家兔胸部火器伤后各组织中TNF-α表达意义

目的 用免疫组织化学方法检测家兔胸部火器伤后各组织中TNF-α的表达,探讨其伤后表达变化规律。方法 64只家兔随机均分8组,除正常对照组外均用5.56mm小口径步枪距离6m射击兔右下胸第八肋间锁骨中线外1cm处造成前后胸贯通伤,经指袢排气及消毒缝闭胸壁伤口等简单救治,致伤7组家兔分为伤后0.5,1,6,24和72h,7d,30d取材组,每只均取伤肺距伤道2mm处、1cm处,邻叶中部、与伤道对应的对侧肺处、左室壁、肝肾、脑、垂体、肾上腺取组织标本,行免疫组织化学染色检测组织TNF－α表达。结果 伤后0.5h各组织中TNF－α表达即升高（P＜0.01）,6h已达高峰,持续数天,7d后降低,30d后与伤前无明显差别。不同时间组同一组织TNF－α表达定位基本相同,而表达强度有所不同。结论 家兔胸部火器伤后各组织中TNF－α表达明显升高并与损伤时间密切相关,同一组织TNF－α表达定位基本相同,TNF-α在各组织中表达强度一定程度上反映了动物伤情。     

卵巢恶性肿瘤VEGF mRNA和bFGF mRNA的表达及其意义

应用原位分子杂交技术研究卵巢恶性肿瘤组织中VEGFmRNA和bFGFmRNA的表达及其意义。结果发现 :浆液性腺癌和内胚窦癌两者表达阳性率高于粘液性腺癌和颗粒细胞瘤 ;临床分期Ⅰ期和未转移病例两者表达阳性率低于临床分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期和转移病例。结果提示VEGFmRNA和bFGFmRNA表达与卵巢恶性肿瘤病理类型、临床分期和转移发生关系密切 ,阳性表达者可能预后较差。     

研究人机应用语言学

人际应用语言学与人机应用语言学的主要区别在于前者的研究是给人际交往用的 ,后者是给人机对话用的。人机应用语言学研究中课题的选择应为计算机服务 ,应该适应信息革命的挑战     

卵巢癌患者手术前后IL-2,sIL-2R及mIL-2R水平改变的临床意义

探讨卵巢癌患的细胞状态以及ＩＬ－２血清游离白细胞介素－２受体,外周血单个核细胞膜结构型白细胞介素－２受体与临床的关系。方法＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ参入法测３１例卵巢癌患ＩＬ－２产生水平,ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平,ＡＰＡＡＰ免疫组化检测外周血单个核细胞膜结合型ＩＬ－２Ｒ表达细胞。     

45例肾血管肌脂瘤的治疗

目的：探讨肾血管肌脂瘤的治疗方法。方法：４５例患者中２３例未作特殊治疗;６例超选择性动脉栓塞治疗、７例行肿瘤剜除术或肾部分切除术、９例行全肾切除术。结果：随访２１例,平均随访时间３．６ａ。未作特殊治疗的病例中未发现肿瘤破裂出血,２便肿瘤体积增大但我症状;超选择性动脉栓塞病例无症状复发、无破裂出血、肾功能稳定。手术患者均保持肾功能稳定,无肿瘤复发。结论：对本病采取保守性治疗原则。超选择肾动脉栓塞是简     

Release of [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine from the intermediate area of rat thoracic spinal cord is modulated by presynaptic autoreceptors

Serotonin (5-HT) nerve terminals innervate sympathetic preganglionic neurons of the intermediolateral cell column (IML); however, neither the depolarization-induced release of 5-HT nor the presence of presynaptic modulatory autoreceptors have been directly studied in this system. We used in vitro superfusion of the microdissected intermediate area (including the intermediolateral cell column, intercalated nucleus, and central autonomic nucleus) of the rat thoracic spinal cord to measure basal and stimulated release of preloaded [³H]5-HT. Elevated K⁺ evoked a concentration- and Ca²⁺ dependent release of [³H]5-HT. Exogenous 5-HT and the 5-HT_1B agonist, CGS-12066B, both decreased the K⁺-stimulated release of [³H]5-HT. A 5-HT_1B antagonist (methiothepin) blocked the 5-HT- and the CGS-12066B-induced inhibition of K⁺-evoked release of [³H]5-HT. A 5-HT_1A antagonist (NAN-190) did not alter the inhibitory actions of exogenous 5-HT. Moreover, a 5-HT_1A agonist (8-OH-DPAT), a 5-HT_2A/2C agonist [(+/-)-DOI hydrochloride], and a 5-HT₃ agonist (2-methyl-5-HT) did not alter the K⁺ evoked release of [³H]5-HT. These data demonstrate that 5-HT is released from the intermediate area of the rat thoracic spinal cord. The 5-HT receptor subtype involved in the inhibition of the evoked release of [³H]5-HT is of the 5-HT_1B subtype. These findings may help clarify the complex role of 5-HT in spinal regulation of the sympathetic nervous system. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc

1 This article is US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.

     

Effects of coexisting neurochemicals on the release of serotonin from the intermediate area of rat thoracic spinal cord

Serotonin (5-HT), substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) coexist in the nerve terminals of the intermediolateral cell column (IML) of the thoracic spinal cord. The Ca2⁺-dependent release of 5-HT from the microdissected intermediate area (including the IML) of the rat thoracic spinal cord, and the 5-HT_1B autoreceptor regulator of 5-HT release, were previously demonstrated. In this paper, the effects of SP, NKA, TRH, and/or their analogs on the release of [³H]5-HT from the intermediate area were investigated using an in vitro superfusion system. Both SP (the endogenous ligand for neurokinin-1 (NK₁) receptor) and an NK₁, agonist (GR 73632) significantly increased the basal release of [³3H]5-HT. SP and GR 73632 did not change the K⁺-stimulated release of [³H]5-HT. The effect of the NK₁ agonist on the basal release of [³H]5-HT was dose-dependent, was reduced by an NK₁ antagonist (GR 82334), and was not dependent on extracellular Ca²⁺. Neither NKA, an NK₂, agonist (GR 64349), nor a TRH analog (MK-771) altered the basal or stimulated release of [³H]5-HT. These data suggest that basal release of 5-HT from the intermediate area of the rat thoracic spinal cord is regulated by SP (acting through an NK₁ receptor), but not by NKA or TRH. These results provide evidence for the role of SP as a modulator of serotoninergic neurons in the intermediate area of the thoracic spinal cord, and may help to clarify the role of coexisting neurochemicals in the spinal regulation of the sympathetic nervous system. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

1 This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.

     

Human papillomaviruses and papillomatosis lesions of the female lower genital tract

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are involved in the development of papillomatosis lesions of the lower female genital tract.Methods: A total of 616 biopsy specimens of genital papillomatous lesions (307 nodular and 309 papular types) from 598 patients were anaylyzed for the presence of HPV DNA sequences by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These specimens were also examined by histopathological assessment for characteristic HPV-associated cytological changes, by immunohistochemical staining for HPV-associated antigen, and by electron microscopy for the presence of virions.Results: HPV DNA sequences were found in 97.9% (140 of 143 cases) and 1.1% (1 of 91 cases) of the nodular and papular papillomatosis cases tested, respectively. In 18 patients who had both types of papillomatosis lesions, HPV DNA was invariably found only in nodular tissues. HPV-associated antigen, koilocytosis, and virions were found in 53.6% (98 of 183 cases), 70.5% (129 of 183 cases), and 5.9% (5 of 85 cases) of nodular papillomatosis lesions tested, respectively.Conclusions: These data suggest that nodular papillomatosis was closely associated with HPV infection, but that papular papillomatosis of the lower female genital tract may have an etiology other than HPV infection.     

Increased expression of transferrin receptors and iron in amoeboid microglial cells in postnatal rats following an exposure to hypoxia

This study was aimed to ascertain the effects of hypoxia on regulation of iron in the brain of newborn rats. At 3 h and 1 day after hypoxic exposure transferrin receptor expression as detected immunohistochemically with the antibody OX-26, and the iron content as shown by Perls' staining of amoeboid microglial cells was markedly increased. The induced changes, however, were not evident at 10 min and in longer surviving rats killed at 3 and 7 days. It is suggested that the upregulation of transferrin receptor expression coupled with iron uptake by amoeboid microglial cells in the periventricular regions is a protective mechanism to facilitate the sequestration of excess iron that may have been released either from the iron-rich oligodendrocytes, or accumulated due to a disruption of its normal transportation following the hypoxic insult. This would help protect the brain from harmful effects of iron.     

Evaluation of the cushion setting on performance of a Biodex II dynamometer

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of the soft cushion setting with those of the hard cushion setting of a Biodex II isokinetic dynamometer on peak velocity and peak torque with six loads at 23 preset speeds. DESIGN: Mixed within- and between-groups, repeated-measures design. SETTING: Research laboratory of a physical therapy education program. INTERVENTIONS: Each load was strapped onto the right knee attachment of the dynamometer and was dropped through a 100 degrees arc of motion five times at each preset speed using the soft and hard cushion settings. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Peak velocity, peak torque, time to peak velocity, time to peak torque. RESULTS: Peak velocity was significantly influenced by the cushion setting, the weight dropped, and the preset speed. Maximal peak velocity achieved was 400 degrees/sec. Peak torque was influenced significantly by the cushion setting, the load, and the preset speed. Maximal peak torque measured was 34.99 kg-m. CONCLUSION: The rotating shaft of Biodex II dynamometer moved at a slower speed through the entire arc of motion at the soft cushion setting and often failed to achieve a constant, preset speed. Peak torque measured using the soft cushion setting was more variable and therefore questionable.