两种根管弯曲度测量法间数学关系的推导

目的:研究2种根管弯曲度测量法测值(Schneider法的测值为θS,Weine法的测值为θW)间的数学关系。方法:将弯曲根管长轴简化为依次由相切的线段(长度为l1)、圆弧(半径为r、圆心角为θ)、线段(长度为l2)组成的连线,根据2测量法确定简化弯曲根管长轴测量角时不同的定点、连线方式,推导θS、θW间的函数方程以及与l1、l2、r、θ间的数学关系,分析方程与函数图形的特征。结果:θS与θW间存在以下数学关系:(1)tanθS=(1-cosθW ksinθW)/(sinθW kcosθW),k=l2/r;(2)θW/2≤θS≤θW。k取不同值时函数曲线的形态具有不同的特点。θW在0,π的区间内,θS与θW间呈近似的线性关系;k越大,θS越接近θW,k越小,θS越接近θW/2。结论:Schneider法与Weine法测值间存在着复杂的函数关系,根管根尖部直段的长度(l2)与弯曲段曲率半径(r)之比值是影响2种方法测值间差异的重要因素。     

Subhepatic collections complicating laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Percutaneous management

Ten patients with subhepatic fluid collections complicating laparoscopic Cholecystectomy were successfully treated by interventional radiological procedures. The series included five abscesses, three hematomas, one biloma, and one serous collection. Abdominal pain or fever developed from 3 to 21 days after the laparoscopic intervention. All patients were asymptomatic 72 h after percutaneous drainage and there were no complications related to the procedure. Subhepatic fluid accumulations are common findings after laparoscopic cholecystectomies and have been considered an unreliable indicator of infection or other postoperative complications. However, the significance of these collections should not be underestimated in symptomatic patients. In such cases we propose diagnostic aspiration and drainage, when necessary, to safely and promptly establish the precise diagnosis and treatment. More serious complications can be avoided by early percutaneous intervention.     

Induction of FMLP-mediated calcium mobilization requires crosslinking of surface immunoglobulin in Daudi cells.

We have explored the requirements for the induction of the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) response in Daudi cells after anti-immunoglobulin treatment. Our results indicate that (a) induction of responsiveness to FMLP was observed in Daudi only after crosslinking of surface immunoglobulin by anti-immunoglobulin; (b) this induced responsiveness was not observed in Ramos or Wil-2 cells; (c) the F(ab')2 fragment was sufficient for the induction of the FMLP response, but the Fab fragment and the Fc fragment were ineffective; (d) of the many agents active in B lymphocyte regulation which were tested, none were as effective as anti-immunoglobulin in the induction of the FMLP response; and (e) three inhibitors of calcium mobilization (W-7 (N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulfonamide), PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), and colchicine), acting on distinct mechanisms, inhibited both the calcium mobilization due to anti-immunoglobulin and the induction of responsiveness to FMLP. Our results suggest important determinants in the induction of a calcium-mobilizing FMLP response in cells of B lymphocyte lineage include (a) the cell type, (b) a selective requirement for activation via surface immunoglobulin, and (c) crosslinking of the surface immunoglobulin.     

国人新生儿心脏的解剖学研究

本文对已固定的50例(男30.女20)新生儿心脏外径、重量、体积、内部结构等进行了观测,取得了有关心脏的大量数据,为年龄解剖学和临床提供资料。     

The path to care in autism: Is it better now?

Parents of children with autism often report problems associated with obtaining a diagnosis of their child's condition, family support, information, and appropriate services. To evaluate any changes in the situation over the last two decades, the families of all members of the West Midlands Autistic Society, age 19 years and below, were asked to fill in a questionnaire that covered aspects of detection, diagnosis, help and information received, and educational provision. Responses were obtained from 127 families, the children of whom formed an older group ages 10 years and above (n=67) and a younger group ages 9 years and below (n=61). Findings show that there have been improvements for the younger group in some areas, such as earlier referral, diagnosis, and statementing. However, the situation with respect to advice given by professionals and the support and provision available after referral is still much the same as that experienced by families of the older group of children. Many difficulties and hurdles remain which hinder parents and children on the path to care in autism.     

关于口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验效果的分析

采用比较研究的方法进行了口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验，旨在观察比较网络教学环境、多媒体课件演示以及传统教师讲授等多种教学方式的教学效果，分析传统教学与网络教学模式下的教学环节、教学效果以及存在问题，对课件进行总体评价，对影响因素进行分析，对多媒体及网络教学模式作一初步的实践和探索。     

培养更多高质量的妇产科医师

1955年我毕业于同济医学院，留校工作至今已52年，一直从事医疗工作。师承全国著名的金问淇教授和蔡桂茹教授，金教授的广博学识和敏锐思维；蔡教授的精湛医疗水平和技术，对我的从医的道路有很大的影响。目睹同辈或下一代很多优秀的妇产科医师的成长、发展过程直到取得杰出业绩，会经常思考“如何做好妇产科医师”这一问题。     

Althin/TIAN System1000 HDF血透机常见故障及检修

Althin／TIAN System1000 HDF血透机是美国Baxter公司较为先进的血液透析滤过装置。它采用的是平恒腔式的定容超滤控制系统．使得超滤量的控制更为精确。非在线式血液滤过的设计彻底保证了滤过液的安全性。人性化的液晶触摸屏给操作和维修带来及大的方便。由于血透机特殊的工作环境．年久的机器会出现一些问题。现将几例常见故障的检修提供给同行，供同行参考。     

乳腺囊性增生病癌变过程中部分因素变化的意义

检测乳腺囊性增生病（ＦＣＤ）经不典型增生到癌变部分因素的变化。结果提示：从因明显ＦＣＤ症状活检至癌变为２～１０年；从Ⅱ级以上不典型增生到临床癌变需２～７年；癌变率为３．１％。ＦＣＤ患者存在性激素分泌调控失常，血浆雌激素和催乳素含量增加，导致上皮细胞增生。乳腺一般性增生细胞的ＤＮＡ含量和超微结构与正常乳腺上皮细胞相似；无肿瘤相关抗原及异常基因产物表达。而发生在一般性增生基础上的不典型增生则呈现细胞基因物质ＤＮＡ含量增加，部分为超４Ｃ的多倍体细胞；同时出现细胞膜和细胞核超微结构异常；雌激素受体含量增加，对性激素的依赖性和敏感性增强；部分不典型增生细胞出现胚胎性肿瘤相关抗原和异常基因产物表达。随不典型增生程度加重至乳腺癌，上述诸因素的变化趋势具有明显规律性。提示ＦＣＤ上皮细胞从一般性增生经不典型增生至乳腺癌为细胞生物学连续逐渐变化的过程。部分不典型增生细胞中具有癌倾向的细胞生物学行为异常和表型变化与乳腺癌发生密切相关。细胞核ＤＮＡ含量等异常变化及程度可作为乳腺癌前病变发展程度的客观标志     

14岁以下正常人群B19病毒抗体的测定

用间接免疫荧光法检测了延边地区１４岁以下不同年龄组的正常人群血清中抗Ｂ１９病毒抗体。结果如下：抗体阳性率为１２．９％，各年龄组抗体阳性率分布不均，主要在７．５％～２２．５％之间，几何平均效价为１：１９，各年龄组的几何平均效价在１：１６～１：２５之间；抗体效价分布在１：１０～１：８０之间，主要在１：４０以下，朝鲜族和汉族的病毒抗体阳性率分别为９．７％和１６．０％，几何平均效价分别为１：２１和１：１８．统计结果表明，各年龄组之间及朝鲜族和汉族之间，抗体阳性率和几何平均效价均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．