现阶段县级卫校在初级卫生保健中的作用探析

依据乡村医生人力结构现状调查结果,就现阶段县级卫校在初级卫生保健中的作用及今后面向乡村医生办学的可行性作了具体的分析和探讨。结论是:提高质量,加强对在岗乡医进行系统化正规中专层次的职后复训,应是县级卫校今后1O年的最主要的任务。     

原发性胸腰椎管内肿瘤延误诊治原因探讨（附44例报告）

本文报告一组44例原发性椎管内肿瘤初期延误诊治,其中10例为腰椎间盘突出而手术,2例为腰椎管狭窄症手术治疗。原发性椎管内肿瘤与脊柱退变性疾病分属两种不同的疾病范畴。为提高诊断和治疗效果,本文就误诊原因作以下讨论。     

非瓣膜病房颤患者左心耳血流动力学的TEE研究

应用多平面经食管超声心动图技术（Ｍ－ＴＥＥ），对３０例健康人和３０例非瓣病房颤患者（ＮＶＡＦ）心底短轴切面测量了左心耳最大直径，同一心动周期内左心耳最大及最小面积及左心耳最大空速度，产将ＮＶＡＦ患者按照自发显影及血栓的有无分为２组。发现ＮＶＡＦ组左心耳增大，收缩力及血流速度均减低，且这种变化在有血栓和有血栓形成倾向的患者中更为明显。     

Rh血型不合新生儿溶血病检测方法及应用

产前检测Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子及抗人球蛋白（ｃｏｏｍｂｓ）试验是必要的。测定Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子及抗Ｄ滴度使用木瓜酶方法。通过对１１２６１例孕妇常规检查Ｒｈ，Ｄ因子，发现Ｄ阴性７４例。Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性妇女占６．５‰。２２例Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性的孕妇所分娩的新生儿均为Ｒｈ，Ｄ阳性。其中２例孕妇血清抗Ｄ滴度为１∶３２，病情严重，宫内输血无效，胎死宫内。初产妇１３例，占５９％。活产２０例，存活率９０％。Ｒｈ因子及抗人球蛋白试验方法简便、易行，一般医院均可进行。对有流产史、输血史的孕妇检查Ｒｈ因子是十分必要的。在有条件的医院，对Ｒｈ，Ｄ阴性的产妇分娩Ｒｈ，Ｄ阳性的新生儿之后，产妇应预防性注射抗Ｄ免疫球蛋白     

薄层动态CT对胰腺癌的早期诊断

笔者采用薄层动态ＣＴ扫描，诊断直径≤３ｃｍ的胰腺癌１２例，其直接征象为胰头轻度不规则增大或有小的局部隆起、钩突圆隆变形、胰腺实质的分叶形态消失；间接征象为胰管、胆管的梗阻性扩张。认为薄层动态ＣＴ扫描是早期胰腺癌诊断的有效方法。     

Direct current therapy for local control of malignant tumors]

Sixteen malignant tumors of soft tissue (15 cases) were treated with low voltage direct current (DC therapy) with or without systemic chemotherapy. Two platinum or stainless steel electrodes were placed in the tumor and around 10 volts of direct current was passed for 1 hour. In cases in which chemotherapy was performed, single or combined anticancer agents consisted of ADM and BLM were administered simultaneously with DC therapy by systemic route. Ten cases (11 tumors) out of 15 cases received no other local treatment. Histological examination was performed in 6 of 11 lesions, and in all lesions pathological therapeutic effects were recognized. Decrease in tumor size was observed in 9 lesions. In 2 cases the tumors disappeared completely after DC therapy only. In one case receiving DC therapy with chemotherapy, the tumor decreased dramatically and became resectable. Main complications were slight pain during treatment and slight fever after treatment, but special treatment for these complications was not necessary. Our results suggested that DC therapy with or without systemic chemotherapy was useful for local control of malignant tumors. And also if DC therapy had been performed simultaneously with chemotherapy the therapeutic effects seemed to be more emphasized than single use of these therapies.     

松龄血脉康抑制肺动脉高压的实验研究

为观察松龄血脉康胶囊对肺动脉高压大鼠肺动脉压的影响，取１００只健康Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠，其中６０只背部注射野百合碱ｍｏｎｏｃｒｏｔａｌｉｎｅ，ＭＣＴ８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ复制出肺动脉高压模型。再将其分为两组，各３０只，其中一组以标准饲料喂养，另一组加用松龄血脉康胶囊１．５ｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１。其余４０只健康大鼠做为正常对照组，在实验当天、７天、１４天、２１天、２８天、３５天从各组中随机抽取５只行右心导管测肺动脉压。结果：注射ＭＣＴ后肺高压组２８天时达高峰，但加用松龄血脉康组上升幅度明显小于未用药组。结论：松龄血脉康有显著抑制大鼠肺动脉高压发展的作用     

甲基强的松龙对低温保存大鼠肝脏的保护作用

应用Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠肝脏离体灌流模型，用ＣＭＵ—１号液，含有甲基强的松龙的ＣＭＵ—１号液，以及缺血前预用甲基强的松龙后再用ＣＭＵ—１号液分别对肝脏进行灌洗保存。检测ＬＤＨ、ＡＬＴ、肝组织匀浆ＳＯＤ活性和ＭＤＡ含量，并观察肝组织结构。结果表明：甲基强的松龙对低温保存的离体大鼠肝脏具有保护作用     

卡介苗激活杀伤细胞抗膀胱肿瘤作用研究

为了进一步探讨ＢＣＧ抗膀胱肿瘤的作用机理，采取１５例膀胱肿瘤患者外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ），置于含ＢＣＧ或ＩＬ２的培养基中培养，计算扩增倍数，检测培养细胞抗自体及异体膀胱癌细胞活性。结果：卡介苗激活杀伤细胞（ＢＡＫ）与淋巴因子激活杀伤细胞（ＬＡＫ）分别于培养第７和第３天达增殖高峰，对自体瘤杀伤率分别为３６．２％和３１．４％，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；对异体瘤杀伤率分别为２５．２％和２８．３％，差异无显著性。结果表明：ＢＡＫ细胞抗自体瘤活性高于ＬＡＫ细胞，死ＢＣＧ对ＰＢＭＣ无激活作用，ＢＡＫ细胞抗肿瘤效应可能是ＢＣＧ抗膀胱肿瘤重要作用机理之一。