全文获取类型
收费全文 | 857607篇 |
免费 | 59861篇 |
国内免费 | 2489篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 11339篇 |
儿科学 | 26143篇 |
妇产科学 | 21148篇 |
基础医学 | 133243篇 |
口腔科学 | 23173篇 |
临床医学 | 78253篇 |
内科学 | 163164篇 |
皮肤病学 | 20336篇 |
神经病学 | 60939篇 |
特种医学 | 33436篇 |
外国民族医学 | 76篇 |
外科学 | 125186篇 |
综合类 | 16810篇 |
现状与发展 | 7篇 |
一般理论 | 238篇 |
预防医学 | 60579篇 |
眼科学 | 20427篇 |
药学 | 67079篇 |
3篇 | |
中国医学 | 3905篇 |
肿瘤学 | 54473篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 10107篇 |
2019年 | 8887篇 |
2018年 | 12094篇 |
2017年 | 9211篇 |
2016年 | 10858篇 |
2015年 | 13020篇 |
2014年 | 16929篇 |
2013年 | 23448篇 |
2012年 | 32715篇 |
2011年 | 33322篇 |
2010年 | 19736篇 |
2009年 | 17809篇 |
2008年 | 28923篇 |
2007年 | 30300篇 |
2006年 | 29949篇 |
2005年 | 28121篇 |
2004年 | 26853篇 |
2003年 | 24869篇 |
2002年 | 23590篇 |
2001年 | 40188篇 |
2000年 | 40467篇 |
1999年 | 33255篇 |
1998年 | 9104篇 |
1997年 | 7592篇 |
1996年 | 7837篇 |
1995年 | 7435篇 |
1994年 | 6792篇 |
1993年 | 6173篇 |
1992年 | 24343篇 |
1991年 | 24305篇 |
1990年 | 23504篇 |
1989年 | 23168篇 |
1988年 | 21056篇 |
1987年 | 20330篇 |
1986年 | 19345篇 |
1985年 | 18098篇 |
1984年 | 13274篇 |
1983年 | 11248篇 |
1982年 | 6280篇 |
1979年 | 11991篇 |
1978年 | 8490篇 |
1977年 | 7191篇 |
1976年 | 6908篇 |
1975年 | 7538篇 |
1974年 | 8836篇 |
1973年 | 8447篇 |
1972年 | 7955篇 |
1971年 | 7343篇 |
1970年 | 7085篇 |
1969年 | 6484篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
Streptolysin O enhances keratinocyte migration and proliferation and promotes skin organ culture wound healing in vitro 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marjana Tomic-Canic PhD ; Stephen W. Mamber PhD ; Olivera Stojadinovic MD ; Brian Lee MSc ; Nadezda Radoja PhD ; John McMichael PhD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2007,15(1):71-79
ML-05, a modified form of the hemolytic and cytotoxic bacterial toxin, streptolysin O, is currently being investigated as a treatment for collagen-related disorders such as scleroderma and fibrosis. Furthermore, ML-05 may be effective in promoting wound healing and alleviating the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. To investigate the effects of ML-05 on wound-healing processes, in vitro wound-healing scratch assays (using human primary epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts) and a human skin organ culture wound model were utilized. ML-05 markedly enhanced keratinocyte migration and proliferation in wound scratch assays. ML-05 did not affect either proliferation or migration of dermal fibroblasts, indicating that ML-05's effects on cell migration/proliferation may be keratinocyte-specific. ML-05 was tested in a dose-dependent manner in a skin organ culture wound model using two different application methods: Through the culture media (dermal exposure) or direct topical treatment of the wound surface. ML-05 was found to accelerate wound healing as measured by reepithelialization, particularly after topical application. Therefore, ML-05 may have potential as a wound-healing agent that promotes reepithelialization through stimulation of keratinocyte migration and proliferation. 相似文献
992.
Dong-Youn Lee MD PhD ; Jun-Mo Yang MD PhD ; Kwan-Hyun Park MD PhD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2007,15(6):936-939
We have recently developed a new dermal equivalent without exogenous materials by culturing dermal fibroblasts alone in serum-containing medium treated with several supplements. In this study, we investigated the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin on the formation of a dermal equivalent. After cultured dermal fibroblasts reached a confluence in serum-containing medium, they were treated with EGF or insulin. The combined effects of EGF and insulin were also studied. Macroscopically, in contrast to the culture without supplement, the addition of EGF or insulin produced a fibrous sheet. The combination of EGF and insulin showed a more marked effect than a single factor. Histologically, EGF or insulin alone induced a three-dimensional tissue containing several layers of fibroblasts. The combination of EGF and insulin produced a thicker tissue. It was composed of abundant extracellular matrix containing fibroblasts, suggesting a dermis-like tissue. It revealed collagen fibers by Masson-trichrome staining. Immunohistochemically, the components of dermal extracellular matrix such as type 1 collagen, elastin, and fibrillin-1 were diffusely expressed. Ultrastructurally, a large number of collagen fibrils with cross-striated patterns were found around the fibroblasts. These results showed that a dermal equivalent could be formed by culturing dermal fibroblasts alone postconfluently in serum-containing medium with EGF and insulin. They suggest that the two factors play an important role in the formation of a dermal equivalent. 相似文献
993.
994.
Urvashi Razdan R. M. Raizada V. N. Chaturvedi 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》2004,56(1):20-22
Objective To assess the efficacy of conservative modalities in the management of epistaxis.
Study design Prospective case studies.
Setting Rural medical college hospital.
Patients Indoor and outdoor patients with epistaxis.
lntervention Conservative(non surgical) management techniques in epistaxis.
Results Chemical cauterization was successful in 72.07% cases, anterior nasal packing in 84.5% and posterior nasal packing in 95.6%
cases.
Conclusion Out of 300 cases of epistaxis included in the study (except for one case that required internal maxillary artery ligation).
all cases were treated successfully with conservative treatment alongwith treating the underlying pathology causing epistaxis. 相似文献
995.
Oswens Siu Hung Lo Wai Lun Law Hok Kwok Choi Yee Man Lee Judy Wai Chu Ho Chi Leung Seto 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2007,392(2):173-178
OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to review the etiologies of patients who underwent surgery for small bowel obstruction (SBO) and to evaluate the risk factors affecting the early postoperative outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of 430 patients (252 men) with a mean age of 64.5 years, who underwent 437 operations for SBO, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Peritoneal adhesions and hernia were the most common causes of SBO, contributing 42.3 and 26.8% of all cases, respectively. Strangulation occurred in 27.7% and caused nonviable bowel in 13.0% of obstructing episodes. Old age (age >/= 70 years), female patient, nonadhesive obstruction, and hernia were the independent significant factors associated with bowel strangulation. The 30-day mortality was 6.5%, and the median postoperative hospital stay was 8 days. Old age, the presence of premorbid pulmonary disease, and malignant obstruction were the independent factors associated with operative mortality. The overall complication rate was 35.5%, and old age was the only significant factor associated with postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery for SBO is still associated with significant mortality and morbidity. As old age is significantly associated with an increased incidence of strangulation, operative mortality, and complications, this group of patients should be managed with extra cautions to avoid unfavorable outcome of surgery. 相似文献
996.
Introduction Traumatic tricuspid regurgitation secondary to blunt chest trauma has been reported in literature. We report our experience with a case of ‘Torrential Tricuspid Regurgitation’ following permanent pacemaker lead extraction which was successfully treated with tricuspid valve repair and annuloplasty. Report A 67 year old woman was treated for Sick sinus syndrome with permanent pacemaker implant. She had three generator changes for end of life and repositioning.Erosion of generator, led cardiologist to plan lead and generator extraction with the surgical backup. During lead extraction a small piece of papillary muscle was avulsed. The patient remained hemodynamically stable in the theatre. However in ward she developed right sided cardiac failure not responding to conservative therapy. A transthoracic echo (TTE) revealed torrential tricuspid regurgitation with a freely mobile posterior leaflet with attached chordae and avulsed papillary muscle.During surgery the tricuspid valve was successfully repaired and transesophageal (TOE) images showed trivial to mild tricuspid regurgitation at the end of repair procedure. Additional procedure also included ligation of both atrial appendages and implantation of epicardial leads and pacemaker. Patient made good recovery from operation. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge this is first report of repair of tricuspid valve in ‘Torrential Tricuspid Regurgitation’ following pacemaker lead extraction. We share our experience with tricuspid valve repair technique and annuloplasty. 相似文献
997.
Background It is estimated that skin cancers cost $33 million per annum to the New Zealand healthcare system. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the commonest types of non melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Anecdotal evidence indicates that there has been a doubling in the incidence of NMSCs in New Zealand over the last decade. Because of the high incidence mandatory reporting of NMSCs to the National Cancer Registry is not required. This lack of accurate data has led to poor health care policies and strategies including funding and workforce planning. Aims The aims of this study are to (1) present the latest statistics on NMSCs in New Zealand, including the incidence across different regions over the last decade, patient demographics, anatomic distribution of NMSCs, incidence and sites of metastasis, and disease‐specific survival; to (2) the histopathology of NMSCs, including surgical margins, histologic grade, and perineural, lymphatic, and vascular invasion; and (3) the relative role of different faculties treating NMSCs. Method This project has been approved by the multi‐centre ethics committee. A retrospective review was conducted from patients’ histology records from public and private pathology laboratories within defined catchment areas. Criterion for analysis is a confirmed diagnosis of NMSC treated surgically. A Microsoft Access database is created that will facilitate subsequent data retrieval and analysis. Results and Conclusion It is hoped that this up‐to‐date data will form the framework for the development of sound and sustainable healthcare policies of management of NMSCs including management strategies and workforce planning, and research direction on this common disease. 相似文献
998.
M. Pickard E. P. Dewar R. C. Kapadia R. B. N. Khan I. F. Hutchinson A. Nejim 《Colorectal disease》2007,9(3):203-206
OBJECTIVE: The publication of the BSG guidelines in 2002 provided a framework for the follow up of patients with colorectal polyps. The aim of the present study was to determine whether they had, or were being correctly adhered to in a moderately sized District General Hospital. METHOD: A total of 598 patients were on the waiting list for colonoscopy at Airedale General Hospital (AGH) in February 2005. Of these, 203 were being followed up as a result of the previous finding of a polyp. RESULTS: Only 14.8% of patients had been or were being followed up according to the BSG guidelines. The majority of the 85.2% of patients who did not comply with follow up did so as a result of over investigation. Seventy-eight per cent of the low-risk group and 55% of the intermediate-risk group had been colonoscoped, or were waiting to have colonoscopy, too soon or too frequently according to the BSG guidelines. Twenty-four patients with hyperplastic polyps were being followed up incorrectly, as were 17 patients discovered to have a polyp pathology on flexible sigmoidoscopy. It was established that 131 extra colonoscopies had been, or were planned to be performed unnecessarily. CONCLUSION: These data have major implications with regard to patient safety, service provision and cost to the NHS. 相似文献
999.
1000.
K H Orend N Zarbis H Schelzig G Halter G Lang L Sunder-Plassmann 《European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery》2007,34(6):666-672
OBJECTIVES: To present a single centers' 7-year experience in the endovascular treatment of acute traumatic lesions of the descending thoracic aorta (ATL of the DTA). MATERIALS & METHODS: Between March 1999 and December 2006, 34 consecutive acute traumatic lesions of the descending aorta (23 men, mean age 44 years) were treated endovascularly. Stentgrafts used were TAG Excluder, Zenith TX2 and Talent. In 23 patients the Left Subclavian Artery (LSA) was covered. Mean procedural duration was 20 to 75 minutes. RESULTS: Exclusion of the rupture site was achieved in all cases with no conversion to open surgery. Overall 30-day mortality was 8.8%. Two patients died on post operative day (pod) 1 and one on pod 22 from cranial injuries. No death or neurological deficit related to the endovascular treatment was reported. Four type I endoleaks required treatment either by balloon reexpansion (n=2) or by additional stentgraft implantation (n=2). In two patients the stentgraft collapsed totally several days postoperatively. Two patients required secondary surgical procedures (iliac access complication and revascularisation of the left subclavian artery n=1). The average follow-up was 43.8 months (1-93 months). No stentgraft related abnormality has been subsequently documented. CONCLUSIONS: The endovascular treatment of ATL of the DTA may offer the best means of therapy in a polytrauma patient. 相似文献