 《Hospital topics》2002,80(3):4-10
The purpose of this study was to investigate patient satisfaction using an in-depth approach rather than the more common patient survey method. The authors conducted patient interviews and participant-oriented observations between patients, family members, and medical staff in a large teaching hospital to assess patients' perceptions of the quality of care provided on a medical-surgical unit. The observations were classified according to the Donabedian model of quality of care: technical care, interpersonal care, and amenities of care. Technical interactions (92.5%, or n = 123) were most common, followed by interpersonal interactions (5%, or n = 7) and interactions related to amenities of care (2%, or n = 3). Of the patients interviewed, 89% (n = 40) were satisfied with the treatment and quality of care they received. Of the 10% (n = 9) of patients who reported dissatisfaction with the hospitalization, most of the complaints were related to surgical procedures. Observations and patient interviews may provide a more informative and accurate assessment of patient satisfaction than a reliance on patient surveys as the sole measure. 相似文献
66.
67.
Kovalenko PA Hoven CW Wu P Wicks J Mandell DJ Tiet Q 《The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry》2001,35(6):815-821
OBJECTIVE: Studies have documented associations between anxiety disorders and allergy in adults, but these associations have not been studied extensively in children. The objective of this study is to examine the associations between allergy and six anxiety disorders (AD) in youth. METHOD: This is a data analysis of two epidemiologic-services studies: (i) alternative service use patterns of youth with serious emotional disturbance (n = 936), and (ii) methods for the epidemiology of child and adolescent mental disorders (n = 1285). Child psychiatric diagnoses were measured by the diagnostic interview schedule for children. Allergy was assessed by the service utilization and risk factors interview. RESULTS: Among ADs, the strongest association found was between allergy and panic disorder (adjusted odds ratio 5.0; p < or = 0.001). Associations of allergy and the other ADs do not seem to be clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that in some patients panic disorder may be associated with hypersensitivity of immune system. Panic disorder should be considered in anxious children reporting allergy when no organic cause of allergy is found, and likewise allergy should considered in children with panic disorder. 相似文献
68.
AIM: To describe our experience with alveolar hemorrhage (AH) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Review of medical records and pertinent medical literature using MEDLINE and reference lists from retrieved publications. PATIENTS: Seven patients with SLE admitted with episodes of AH (n = 11). RESULTS: Six patients were female, and one was male. Mean age at the time of AH was 31.1 years. Mean duration of SLE was 4.5 years. AH occurred within 3 weeks of SLE onset in two patients. Recurrent AH was observed in four patients. Six patients were already receiving treatment for SLE at the time of AH. All patients presented with dyspnea and new pulmonary infiltrates. Hemoptysis occurred in only 54%. All patients had BAL within 48 h of presentation. Temperature > or =39 degrees C (102.2 degrees F) accompanied 82% of episodes. Glomerulonephritis was the most common nonpulmonary SLE manifestation (74%). Treatment with empiric IV antibiotics was initiated in 10 episodes. Initial treatment included high-dose corticosteroids (prednisone, 1 to 3 mg/kg/d [n = 2]; or IV methylprednisolone, 1 g/d [n = 9], with or without oral cyclophosphamide, 2 to 3 mg/kg/d [n = 7]). Plasmapheresis (three to four sessions) was added in five episodes for persistent AH. All patients survived. CONCLUSIONS: AH may mimic pneumonia. Hemoptysis may not be evident. Infection must be aggressively excluded, especially since many patients with AH are already receiving immunosuppressive therapy. AH frequently recurs despite ongoing immunosuppression. Although high mortality rates have been reported with AH in SLE, we observed 100% survival. 相似文献
69.
Resistance of Copenhagen rats to chemical induction of glutathione S- transferase 7-7-positive liver foci 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Copenhagen (Cop) rats are completely resistant to the chemical induction of
mammary adenocarcinomas, but their susceptibility to hepatocarcinogenesis
is virtually unknown. Rat liver is a well- characterized and easily
manipulated tissue in which to study carcinogenesis. Therefore, if Cop rats
are resistant to hepatocarcinogenesis, studies into resistance mechanisms
may be feasible. Male Cop and F344 rats, 7-8 weeks old, were initiated
using either N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) (200 mg/kg, i.p.) or a two-thirds
partial hepatectomy (PH) followed by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) (60
mg/kg, i.p.). The rats were then promoted using a modified resistant
hepatocyte (RH) protocol (a combination of four doses of 2-
acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and a single dose of CCl4 that provides a
selective mitotic stimulus for initiated cells). Six weeks after initiation
the rats were killed and liver sections were stained for glutathione
S-transferase 7-7 (GST 7-7), a marker for putative preneoplastic
hepatocytes. Cop rats were found to be highly resistant, having a
approximately 9- and approximately 27-fold smaller percentage of liver area
occupied by GST 7-7-positive foci than susceptible F344 rats following
initiation by DEN and MNU respectively. Furthermore, gross liver nodules
did not form in any of the Cop rats, whereas all F344 rat livers contained
nodules. Hepatic necrosis caused by DEN during initiation, and CCl4 during
promotion is necessary to stimulate compensatory hepatocyte division. We
demonstrated that these agents do indeed increase serum transaminase levels
and produce histologic evidence of necrosis in Cop rats. In order for liver
foci to grow rapidly in the RH protocol, the surrounding normal hepatocytes
must be mito-inhibited by 2-AAF. We found that the degree of
mito-inhibition of normal hepatocytes by 2-AAF is the same in Cop and F344
rats. These results show that the Cop rat is highly resistant to the
chemical induction of putative preneoplastic liver foci and nodules.
相似文献
70.
DS Wilensky G Ginsberg M Altman TH Tulchinsky F Ben Yishay J Auerbach 《Archives of disease in childhood》1996,75(2):145-148
OBJECTIVE: To examine the characteristics of infants suffering from failure to thrive in a community based cohort in Israel and to ascertain the effect of failure to thrive on their cognitive development. METHODS: By review of records maintained at maternal and child health clinics in Jerusalem and the two of Beit Shemesh, epidemiological data were obtained at age 15 months on a cohort of all babies born in 1991. For each case of failure to thrive, a matched control was selected from the same maternal and child health clinic. At age 20 months, cognitive development was measured, and at 25 months a home visit was carried out to assess maternal psychiatric status by questionnaire, and the HOME assessment was performed to assess the home environment. RESULTS: 3.9% of infants were found to have fallen below the third centile in weight for at least three months during the first year of life. Infants with failure to thrive did not differ from the general population in terms of obstetric or neonatal complications, birth order, or parents' ethnic origin, age, or years of education. The infants with failure to thrive did have lower birthweights and marginally smaller head circumferences at birth. Developmental assessment at 20 months of age showed a DQ of 99.7 v 107.2 in the matched controls, with 11.5% having a DQ below 80, as opposed to only 4.6% of the controls. No differences were found in maternal psychiatric problems as measured by a self report questionnaire. There were, however, significant differences in subscales of the HOME scale. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Infants who suffered from failure to thrive had some physiological predispositions that put them at risk; (2) failure to thrive may be an early marker of families providing suboptimal developmental stimulation. 相似文献