超声引导经皮微波消融治疗早期原发性肝癌的远期疗效

目的评价经皮微波消融治疗早期肝细胞肝癌患者的远期疗效。方法自1994年5月至2004年6月,216例直径≤5.0 cm的原发肝细胞肝癌患者共275个结节进行了经皮微波消融治疗(男性193例,女性23例;平均年龄54.68岁),所有病例均在我院诊治并签署知情同意书同意接受微波治疗。分析了肿瘤完全坏死率、远期生存率、复发率及并发症。结果本组平均随访期为40个月±24个月(6~127个月)。随访中159例(73.61%)存活,57例(26.39%)死亡。微波消融后95.64%(263/275)的肿瘤呈完全灭活,患者1、2、3、4和5年的累计生存率分别为94.87%、88.81%、80.44%、74.97%和68.63%。微波消融后1、2、3、4和5年的累计复发率分别为20.01%、32.04%、39.57%、44.97%和52.90%,3例发生较严重的并发症,包括针道种植1例,胆瘘2例,1例于治疗后一周死于肺部感染。结论超声引导经皮微波消融早期肝细胞肝癌在大部分病例可达到肿瘤完全坏死且并发症发生率较低,具有满意的远期临床疗效。     

TNF-α对人脐静脉内皮细胞中NO和eNOS的影响

目的 讨论肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF—α）对内皮细胞一氧化氮（NO）产生及内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）活性的影响。方法 以人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）为实验材料，检测与不同浓度TNF—α作用不同时间后．细胞培养上清液和细胞中NO水平的变化，以及细胞eNOS活性的改变。结果 （1）随着TNF—α浓度的升高，eNOS的活性减弱，而细胞和上清液中NO的含量增加；（2）随着干预时间的延长，eNOS的活性减弱；而细胞和上清液中NO的含量在作用24h后升高，且明显高于对照组；（3）L一单甲基精氨酸（L—NMMA）和地塞米松（DXM）均能阻断TNF-α引起的细胞和细胞上清中NO的表达增加。结论 TNF-α降低eNOS活性，却在高浓度和长时间作用后增加NO的合成，可能与激活诱导型一氧化氮合酶有关，因为NO的变化可以被L—NMMA和DXM阻断。     

孕母间断补铁对预防婴儿缺铁性贫血的作用观察

[目的]观察孕母间断补铁预防新生儿及婴儿缺铁性贫血（iron deficiency anemia,IDA）的作用.[方法]对预防组109例孕妇从孕20周开始进行两周一次的间断补铁,每次补充元素铁105mg,共8次,对照组109例不补铁剂.实验前后对两组孕妇血以及脐血检测血红蛋白质（Hb）、血清铁蛋白（SF）、红细胞锌原卟啉（ZPP）等指标.对两组婴儿随访6～12月,评估婴儿IDA的患病情况.[结果]实验前两组孕妇间Hb、SF、ZPP差异无显著性（P＞0.05）;实验结束后对照组各项指标均低于预防组,差异有非常显著性（P＜0.01）;预防组新生儿脐血SF值和出生体重高于对照组（P＜0.05）;预防组婴儿6月龄时Hb均数高于对照组（P＜0.05）.[结论]孕期间断补铁可明显改善孕妇及胎儿或新生儿铁营养状况,有利于减少婴儿IDA的发生.     

Causal influences in primate cerebral cortex during visual pattern discrimination

Anatomical studies of the visual cortex demonstrate the existence of feedforward, feedback and lateral pathways among multiple cortical areas. Yet relatively little evidence has previously been available to show the causal influences of these areas on one another during visual information processing. We simultaneously recorded event-related local field potentials (LFPs) from surface-to-depth bipolar electrodes at six sites in the ventral region of the right hemisphere visual cortex in a highly trained macaque monkey during performance of a visual pattern discrimination task. Applying a new statistical measure, the short-time directed transfer function (STDTF), to the LFP data set, we charted the changing strength and direction of causal influence between these cortical sites on a fraction-of-a-second time scale. We present results showing, for the first time, the dynamics of distinct feedforward, feedback and lateral influences in the ventral portion of the primate visual cortex during visual pattern processing.     

Voluntary sucrose ingestion, like corticosterone replacement, prevents the metabolic deficits of adrenalectomy

We tested whether corticosterone replacement causes increased sucrose drinking in adrenalectomized (ADX) rats compared to sham-ADX (sham) rats. ADX rats given high doses of corticosterone drank as much sucrose as sham rats, whereas at three lower doses of corticosterone, drinking was similar between groups and was only approximately 40% of that ingested by shams. Compared to sham rats, ADX rats drinking saline, or saline and saccharin, gain weight more slowly, contain less white adipose tissue, and have higher sympathetic outflow as assessed by uncoupling protein content in brown adipose tissue. Allowing sucrose as well as saline to drink restored all of these variables to normal in ADX rats with no- or low-corticosterone. All endpoints from sucrose-drinking ADX rats with no-or low-corticosterone were indistinguishable from those in water-drinking shams. By contrast, sucrose-drinking ADX rats that were given high doses of corticosterone exhibited the usual catabolic effects of corticosterone on body weight gain and, unlike sucrose-drinking shams, were obese. We conclude that (i) high corticosterone stimulates the potability of sucrose and inhibits sympathetic stimulation of uncoupling protein; (ii) sucrose, without corticosterone, normalizes metabolic deficits in ADX rats probably through actions mediated both peripherally and by the central nervous system; and (iii) ADX rats have a distinct sucrose appetite.     

我院2002～2004年降血脂药应用分析

随着人们生活水平的提高和饮食结构的改变，随着我国人民生活水平的提高和社会老龄化程度的增高，高脂血症（高脂蛋白症）的发生率不断上升，已成为一种常见性多发性疾病，而高脂血症是易致动脉粥样硬化的危险因素之一，动脉粥样硬化是机体衰老、血压升高、冠心病和脑血管病的危险因素。大量研究表明，调脂治疗可明显降低这些疾病的发病率及死亡率，成为临床常用的重要药物之一。本文报告了近3年（2002～2004年）我院主要降血脂药利用的动态变化，旨在为临床合理应用该类药物提供依据。     

原花青素防治心血管疾病的研究进展

原花青素因优异的抗氧化性能和显著的清除自由基能力而在多种心血管疾病发生、发展的各个阶段均显示确切的预防作用,是具有广阔发展前景的植物药     

脂质体载药系统与抗肿瘤药物

目的:介绍脂质体载药系统在抗肿瘤药物治疗中的应用.方法:采用文献综述方法,主要介绍普通脂质体和一些经过修饰后的脂质体作为药物载体的研究情况.结果:脂质体作为抗肿瘤药物的载体是可行的,可显著降低抗肿瘤药物的毒副作用,增加血药浓度并延长作用时间,还可明显提高抗肿瘤药物作用的靶向性.结论:脂质体是抗肿瘤药物的理想载体,在抗肿瘤治疗中有广泛的应用前景.     

低温透析对血液透析过程中低血压的干预研究

目的探讨透析液温度与盐浓度对血液透析过程中低血压的干预策略及临床疗效。方法选择常规接受血液透析时间超过6个月,有超过3/4透析次数中发生症状性低血压,同时收缩压下降至少25%和(或)收缩压低于100 mm Hg,需要药物干预的门诊患者4例。每个患者分别接受低温透析、常温标准透析各3次,监测患者的平均动脉压(MAP),数据用Microsoft Excel登记汇总,用SSPS 13.0软件进行单样本t检验分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果两组病例透析中、透析后的MAP进行方差分析,各组在P<0.05水平上差异有统计学意义。结论低温透析改善患者对超滤的耐受性,有益于避免透析过程中低血压(IDH),显著减少了护理措施和医疗成本,患者对低温高盐透析感知正面积极,是一种简单、有益和经济的措施。