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排序方式: 共有596条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
591.
JD COLLIER MK BENNETT MF BASSENDINE R. LENDRUM 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》1995,10(4):396-400
pS2 is a 60 amino acid secretory polypeptide which belongs to a newly described family of trefoil-shaped growth factors. It is widely distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, particularly adjacent to damaged mucosa, and is also expressed by some epithelial tumours such as breast carcinoma. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of pS2 in pancreatic cancer. The presence of pS2 was analysed immunohistochemically using two antibodies, a polyclonal (pNR-2) and a monoclonal (pS2TM) in 42 cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 10 cases of ampullary carcinoma. The findings were compared with chronic pancreatitis and normal pancreas. No immunostaining was seen in normal pancreas, with the exception of one area of ductular proliferation, and although 8/10 cases of chronic pancreatitis expressed pS2, it was focal and confined to the occasional duct. In contrast, a significant proportion of malignant cells in 23/42 (55%) of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 8/10 (80%) of ampullary tumours expressed immunoreactive pS2. The finding of pS2 expression in more than 50% of pancreatic and ampullary carcinomas in contrast to the findings seen in chronic pancreatitis and normal pancreas suggests that pS2 may play an important role in the growth of these highly malignant tumours. 相似文献
592.
The potential value of measurements of peripheral bone mass in rheumatoid
arthritis (RA) as an assessment of long-term disease activity has recently
received renewed attention. This study examines the effects of RA and
corticosteroid therapy on newer methods of measuring peripheral bone mass,
comparing the results with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at axial
sites. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the radius,
ultrasound of the calcaneus, and DXA of the hip and spine were compared
between 29 controls and 46 women with RA of whom 25 were receiving low-dose
corticosteroid therapy. Bone mass was significantly reduced in the RA
groups for: (i) radial trabecular (36.1%) and total (15.6%) measurement
sites; (ii) calcaneal ultrasound attenuation (31.7%) and velocity (6.6%);
and (iii) femoral neck (15.4%) bone mineral density. Lumbar spine and
radial cortical measurements were not significantly affected. There were no
significant differences between the RA groups. Disease activity and
physical activity did appear to be responsible for much of the reduction in
bone mass. These results demonstrate that RA is associated with significant
bone loss at the hip, radius and calcaneus, but not at the lumbar spine. In
this small study, low-dose corticosteroids had little additional
deleterious effect.
相似文献
593.
Effects of recombinant interleukin-2 administration on cytotoxic function following high-dose chemo-radiotherapy for hematological malignancy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gottlieb DJ; Prentice HG; Heslop HE; Bello-Fernandez C; Bianchi AC; Galazka AR; Brenner MK 《Blood》1989,74(7):2335-2342
Activated killer cells, unrestricted by major histocompatibility (MHC) antigens circulate in the peripheral blood of patients who have undergone autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) and may contribute to the reduced risk of leukemic relapse observed after these procedures. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) in vitro augments this cytotoxicity and used therapeutically might thereby promote the eradication of minimal residual disease. In order to assess whether these effects on cytotoxicity can be reproduced in vivo, we studied changes in number, phenotype, and MHC unrestricted cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from patients with hematologic malignancy receiving IL-2 infusions. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma were treated after cytotoxic chemotherapy or autologous BMT. IL-2 infusions produced an initial lymphopenia, followed by a progressive recovery in mononuclear cell numbers and a rebound lymphocytosis after the termination of treatment. This affected all lymphocyte subsets; in particular CD25 (IL-2 receptor) positive cell numbers rose sevenfold. Cells with the ability to kill a natural killer (NK)-resistant, lymphokine activated killer cell (LAK)-sensitive target appeared in the circulation during 16 of 19 infusions and mean LAK activity rose from 5.9% to 15.5% during infusion (E:T ratio, 50:1; P less than .001). During IL-2 infusion, cells present in the peripheral blood inhibited the growth of myeloid leukemia blasts in agar after overnight co-culture. Depletion experiments showed that LAK activity was mediated by cells of both CD3- CD16+ (NK derived) and CD3+ CD16- (T derived) subsets. LAK precursor activity in peripheral blood also significantly increased during IL-2 infusion. Increases in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) unrestricted cytotoxicity can be produced by IL-2 infusions in vivo and may result in improved relapse-free survival following chemotherapy or BMT. 相似文献
594.
Neelima Mishra Jai Prakash Narayan Singh Bina Srivastava Usha Arora Naman K Shah SK Ghosh RM Bhatt SK Sharma MK Das Ashwani Kumar Anupkumar R Anvikar Kamlesh Kaitholia Ruchi Gupta GS Sonal AC Dhariwal Neena Valecha 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》2012,90(12):895-904
Objective
To describe India’s National Antimalarial Drug Resistance Monitoring System, measure the efficacy of first-line malaria treatments, and determine risk factors for treatment failure.Methods
In 2009–2010, prospective studies with 28 days of follow-up were conducted at 25 sentinel sites. Patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum were given artesunate plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS+SP); those infected with P. vivax were given chloroquine. Polymerase chain reaction was used to distinguish post-treatment reinfection from treatment failure. Isolates of P. falciparum were checked for dhfr and dhps mutations.Findings
Overall, 1664 patients were enrolled. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed an efficacy of 98.8% for AS+SP. Most patients with P. falciparum parasitaemia cleared their parasitaemias within 24 hours of treatment initiation, but six, including four with treatment failure, remained parasitaemic after 72 hours. Double mutants in dhfr were found in 68.4% of the genotyped isolates. Triple or quadruple mutants in dhfr and mutations in dhps were rare. A daily dose of artesunate of < 3 mg per kg of body weight, age of less than 5 years, and fever at enrolment were associated with an increased risk of treatment failure. Chloroquine remained 100% efficacious and generally cleared P. vivax parasitaemias within 48 hours. Vomiting (seen in 47 patients) was the most common adverse event.Conclusion
India’s National Antimalarial Drug Resistance Monitoring System provides wide coverage. The first-line antimalarials used in the country remain safe and efficacious. The treatment of malaria in young children and the relative benefits of age- and weight-based dosing need further exploration. 相似文献595.
Comparative full genome analysis revealed E1: A226V shift in 2007 Indian Chikungunya virus isolates 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The resurgence of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in the form of unprecedented explosive epidemic after a gap of 32 years in India is a point of major public health concern. In 2007 again there was outbreak in Kerala, India, affecting more than 25,000 cases with many reported mortalities. To understand the molecular basis of this high virulence and its implication in large-scale epidemic, a detailed systematic serological, virological and molecular investigation was undertaken with the epidemic samples of Kerala-2007. The comparative analysis of full genome sequence of Chikungunya virus isolate of 2007 with 2006 revealed three unique substitutions in structural and non-structural genes of 2007 isolate [two in E1 region (V14A and A226V) and one in Nsp1 (M184T)]. Our finding further substantiates the association of A226V shift in E1 gene with evolutionary success possibly due to adaptation in the mosquito vector with progression of epidemic, as observed in Reunion Island. This A226V shift which was absent in all 2006 Indian isolates, is found to be present in the four 2007 isolates, analysed in this study. These unique molecular features of the 2007 isolates with the progression of the epidemic from 2005 to 2007 demonstrate their high evolutionary and epidemic potential and thereby suggesting possible implication in higher magnitude and virulence of this outbreak. 相似文献
596.