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701.
702.
Akira Umeda MD Kazuteru Kawasaki MD Tadashi Abe MD Maki Watanabe MT Akitoshi Ishizaka MD Yasumasa Okada MD 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2008,26(9):975-980
Introduction
Since the invention of the pulse oximeter, physicians often or even routinely perform venous blood gas analysis (VBGA). However, it has not been generally agreed that the application of VBGA is practically meaningful in routine clinical situations such as in an ED.Methods
We measured venous-arterial Pco2 difference ((v-a)Pco2) and arterial-venous pH difference ((a-v)pH), and analyzed the physiological factors that affect these differences in healthy volunteers and hyperventilation patients.Results
In healthy volunteers, both (v-a)Pco2 and (a-v)pH increased during finger exercise or hyperventilation in an intensity-dependent manner. Doppler echography indicated that increases in (v-a)Pco2 and (a-v)pH during hyperventilation are induced by reduction of peripheral blood flow. Approximately 40% of patients with untreated respiratory alkalosis were found to be incorrectly diagnosed if based only on VBGA.Conclusions
It must be noted that VBGA may lead to overestimation of acidosis and to underestimation of respiratory alkalosis when extremities muscles are active or patients are hyperventilating. Physicians should keep these limitations in mind when conducting VBGA. 相似文献703.
Mie Kurata Sanae Watanabe MD Jun Irita MD Daijiro Enomoto MD Masanori Johtoku MD Ken-ichi Miyoshi MD Mitsuko Koresawa MT Tomikazu Fukuoka MD Jitsuo Higaki MD 《Current therapeutic research》2008,69(5):412-422
Background: Aortic stiffness assessed by brachio-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) can be used to predict cardiovascular events. However, baPWV is dependent on blood pressure. Antihypertensive drugs have been reported to reduce baPWV; but it is difficult to determine if this effect is associated with lowered blood pressure or reduced arterial stiffness.Objectives: The primary end point of this study was to assess whether antihypertensive drugs reduce arterial stiffness as estimated by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). The secondary end point was to compare the effects of 2 widely used drugs, the calcium-channel blocker amlodipine and the angiotensin II receptor blocker candesartan, on arterial stiffness.Methods: Between October 2005 and September 2006, consecutive Japanese outpatients with essential hypertension (EHT) (defined as using antihypertensive drugs at screening, systolic blood pressure [SBP] > 140 mm Hg, or diastolic BP [DBP] >90 mm Hg) were assigned to treatment for 24 weeks with either amlodipine (5-10 mg/d) or candesartan (8-12 mg/d). Arterial stiffness was evaluated with CAVI before and after 24 weeks of treatment. Relative change in arterial stiffness from baseline was also compared. The evaluator was blinded to treatment.Results: Twenty patients (11 men, 9 women; mean [SD] age, 62 [10] years) were included in the study. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the 2 groups. At baseline, mean (SD) CAVI was not significantly different in the amlodipine group compared with the candesartan group (8.93 [0.93] vs 8.46 [1.34], respectively). During the 24-week treatment period, mean SBP and DBP decreased significantly in both the amlodipine (14/10 mm Hg; P = 0.006 and P = 0.005) and the candesartan groups (13/11 mm Hg; P = 0.033 and P = 0.005). Amlodipine was associated with a significant change in CAVI from baseline (8.93 [0.93] vs 8.60 [1.50]; P = 0.017), whereas candesartan was not (8.46 [1.34] vs 8.81 [1.20]). The percentage change in CAVI was significantly different in the amlodipine group compared with the candesartan group (−7.14 [8.83] vs 5.85 [16.0], respectively; P = 0.038). After 24 weeks of treatment, the CAVI of the amlodipine group was still numerically larger than baseline CAVI of the candesartan group, although the difference was not statistically significant. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in absolute CAVI between the 2 groups after 24 weeks, but the relative change from baseline was significant in favor of amlodipine. Logistic regression analysis revealed that amlodipine improved CAVI independent of its antihypertensive effect.Conclusion: These data suggest that amlodipine and candesartan had different effects on aortic stiffness estimated by CAVI, despite similar effects on brachial blood pressure after 24 weeks of treatment in these Japanese patients with EHT. 相似文献
704.
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706.
Samantha Jolly MBBS MS Stefan Court-Kowalski MBBS PhD Victoria Lu MBBS MT Matthew Roberts MBBS FRACP Santosh Olakkengil DNB FRACS Patrick T. H. Coates PhD FRACP Shantanu Bhattacharjya MS FRCS FRACS 《International Journal of Urological Nursing》2023,17(1):56-61
The objective of this study is to determine if there was a difference in rate of post-transplantation urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients who have an indwelling catheter inserted using sterile versus clean technique. UTI is the most common nosocomial infection in the post-transplantation period. We aim to describe risk factors associated with postoperative UTI in our institution and determine if there was a difference between those who have an indwelling catheter inserted using sterile versus clean technique. Risk factors for UTIs can be divided into recipient, donor, and procedure related factors. While an indwelling urinary catheter increases the risk of infection, it is vital for post-operative fluid balance monitoring. Given the morbidity of UTIs in transplant recipients, a number of studies have investigated modifiable risk factors; however, investigation of the technique of indwelling catheter insertion at the time of renal transplantation is yet to be examined. A retrospective analysis of a contemporaneously maintained database was performed of renal transplant recipients over a 2-year period from 2019–2021. Patients were divided into sterile versus clean technique, defined as the use of sterile gloves, gown and fenestrated drape following a surgical scrub, or sterile gloves alone following the use of alcohol-based hand sanitiser respectively. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. One hundred sixty-nine patients were included in analysis, with 31 UTIs (18.3%) within 30 days of renal transplantation. Female gender and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease were associated with a higher rate of UTI. One hundred twenty-three patients had a catheter inserted via sterile technique, and 46 with clean technique, with no significant difference in rate of post-operative UTI (p = 0.52). Inserting an indwelling catheter either by sterile or clean technique at the time of renal transplantation was not associated with the rate of postoperative UTI within 30 days. 相似文献
707.
Jessica R. Meeker PhD MPH Lucas Gosdin PhD MPH Allison Siu DVM MPH Lauren Turner PhD Benjamin D. Zusman MD Katrin S. Sadigh MD Robert Carpenter DO FACP AAHIVS Stephanie Dopson ScD MSW MPH John Saindon PhD MT Nang Thu Thu Kyaw PhD MPH Hannah E. Segaloff PhD MPH Nikki Pritchard BSN MPH Andrea Shahum MD PhD Rana Traboulsi MD MPH Mary Claire Worrell MPH Catherine Beaucham PhD MPH CIH Pritesh Gandhi MD MPH Dean L. Winslow MD MACP FRCP FIDSA FPIDS Lisa Rotz MD Leisel Talley DrPH MPH Emily Mosites PhD MPH Andrew T. Boyd MD 《Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.)》2023,40(5):758-761
We report on five SARS-CoV-2 congregate setting outbreaks at U.S. Operation Allies Welcome Safe Havens/military facilities. Outbreak data were collected, and attack rates were calculated for various populations. Even in vaccinated populations, there was rapid spread, illustrating the importance of institutional prevention and mitigation policies in congregate settings. 相似文献
708.
Eugene R. Viscusi MD Oscar de Leon-Casasola MD Jesús Cebrecos MD Adam Jacobs PhD Adelaida Morte MD Esther Ortiz RN Mariano Sust MD Anna Vaqué MD Ira Gottlieb DPM Stephen Daniels DO Joseph S. Gimbel MD Derek Muse MD Peter Winkle MD Michael E. Kuss BS MT Sebastián Videla MD Neus Gascón MD Carlos Plata-Salamán MD 《Pain practice》2023,23(1):8-22
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710.
MT FLORES L ANDERSSON JO ANDREASEN LK BAKLAND B MALMGREN F BARNETT C BOURGUIGNON A DIANGELIS L HICKS A SIGURDSSON M TROPE M TSUKIBOSHI T VON ARX 《Endodontic Topics》2006,14(1):102-110
Crown fractures and luxations occur most frequently of all dental injuries. An appropriate treatment plan after an injury is important for a good prognosis. Guidelines are useful for delivering the best care possible in an efficient manner. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed a consensus statement after a review of the dental literature and group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialties were included in the group. In cases where the data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinion of the IADT board members. The guidelines represent the current best evidence, based on literature research and professional opinion. In this first article of three, the IADT Guidelines for management of fractures and luxations of permanent teeth will be presented. 相似文献