髌股关节软骨退变程度对单髁置换术后效果的影响

目的探讨髌股关节软骨退变程度对内侧活动平台单髁置换术短期疗效的影响。 方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年12月在深圳市人民医院因前内侧骨关节炎行内侧活动平台单髁置换或全膝关节置换术的75例患者资料,依据术中探查髌股关节软骨退变情况分为无退变单髁组(无退变组)、内侧退变单髁组(内侧退变组)、内外退变单髁组(内外退变组)和内外退变全膝组(全膝组)。单因素方差分析对比4组患者术前术后牛津大学膝关节评分(OKS)、美国特种外科医院(HSS)评分、骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分,并记录终末随访时有无假体松动、脱位、力线改变等情况。 结果所有患者获得随访,随访时间平均(36±10)个月。4组患者术后OKS评分、HSS评分、WOMAC评分较术前均有改善(F＝18.555,P<0.001;F＝5.867,P＝0.001;F＝22.671,P<0.001);术前术后OKS、HSS、WOMAC评分差值,无退变组与内侧退变组之间差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),内外退变组与无退变组、内侧退变组相比,功能改善程度稍差(均为P<0.05),内外退变组与全膝组之间OKS、HSS、WOMAC评分差值差异无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。所有病例于末次随访时无假体松动、脱位、力线改变。 结论内侧髌股关节软骨退变对内侧活动平台单髁置换术后疗效影响不大,但面对外侧髌股关节软骨退变时则需慎重,此时选择单髁或是全膝,需个性化考虑。     

局部切除胰体尾联合血管切除重建治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效分析

目的:探讨局部切除胰体尾联合血管切除重建手术治疗晚期胰腺癌的效果。方法:将2010年—2012年收治的58例胰腺体部及体尾部晚期胰腺癌患者分为观察组和对照组,观察组患者采用局部切除胰体尾联合血管切除重建手术治疗后配合化疗,对照组仅接受化疗,比较两组患者的临床治疗效果与生存情况并分析预后因素。结果:两组患者的一般资料具有可比性;与对照组比较,观察组的客观有效率(44.9%vs.6.9%)、疾病控制率(82.8%vs.55.2%)明显升高(均P0.05);半年生存率(79.3%vs.48.3%)、1年生存率(55.2%vs.17.2%)、平均生存时间(17.6个月vs.10.3个月)、总生存率和无进展生存率均明显增加(均P0.05);两组患者的不良反应发生率差异无统计学差异(P0.05);单因素分析结果显示,肿瘤分期、有无淋巴/血管转移是胰腺癌患者无进展生存的影响因素(均P0.05)。结论:对于可以采取手术治疗的晚期胰腺癌患者而言,采用局部切除胰体尾联合血管切除重建手术疗效良好,可推荐应用。     

Synthesis of obeticholic acid,a farnesoid X receptor agonist,and its major metabolites labeled with deuterium

Simple and facile methods for the synthesis of deuterium‐labeled obeticholic acid and its 2 metabolites, glycine and taurine conjugates of obeticholic acid, are described herein. The 3 deuterated compounds were applicable for use as internal standards in drug development.     

Three new flavanoids from artificially induced dragon’s blood of Dracaena cambodiana

Three new flavanoids, (2R)-7,4′-dihydroxy-8-methylflavan (1), (2R)-7,4′-dihydroxy-6-methylflavan (2), and (3R)-7,3′,4′-trihydroxyhomoisoflavan (3), together with seven known compounds (4–10), were isolated from artificially induced dragon’s blood of Dracaena cambodiana, and their structures were determined based on HR-ESI-MS and extensive spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, 1D-, and 2D-NMR). Compound 2 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against BEL-7402 cells line with the IC₅₀ value of 39.2 μM. In addition, compound 3 showed significant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity.     

A gut microbiota score predicting acute graft‐versus‐host disease following myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Although studies have reported that intestinal microbiota are associated with acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD), they lacked a satisfactory method for predicting aGVHD. We collected stool and blood samples at day 15 posttransplant from 150 patients from two centers who underwent myeloablative conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). Stool microbiota were detected by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing; inflammatory factors and T lymphocytes were detected by multiplex immunoassays and flow cytometry, respectively. A gut microbiota score (GMS) from a LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) model was developed and validated to predict aGVHD. In the discovery cohort, the GMS could predict II‐IV aGVHD (area under the receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve [AUC] = 0.904, P < .0001). Furthermore, the validation model was consistent with the discovery set (AUC = 0.887, P < .0001). Regulatory T/T‐helper 17 (Treg/Th17) cells ratio in the low GMS subgroup was higher compared with the high GMS (P = .012), and the validation set is consistent with the discovery set (P = .003). In addition, high cytokine levels were associated with high GMS. In conclusion, the GMS at neutrophil engraftment could predict aGVHD, and it was a potential and novel method. The GMS was associated with the inflammatory factor and Treg/Th17 balance.     

中文版SARC-F量表在社区老年人群中的应用研究

目的 汉化和验证Sarcopenia-Five（肌肉减少症五条目,SARC-F）量表,为社区老年人肌肉减少症筛查提供简便有效的测评工具。 方法 将SARC-F量表进行翻译修订,邀请6名专家进行内容效度评定,调查340名社区老年人进行结构效度、效标效度、特异度及灵敏度测评。 结果 中文版SARC-F量表的Cronbach′s α系数为0.803,重测信度为0.821;探索性因子分析提取1个公因子,方差累积贡献率为56.871%;验证性因子分析结构模型拟合良好（χ2/df=1.767,CFI=0.992,GFI=0.990,NFI=0.983,TLI=0.985,RMSEA=0.048）;与四肢骨骼肌质量指数的效标关联效度r=-0.796,P＜0.01。男性的临界点为4.5,特异度97.2%,灵敏度76.9%;女性的临界点为5.5,特异度95.1%,灵敏度71.4%。 结论 中文版SARC-F量表信效度良好,特异度较高,可用于社区老年人肌肉减少症的初步筛查。     

基于深度学习情感分类模型的个性化抑郁症护理策略

目的 探讨人工智能技术在个性化抑郁症护理中的应用,实现精准护理以加速抑郁症患者的康复。方法 将60例抑郁症患者按病种和病情分层随机分配为对照组和观察组各30例.对照组采用传统护理方法;观察组采用基于深度学习情感分类模型分类后的个性化护理方案,即利用脑电图像（EEG）采集设备获取大量带标记的脑电信号数据构建EEG情感训练库,标记抑郁症类型;通过深度学习情感分类模型识别抑郁症患者EEG信号对应的情感类别;根据其识别结果,采取相应的个性化护理措施。对两组患者在住院期间进行等间隔的抑郁量化评估和护理满意率调查。结果 干预4周时,观察组汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和自评抑郁量表（SDS）的评分显著低于对照组（均P<0.05）;观察组干预8周时的康复率高于对照组,但两组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 基于深度学习情感分类模型的个性化护理方法能显著缓减患者的抑郁程度,加快抑郁症患者的康复速度。     

经直肠超声引导下前列腺活检直肠出血原因的探讨

目的探讨经直肠超声引导下前列腺活检直肠大出血的原因,达到预防其发生的目的。方法研究经直肠超声引导下前列腺活检术直肠大出血的原因,分析年龄、针数、部位、病种、压迫、活动等因素与直肠出血的关系。结果895例患者共进行前列腺活检6983针,148针单针出血量大于10ml,单针出血量与前列腺树枝状血管处活检及同一部位再次活检有关,阳性活检出血率分别为9.09%、12.90%;保护前列腺后包膜完整、有效压迫、减少活动能防止直肠出血的发生;直肠出血与年龄、针数及病种无明显相关。结论经直肠超声前列腺活检时应注意保护前列腺后包膜完整,采取有效压迫,穿刺部位尽量避开树枝状血管处,同一部位尽可能不进行第2次活检等措施可有效防止术中、术后直肠大出血。