全文获取类型
收费全文 | 911篇 |
免费 | 47篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 4篇 |
儿科学 | 34篇 |
妇产科学 | 18篇 |
基础医学 | 124篇 |
口腔科学 | 10篇 |
临床医学 | 49篇 |
内科学 | 268篇 |
皮肤病学 | 14篇 |
神经病学 | 91篇 |
特种医学 | 13篇 |
外科学 | 65篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 74篇 |
眼科学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 48篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 144篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 15篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 22篇 |
2018年 | 34篇 |
2017年 | 22篇 |
2016年 | 31篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 30篇 |
2013年 | 45篇 |
2012年 | 82篇 |
2011年 | 74篇 |
2010年 | 44篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 52篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 64篇 |
2005年 | 60篇 |
2004年 | 60篇 |
2003年 | 49篇 |
2002年 | 41篇 |
2001年 | 6篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有964条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
141.
142.
143.
Colecchia A Sandri L Bacchi-Reggiani ML Portincasa P Palasciano G Mazzella G Roda E Festi D 《The American journal of gastroenterology》2006,101(11):2576-2581
OBJECTIVE: A knowledge of the predictive factors of the development and persistence of symptoms in gallstone patients (GS) plays a key role in clinical decision making. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of predictive factors for biliary pain development in GS, stressing the role of gallbladder motility. METHODS: A total of 153 (104 women, 49 men) consecutive GS were enrolled. Gallbladder motility (%Emptying [%E], residual volume [RV]) was evaluated by ultrasonography and biliary symptoms were evaluated using a specific questionnaire in all GS at baseline and after 4 yr of follow-up. RESULTS: At enrolment, 61 GS reported recent (GSr) and 31 GS remote (GSo) (>2 yr before) episodes of biliary pain, and 61 were asymptomatic (GSa). At baseline, GSr showed a greater %E and a smaller RV than both GSo and GSa (p < 0.001). After follow-up, biliary pain developed more frequently in GSr (33.3%) than in GSo (16%) and GSa (15%) (p= 0.04). The search for predictive factors of biliary pain development (by univariate and multivariate analyses) revealed a high %E, a small RV, and a history of biliary pain as risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Efficient gallbladder motility is present in symptomatic GS and it represents a risk factor for biliary pain development while sluggish motility seems to play a protective role. Thus, gallbladder motility evaluation is a useful diagnostic tool in clinical decision making for GS; in symptomatic GS, a progressive reduction of gallbladder motility could suggest a "wait and see" management policy instead of an immediate surgical approach. 相似文献
144.
Increased serum resistin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is related to liver disease severity and not to insulin resistance 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
Pagano C Soardo G Pilon C Milocco C Basan L Milan G Donnini D Faggian D Mussap M Plebani M Avellini C Federspil G Sechi LA Vettor R 《The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism》2006,91(3):1081-1086
CONTEXT: The recently discovered hormone resistin is linked to the development of insulin resistance, but direct evidence of resistin levels in humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is lacking. METHODS: We conducted this study to assess the relationship between serum resistin and NAFLD. We measured serum resistin and biochemical, hormonal, and histological correlates in 28 NAFLD patients, 33 controls, and 30 obese patients [body mass index (BMI), >30 kg/m2] without NAFLD. RESULTS: Resistin and adiponectin expression were measured in sc adipose tissue by quantitative RT-PCR. Resistin was higher in NAFLD patients compared with controls (5.87 +/- 0.49 vs. 4.30 +/- 0.20 ng/ml; P = 0.002) and obese patients (4.37 +/- 0.27 ng/ml; P = 0.002). Increased resistin mRNA was also found in the adipose tissue of NAFLD patients compared with controls and obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Both NAFLD and obese patients had lower adiponectin levels, whereas leptin was increased only in the obese group. No correlation was found between resistin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, BMI, homeostasis model assessment, insulin, glucose, transaminases, and lipid values. A positive correlation was found between resistin and histological inflammatory score. These data report increased resistin in NAFLD patients that is related to the histological severity of the disease, but do not support a link between resistin and insulin resistance or BMI in these patients. 相似文献
145.
146.
Nicola Personeni Lorenza Rimassa Tiziana Pressiani Annarita Destro Claudia Ligorio Maria Chiara Tronconi Silvia Bozzarelli Carlo Carnaghi Luca Di Tommaso Laura Giordano Massimo Roncalli Armando Santoro 《Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology》2013,139(7):1179-1187
Purpose
Preclinical studies show that sorafenib, a multitarget kinase inhibitor, displays anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, and pro-apoptotic properties in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the determinants of sorafenib sensitivity in vivo remain largely unknown.Methods
We assessed the expression of Mcl-1, activated/phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) 1/2, and activated/phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) in pretreatment tumor specimens from 44 patients with advanced HCC who received sorafenib. Furthermore, we assessed MYC and MET gene copy numbers (GCN) by fluorescence in situ hybridization.Results
Poorer overall survival (OS) times were correlated with pERK expression [hazard ratio (HR) 1.013; 95 % CI 1.003–1.035] and Mcl-1 expression (HR 1.016; 95 % CI 1.002–1.030) in pretreatment tumor samples. Expression levels of pERK and Mcl-1, however, were not correlated with time to tumor progression (TTP). Increased pERK expression was positively associated with higher Cancer of Liver Italian Program scores (P = 0.012) and was prognostic in patients with scores 2–6 but not in those with scores 0–1. pERK expression was significantly less frequent in specimens sourced from previous surgical procedures compared to biopsy samples (9.6 vs. 92.3 %, respectively; P < 0.0001). Analysis of pAKT expression, MET and MYC GCN, did not indicate any prognostic nor predictive values for these biomarkers in terms of survival.Conclusions
Expression levels of Mcl-1 and pERK are associated with reduced OS in HCC patients treated with sorafenib and might be useful markers for risk stratification. However, in contrast to previous findings, pERK expression levels, as well as other biomarkers tested, did not affect TTP. 相似文献147.
Guimarães MD Rocha GM Campos LN de Freitas FM Gualberto FA Teixeira Rd de Castilho FM 《Clinics (S?o Paulo, Brazil)》2008,63(2):165-172
OBJECTIVE: To describe the degree of difficulty that HIV-infected patients have with therapy treatment. INTRODUCTION: Patients perceptions about their treatment are a determinant factor for improved adherence and a better quality of life. METHODS: Two cross-sectional analyses were conducted in public AIDS referral centers in Brazil among patients initiating treatment. Patients interviewed at baseline, after one month, and after seven months following the beginning of treatment were asked to classify and justify the degree of difficulty with treatment. Logistic regression was used for analysis. RESULTS: Among 406 patients initiating treatment, 350 (86.2%) and 209 (51.5%) returned for their first and third visits, respectively. Treatment perceptions ranged from medium to very difficult for 51.4% and 37.3% on the first and third visits, respectively. The main difficulties reported were adverse reactions to the medication and scheduling. A separate logistic regression indicated that the HIV-seropositive status disclosure, symptoms of anxiety, absence of psychotherapy, higher CD4+ cell count (> 200/mm3) and high (> 4) adverse reaction count reported were independently associated with the degree of difficulty in the first visit, while CDC clinical category A, pill burden (> 7 pills), use of other medications, high (> 4) adverse reaction count reported and low understanding of medical orientation showed independent association for the third visit. CONCLUSIONS: A significant level of difficulty was observed with treatment. Our analyses suggest the need for early assessment of difficulties with treatment, highlighting the importance of modifiable factors that may contribute to better adherence to the treatment protocol. 相似文献
148.
Wagenaar-Bos IG Drouet C Aygören-Pursun E Bork K Bucher C Bygum A Farkas H Fust G Gregorek H Hack CE Hickey A Joller-Jemelka HI Kapusta M Kreuz W Longhurst H Lopez-Trascasa M Madalinski K Naskalski J Nieuwenhuys E Ponard D Truedsson L Varga L Nielsen EW Wagner E Zingale L Cicardi M van Ham SM 《Journal of immunological methods》2008,338(1-2):14-20
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent episodes of potentially life-threatening angioedema. The most widespread underlying genetic deficiency is a heterozygous deficiency of the serine protease inhibitor C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-Inh). In addition to low C4 levels, the most important laboratory parameter for correct diagnosis of HAE or angioedema due to acquired C1-Inh deficiency is reduced C1-Inh function (fC1-Inh).No direct recommendations about the assays for fC1-Inh or sample handling conditions are available, although this would prove especially useful when a laboratory first starts to offer assays on fC1-Inh for HAE diagnosis. In the present study we evaluated the performance of fC1-Inh assays in the 15 different laboratories that are specialised in HAE diagnostics and assessed inter-laboratory variation with each laboratory using their own assays and standards. A double-blind survey was conducted using plasma/serum samples from healthy donors and HAE patients and the uniformity of HAE diagnosis was evaluated.It can be concluded that the diagnosis of fC1-Inh deficiency was made correctly in most cases in this survey. We can recommend the chromogenic assay for the determination of fC1-Inh, while the complex ELISA needs further investigation. 相似文献
149.
Moretta A Andriolo G Lisini D Martinetti M Pasi A Rebulla P Soligo D Giordano R Lazzari L Maccario R 《Biology of blood and marrow transplantation》2012,18(7):1108-1118
The transplantation of two cord blood (CB) units obtained from unrelated donors (double CBT) is an effective strategy for adult patients with hematologic malignancies. Sustained hematopoiesis after double CBT is usually derived from a single donor, and only a few transplantation recipients displaying a stable mixed donor-donor chimerism have been reported. We investigated the mechanisms underlying single-donor predominance in double CBT by studying in?vitro the role of the graft-versus-graft cell-mediated immune effect in two-way mixed-lymphocyte culture, along with the contribution of differential hematopoietic progenitor (HP) potency in HP mixed cultures. Results for the two-way mixed-lymphocyte culture showed that despite the weak and variable alloantigen-specific cytotoxic potential displayed by CB mononuclear cells, an immune-mediated dominance for one of the two CB units was detected in the majority of experiments. Alloantigen-induced cytotoxic activity was directed toward both CB-HP and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated T lymphoblastoid cells. The CB unit with the higher fold expansion of CD34(+) cells in single-expansion culture was prevalent in the HP mixed-expansion culture, as shown by DNA chimerism evaluation. Based on these data, we hypothesize that the dominant CB unit is able to develop prevalent cytotoxic activity toward activated lymphocytes of the other CB unit, thereby preventing them from exerting alloantigen-specific cytotoxic potential against both activated lymphocytes and HPs of the dominant unit. In accordance with this hypothesis, we propose the evaluation of?alloantigen-induced cytotoxic activity generated in two-way mixed-lymphocyte culture and directed toward PHA-activated T lymphoblastoid cells as a tool to identify the potentially predominant CB unit before double CBT. 相似文献