学龄儿童行为问题危险因素配对研究

将２１４名经Ｒｕｔｔｅｒ儿童行为问卷调查评定为有行为问题的学龄儿童与２１４名对照儿童进行了配比分析，以探讨学龄儿童行为问题的危险因素。研究结果表明，父、母文化程度和父亲职业是影响学龄儿童行为问题的重要因素；多因素条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ逐步回归分析结果显示父母文化程度偏低是学龄儿童行为障碍的两项独立危险因素。文中对学龄儿童行为问题的预防和矫治进行了讨论。     

甘露醇治疗颅内高压症36例临床分析

本文收集36例各种病因引起的颅内高压病例，依据脑CT提示脑出血量及脑积水程度，脑脊液压力及患者生命体征的特征，分为经、中、重三种类型进行脱水治疗。治愈率86％，病死率13．8％。治疗中应注意防止肾衰、糖尿病以及低颅内压综合征的出现。     

Clinical approach to normal intraocular pressure glaucoma

Normal intraocular pressure (IOP) glaucoma is a clinical condition characterized by pathologic optic nerve excavation and visual field impairment, defined as optic neuropathy with certain features of a disease known as glaucoma. Glaucomatous optic nerve lesion is characterized by optic disk excavation or depression, however, this feature may greatly vary. The level of IOP is considered only one of the multiple risk factors involved in the disease development. In normal IOP glaucoma, papillary lesions and visual field impairments may differ from those occurring in primary open-angle glaucoma. In modern ophthalmology, the terminology has been modified, so the term low IOP glaucoma has been replaced by the term normal IOP glaucoma. It is now believed that various factors play a role in the development of glaucomatous optic neuropathy in normal IOP glaucoma and show variable interference depending on IOP level. Additional studies are needed to define these interactions and their impact on the mechanism of glaucomatous excavation. This will hopefully pave the way to new therapeutic approaches and help in clinical decisions concerning the prognosis and treatment of individual patients.     

Lid retraction etiology

The upper lid position is abnormal if it exposes a white band of sclera between the lid margin and the upper corneal limbus while the retracted lower lid lies below the inferior corneal margin and is tethered to the orbital margin. Lid retraction is a sign of many congenital and acquired diseases and is characterised by multifactorial etiology. The aim of this study was to discuss the etiology of lid retraction divided into four categories: neurogenic, myogenic, mechanical and miscellaneous, what suggests a successful differential diagnostic and therapeutic approach.     

C/C复合材料表面等离子喷涂HA涂层在SBF中的试验

目的 探讨不同模拟体液对HA涂层体外生物学行为的影响。方法采用等离子体喷涂法,在碳／碳复合材料表面制备HA涂层,并对涂层进行了热处理。利用X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning electron microscopy)等检测手段,分析该涂层的物相和形貌,观察HA涂层在模拟体液中的影响。结果XRD检测结果表明,在模拟体液浸泡过程中,涂层的主要组成相的相对含量和结晶度不断发生变化。由SEM分析结果可知,在浸泡过程中,内送粉方式下制得的HA涂层的表面沉积物呈现近似网状的结构。同时,在Ringer溶液中,可以观察到HA涂层溶解痕迹。结论通过适当的热处理可以恢复HA的结构完整性,同时提高涂层的结晶度。     

树突状细胞负载肝癌抗原肽疫苗体外诱导特异性免疫学反应的研究

目的：研究树突状细胞(dendritic cell，DC)负载肝癌抗原肽EPVTKAEML体外诱导特异性CTL的能力及其抑癌效果。方法：用顺序特异引物聚合酶链反应技术(PCR—SSP)选择HLA—B7表型供者，从脾组织中分离、培养DC-EPVTKAEML特异性CTL。用^51Cr释放法检测CTL的杀伤活性，并用抗HLA-1分子单抗(mAb)进行杀伤抑制实验。结果：找到4例HLA-B7杂合子供者，用DC负载HLA-B7限制的抗原肽EPVTKAEML可诱导特异性CTL反应，对肝癌细胞HHCC有较强的杀伤作用。结论：DC负载抗原肽EPVTKAEML在体外可诱发较强的特异性免疫反应。     

高效凝胶色谱一步法制备级纯化单克隆抗体

作者采用ＰｈａｒｍａｃｉａＳｅｐｈａｃｒｙｌＳ—３００凝胶色谱柱，建立了ＩｇＧ类ＭｃＡｂ的一步法制各级纯化方法。该法是将ＭｃＡｂ腹水直接上样，用ｐＨ７．４１０ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＰＢＳ洗脱（流速０．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ），即得到纯化的ＭｃＡｂ。一次上样量４０～５０ｍｌ腹水，回收率为８５％－９０％．整个纯化周期４ｈ。纯化的ＭｃＡｂ经ＳＤＳ—ＰＡＧＥ测定，纯度＞９０％，免疫组化ＡＢＣ法测定活性为１：８００００（７．８×１０－１１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）。该法操作简单、快速，只要有一台核酸／蛋白检测仪，便可进行制备级水平的纯化。     

结肠的器官内淋巴管

本文对家兔、大白鼠和豚鼠的结肠器官内淋巴管进行了光镜和电镜观察。结肠粘膜层毛细淋巴管位于肠腺底与粘膜肌之间。粘膜下层毛细淋巴管位于粘膜肌直下方;淋巴管多位子其深方。肌层和浆膜层存有毛细淋巴管和淋巴管。毛细淋巴管内皮细胞质中有大量的囊泡,囊泡与细胞质膜有密切关系,淋巴管内皮细胞间的连接主要有三种形式,即重叠连接、指状插入连接和端端连接。淋巴管壁存有内皮内管道。     

肝癌特异性超抗原SEA(D227A)基因表达载体的构建与表达

目的：构建受AFP顺式作用元件调控的超抗原表达载体，将SEA(D227A)特异性的表达于AFP阳性肝癌细胞膜表面。方法：PCR扩增AFP基因启动子、增强子、linker—CD80tm和SEA(D227A)。将上述片断插入逆转录病毒载体pLXSN的多克隆位点，构建AFP基因顺式作用元件调控的肝癌特异性减毒超抗原表达载体(pLXSN SEA(D227A)—linker—CD80tm)。通过脂质体介导，以表达载体转染表达或不表达AFP的肿瘤细胞系，用RT—PCR和间接免疫荧光染色，检测SEA的表达。结果：成功地将AFP基因的启动子、增强子、linker—CD80tm和SEA(D227A)克隆到逆转录病毒载体pLXSN的多克隆位点，酶切鉴定和DNA序列分析无误，RT—PCR和间接免疫荧光法检测证实，SEA(D227A)能在AFP阳性的肝癌细胞膜特异性表达。结论：AFP顺式作用元件修饰的超抗原表达载体的构建，为下一步用其强化肝癌的免疫治疗奠定了基础。