44例恶性胸膜间皮瘤临床分析

目的　探讨恶性胸膜间皮瘤的临床特点。方法　回顾分析我院 1 990年 1月 - 2 0 0 3年 6月病理确诊的 4 4例恶性胸膜间皮瘤患者的临床资料。结果　本组病例男 2 6例、女 1 8例 ,男∶女为 1 44∶1 ;年龄以4 0～ 6 0岁多见 (占 4 3 % ) ;农民 1 5例 ,工人 7例 ,退休人员 5例 ,无业 5例 ,其他职业 6例。所有病例均无明显石棉接触史。首发症状胸痛 34例 ,活动后呼吸困难 31例 ,咳嗽 2 7例。 4 3例胸部X线表现为中 -大量积液 ,其中 1 0例伴胸膜广泛增厚 ;5例胸部CT检查显示胸膜增厚呈多发结节波浪状阴影。 38例胸腔穿刺抽液检查 ,其中 2 3例黄色胸液 ,1 5例为血性胸积液 ,31例积液的细胞分类计数淋巴细胞大于 5 0 %。 2 5例经胸膜针刺活检确诊 (5例胸液脱落细胞学检查同时找到恶性胸膜间皮瘤细胞 ) ;1 5例外科手术活检确诊。结论　恶性胸膜间皮瘤以胸痛、呼吸困难、咳嗽为主要表现 ,胸膜针刺活检为主要确诊方法。     

医院规模发展与低成本高效益的关系

以高州市人民医院为例,运用规模经济理论,剖析医院规模经济产生途径和来源。规模经济来源于生产要素不可分性、学习效应、专业化和范围经济、创新、管理效率和大规模筹供等;讨论了医院规模扩张应注意的问题。     

练习42式太极拳对60例慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的影响

本文从血脂、6分钟步行试验及无创心功能检查等方面,对60名练习42式太极拳的慢性心力衰竭患者,进行6个月临床观察,发现太极拳对慢性心力衰竭患者的血脂、6分钟步行试验及心功能均有明显改善.提示坚持太极拳锻炼有助于慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的提高和康复.     

Microwave tumour coagulation plus in situ treatment with cytokine-microparticles: induction of potent anti-residual tumour immunity.

After local microwave coagulation and subsequent intra-tumoural injection of microparticles encapsulating interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, the anti-tumour efficacy against subcutaneous Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic mice was evaluated. This treatment elicited a potent systemic anti-tumour immunity that protected treated mice from re-challenge with the same tumour cells and caused the distal tumours in a bilateral tumour model to be rejected. Cytotoxicity assay indicated that both T- and natural killer cells acted as the effector cells in the anti-tumour immunity. These data highlight the feasibility of microwave-pre-treated in situ cancer vaccination for clinical use.     

眼镜蛇心脏毒素性肺损伤大鼠肺病理与MDA改变的研究

目的 探讨肺损伤时肺组织丙二醛(MDA)变化与肺病理改变的关系。方法 采用大鼠眼镜蛇心脏毒素(CTX)性肺损伤模型观察肺的病理变化,并与支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中MDA组分进行比较。结果 CTX高低剂量致伤后,BALF中MDA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而与油酸组无差异;MDA含量高峰期在CTX 致伤后2 h至3 d;CTX高剂量组加PS治疗组则MDA含量较CTX组明显减轻(P<0.01)。结论CTX可导致急性肺损伤且可使MDA增加,而PS加入可减轻CTX所致肺的病理改变。     

头孢硫脒治疗小儿急性呼吸道感染疗效观察

目的观察头孢硫脒对小儿急性呼吸道感染的临床疗效与安全性.方法治疗组65例采用头孢硫脒50～100mg/(kg.d);对照组63例头孢唑啉50～100mg/(kg.d);均为静脉注射q8～q12h,疗程7～10d.结果治疗组与对照组总有效率分别为96.9%和84.1%,两组比较有非常显著差异(P＜0.01).结论头孢硫脒治疗小儿呼吸道感染疗效确切,未见明显副作用.     

Effect of taxane‐based neoadjuvant chemotherapy on fibroglandular tissue volume and percent breast density in the contralateral normal breast evaluated by 3T MR

The aim of this study was to evaluate the change of breast density in the normal breast of patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Forty‐four breast cancer patients were studied. MRI acquisition was performed before treatment (baseline), and 4 and 12 weeks after treatment. A computer‐algorithm‐based program was used to segment breast tissue and calculate breast volume (BV), fibroglandular tissue volume (FV), and percent density (PD) (the ratio of FV over BV × 100%). The reduction of FV and PD after treatment was compared with baseline using paired t‐tests with a Bonferroni–Holm correction. The association of density reduction with age was analyzed. FV and PD after NAC showed significant decreases compared with the baseline. FV was 110.0 ml (67.2, 189.8) (geometric mean (interquartile range)) at baseline, 104.3 ml (66.6, 164.4) after 4 weeks (p < 0.0001), and 94.7 ml (60.2, 144.4) after 12 weeks (comparison with baseline, p < 0.0001; comparison with 4 weeks, p = 0.016). PD was 11.2% (6.4, 22.4) at baseline, 10.6% (6.6, 20.3) after 4 weeks (p < 0.0001), and 9.7% (6.2, 17.9) after 12 weeks (comparison with baseline, p = 0.0001; comparison with 4 weeks, p = 0.018). Younger patients tended to show a higher density reduction, but overall correlation with age was only moderate (r = 0.28 for FV, p = 0.07, and r = 0.52 for PD, p = 0.0003). Our study showed that breast density measured from MR images acquired at 3T MR can be accurately quantified using a robust computer‐aided algorithm based on non‐parametric non‐uniformity normalization (N3) and an adaptive fuzzy C‐means algorithm. Similar to doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide regimens, the taxane‐based NAC regimen also caused density atrophy in the normal breast and showed reduction in FV and PD. The effect of breast density reduction was age related and duration related. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于网络药理学和生物信息学研究苍附导痰丸治疗多囊卵巢综合征的分子机制＊

目的 探讨苍附导痰丸治疗多囊卵巢综合征（Polycystic ovary syndrome，PCOS）的潜在机制。方法 通过检索中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台（Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform，TCMSP）中苍附导痰丸组成药物的成分数据，筛选其有效成分和作用靶点；检索Drug Bank、GeneCards、OMIM、PharmGKB及Uniprot疾病数据库中PCOS相关靶点；检索GEO数据库，选择多囊卵巢综合征的差异表达基因。构建苍附导痰丸和PCOS成分、靶点间的相互关系网络，利用筛选出的关键靶点，构建蛋白互作（Protein-protein interaction，PPI）网络；在GO功能和KEGG信号通路富集的基础上，得出苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS的作用机制，进一步用分子对接技术验证靶点之间结合的可靠性。结果 共筛选出活性成分单体46个，159个苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS的共同靶点。结论 苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS具有多成分、多靶点、多通路的特点，推测苍附导痰丸可能通过调节炎症微环境从而改善肥胖型PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗，通过调节雌激素信号通路改善卵巢功能，因而可以改善肥胖及卵巢排卵的临床症状，为后期研究苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS的作用机制提供了新的理论支撑。