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51.
目的了解目前我国创伤临床病例研究的主要应用手段和研究水平。方法对中华骨科学会创伤学组2002年年会投稿临床病例研究稿件进行总结分析,对稿件论述的研究范围、研究对象、病例数量、骨折分类、研究方法、随访评价、统计分析应用等方面进行统计研究。结果大会收到225篇稿件。其中随访临床病例报告180篇。报告病例1万多例、范围广,包括了当前主要的临床治疗方法。回顾性研究中,对临床资料进行统计学分析的论文仅占少数(6.1%)。对骨折分类方法及临床随访结果评价标准不统一,欠规范。无前瞻性研究报告。结论创伤临床病例研究方法有待进一步改进。 相似文献
52.
53.
Xin Mei Jiang Akio Ohnishi Tatsunori Yamamoto Yoshiyuki Murai Akira Awaya Masato Ikeda 《Acta neuropathologica》1995,90(2):130-134
One of the pyrimidine compounds, 2-piperadino-6-methyl-5-oxo-5,6-dihydro(7H)pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (MS-818), has neurotropic effects in vitro. Therefore, we studied the effect of MS-818 on the regeneration of the peroneal nerve in C57BL/6J mice after a crush injury. Two test groups, which received a daily intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg MS-818, respectively, were compared with controls, which received daily intraperitoneal injections of physiological saline, over a 14-day period. The maximum foot-width ratio (crushed side/uncrushed side) was obtained on days 1, 8 and 14 after the crush injury, and the various morphometric parameters were evaluated at both 5 and 10 mm distal to the proximal portion of the crush site. The significant effects of MS-818 included a larger maximum foot width (P<0.04) and a greater number of unmyelinated axons per nerve at both levels (P<0.003) in both test groups than in controls. MS-818 had no significant effects on body weight, the increase of total transverse fascicular area after the crush injury, the total number of myelinated fibers with their size distributions, or the number of nuclei of Schwann cells and macrophages. Therefore, we conclude that MS-818 promotes axonal sprouting and elongation after a crush injury in mice. 相似文献
54.
J. de Pedro-Cuesta V. Abraira G.-X. Jiang G. Solders S. Fredrikson 《Acta neurologica Scandinavica》1996,93(2-3):175-183
Using hierarchical cluster analysis, applied to 47 cases of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) incident in South-West Stockholm (SWS) during the period from January 1973 to June 1992, we identified three major clinicoepidemiological subgroups. The first subgroup, 25.5% of the cases (26.7 ± 6.7 years), recorded a peak incidence at ages 20–29 years and presented significant differences from other subgroups, a high proportion of cases with onset at low age preceded by respiratory infection (83.3%) and with normal motor conduction velocity (50.0%). Also found, were less affected biological parameters, a rapidly progressive course and independence in gait at one month after onset. A second subgroup, 27.7% of cases, was severely affected, clinically and functionally. It consisted predominantly of young individuals (22.7 ± 11.1 years), with a high incidence (69.2% of cases) in autumn. A third subgroup, comprising 40.47; of cases, was older (61.1 ± 11.0 years) and, in general, also severely affected. The incidence of this form appeared to be invariant with time. 相似文献
55.
OBJECTIVE: To understand the role of nasal mucous epithelial cells to hypoxia in early stage of nasal polyps(NP) formation. METHODS: Epithelial cells of NP and inferior turbinate (IT) were cultured without serum under normal oxygen and hypoxia, and stimulus of inflammatory cytokines. Erythropoietin (EPO) was regarded as hypoxia mark, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) mRNA and protein derived from epithelial cells were detected respectively by in situ hybridization and ELISA. RESULTS: 1. Under hypoxia, EPO mRNA was expressed intensely in epithelial cells from NP and IT, and there was no significant difference between both of them. This result suggested that EPO might be regarded as a hypoxic mark. 2. The ability of producing VEGF mRNA increased with cytokines stimulation, especially under hypoxia. Protein level of VEGF from epithelial cells of NP and IT increased with cytokines stimulation, especially in hypoxia and was time-dependent. CONCLUSION: Epithelial cells actively produce vast VEGF under hypoxia. The VEGF induced by hypoxia of the mucosa in middle meatus is of importance in the formation of nasal polyps(NP) in early stage, which may be the major cause of NP formation in middle meatus. 相似文献
56.
目的 对胸腰段脊柱脊髓,马尾神经损伤患者的外科治疗及几种内固定方法的疗效进行探讨。方法 对166例患者的治疗进行回顾分析。该组患者中椎体爆裂性骨折37例,椎体压缩骨折超二分之一109例,椎体骨折脱位14例,多节段或跳跃骨折6例,脊髓损伤按Frankel分级,A级59例,B级46例,C级42例,D级19例,治疗采用后路减压复位122例,前路减压复位,髂骨植骨融合44例。结果 术后123例获3-18个月随访,随访患者中随4例RF钉断裂,5例Harrington上钩脱落,6例棍断裂,其余患者内固定稳固,脊髓,马尾神经恢复,除35例仍为A级外,余脊髓神经功能恢复1-3个级别。结论 各种不同内固定可保持或增强脊柱的稳定,胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤的外科治疗应根据骨折类型,脊髓及马尾神经损伤程度选择手术入路及内固定材料。 相似文献
57.
目的:观察肝癌形成过程中明胶酶表达(蛋白及mRNA水平)的动态变化,探索明胶酶在肝癌生长浸润中的作用。方法:应用免疫组化法、明胶酶谱法和RT-PCR法对大鼠肝癌形成过程中各期明胶酶表达情况进行观察,并与正常对照组进行比较分析。结果:正常肝组织及肝硬化组织内明胶酶有表达,肝癌形成后主要在癌细胞内表达;明胶酶原在正常肝组织中有低表达,诱癌过程中呈持续增高趋势;明胶酶-2mRNA与其酶蛋白表达趋向一致。结论:在肝癌形成过程中明胶酶转录和翻译水平均呈持续增高趋势。 相似文献
58.
目的:对桂枝的化学成分进行系统研究。方法:利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,并根据理化常数和光谱解析(UV,IR,MS,NMR)鉴定各化合物结构。从桂枝95%乙醇浸膏的氯仿和乙酸乙酯部分中,共分离得到11个化合物。结果:分别鉴定为:肉桂酸(I)、2-甲氧基肉桂酸(Ⅱ)、1,4-二苯基-丁二酮(Ⅲ)、香豆素(Ⅳ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅴ)、丁香醛(Ⅵ)、5α,8α-过氧化麦角甾醇(Ⅶ)、2-甲氧基苯甲酸(Ⅷ)、6β-羟基-4-烯-3-豆甾酮(Ⅸ)、原儿茶酸(Ⅹ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅺ)。结论:化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅷ为首次从天然界分离得到,化合物Ⅶ为首次从高等植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅵ、Ⅸ为首次从本属植物中分离得到。 相似文献
59.
PGA指数和透明质酸在诊断慢性乙肝肝纤维化中的价值 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:寻找一种简便实用的诊断慢性乙型肝炎纤维化的方法。方法:以78例经肝穿刺病理证实的慢性乙型肝炎为对象,测定并比较了由PT、GGT、ApoA1组成的PGA指数和HA、LN、PⅢP、C-IV与肝内纤维化程度(S)和炎症活动度(G)的关系。结果:(1)LN、PⅢP、C-IV在轻度慢性乙肝时无明显升高,在中度慢性乙肝时明显高于正常,但与轻度慢性乙肝无差异,而PGA指数和HA不仅在轻度慢性乙肝时显著升高,而且在轻中度间差异明显.因重度慢性乙肝和活动性肝硬化时,五项指标均显著增高。(2)在G2-4期,HA、LN、PⅢP、C-IV均明显高升,但在G1期,只有PGA指数高于正常,且各期间差异显著。(3)在S1-2期,只有PGA指数、HA、C-IV明显上升,但C-IV的上升幅度远低于PGA指数和HA。(4)加以PGA>4.5或HA>200μg/L作为判断临界值,则两者判断肝纤维化的敏感性均>94%,精确性>91%,特异性>86%,如两者结合,则分别达到98.3%、95.2%和96.4%。结论:PGA指数和HA均是反映慢性乙型肝炎患者肝内纤维化程度的良好指标,两者联合检测则可达到最大的价值效益比。 相似文献
60.
保留肾单位手术治疗早期小肾癌21例临床分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yao-Jun Xiao Shao-Bin Zheng Wan-Long Tan Tong Chen Huan Qi Zhi-Qiang Shao Yao-Dong Jiang Peng Wu Hui-Jian Zhang 《第一军医大学学报》2005,25(3):357-359
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effects of nephron-sparing surgery in patients with early-stage small renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: Nephron-sparing surgery was performed in 21 patients with renal cell carcinoma including 1 with solitary kidney, 3 with unilateral tumor and contralateral renal compromise, and 17 with unilateral tumor and normal contralateral kidney. The diameter of the tumors ranged from 1.5 to 6.0 cm, with a mean of 2.8 cm. The tumor diameter in 17 patients with normal contralateral kidney was less than 4 cm (mean 2.5 cm) and the average diameter in 4 patients with contralateral renal compromise was 4.2 cm. Sixteen cases were in stage T(1), 4 in stage T(2), and 1 in stage T(3). Of the 21 patients, 4 underwent tumor enucleation, 10 polar nephrectomy and 7 wedge resection. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for an average of 40.8 months (7 to 66 months). One patient suffered a right lung and mediastinum metastasis 3 years after the surgery later and 1 with chronic glomerulonephritis required dialysis 27 months after the operation. No surgical complication or local recurrence were found in other patients. CONCLUSION: As a safe and effective therapy for early-stage small renal cell carcinoma, nephron-sparing surgery can be considered as the gold-standard therapy for patients with lesions less than 4 cm in T(1) and T(2) stages of localized unilateral tumor with normal contralateral kidney. 相似文献