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61.
Goldschmidt MC Warren DP Keene HJ Tate WH Gowda C 《The Journal of clinical dentistry》2004,15(3):66-70
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have reported the link between residual microbial contamination of toothbrushes and periodontal diseases. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of an antimicrobial additive (Microban) to toothbrushes on residual retention of periodontal pathogens. METHODOLOGY: Twenty patients had one side of their mouths brushed with a toothbrush containing the antimicrobial agent (experimental side), and the other side with a toothbrush containing no agent (control). Toothbrushes were air-dried (25 degrees C) for four or 24 hours. Toothbrush heads were vortexed and cultured for Prevotella species (Ps), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), and non-specific colony-forming units (NS). The plates were incubated and counted. Means and standard deviations were calculated, and data were analyzed using a series of t-tests (paired and unpaired) and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test. RESULTS: No significant inter- or intra-group differences in mean counts were found; however, when four-hour and 24-hour data for Aa, Pg, or NS were combined, experimental counts were lower than controls in 39/50 (78%) of the matched pairs (Wilcoxon signed-rank test p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Toothbrushes containing the antimicrobial additive showed lower microbial counts than those without, but between-group means were not statistically significant. 相似文献
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Keene JR Kaltman SI Kaplan HM 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2002,133(8):1088-92; quiz 1095
BACKGROUND: This article reviews the unique physiology of patients who have type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or IDDM); allays some common physiological misconceptions; and updates dental practitioners on the emerging technology of insulin infusion pump therapy, now available to patients who have type 1 diabetes mellitus. DESCRIPTION: The authors review the physiology of stress and describe the dawn phenomenon. They also describe insulin infusion pump therapy, as well as its advantages and disadvantages, to familiarize dentists with new technologies in caring for patients who have diabetes. Emergencies that may present themselves as a result of these advances in biotechnology are discussed. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Dental practitioners who treat patients who have IDDM need to have a solid foundation in the basic medical sciences and emerging biomedical technology as they each relate to diabetes. Practitioners must become familiar with infusion pump therapy, not only for cases of medical emergencies, but also to customize treatment for patients who have diabetes. Practitioners also need to remain up to date in the rapidly changing realm of caring for people who have diabetes. 相似文献
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Efficacy and safety of the neuraminidase inhibitor zanamivirin the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A S Monto D M Fleming D Henry R de Groot M Makela T Klein M Elliott O N Keene C Y Man 《The Journal of infectious diseases》1999,180(2):254-261
The efficacy and safety of zanamivir, administered 2x or 4x daily over 5 days, was evaluated in the treatment of influenza infections. A total of 1256 patients entered the study; 57% of those randomized had laboratory-confirmed influenza infection. The primary end point, "alleviation of major symptoms," was created to evaluate differences in clinical impact. In the overall population with or without influenza infection, zanamivir reduced the median number of days to reach this end point by 1 day (P=.012 2x daily vs. placebo; P=.014 4x daily vs. placebo). The reduction was greater in patients treated within 30 h of symptom onset, febrile at study entry, and in defined high-risk groups. Zanamivir reduced nights of disturbed sleep, time to resumption of normal activities, and use of symptom relief medications. It was well tolerated. These results suggest that zanamivir can significantly reduce the duration and overall symptomatic effect of influenza. 相似文献
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J G Fraser M J Conway M H Keene J W Hazell 《The Journal of laryngology and otology》1978,92(4):293-303
A portable apparatus is described which can be used for routine audiometric screening in a children's clinic. The apparatus measures the postauricular myogenic response to click stimuli and the design of the machine makes for great simplicity of operation. A simple form of machine scoring is employed so that a completely objective result is obtained. Evaluating the equipment on 102 subjects produced no false positive results, but a small percentage of normally hearing adults and children failed to produce a response. The equipment was successfully evaluated in a routine audiometric screening situation on 46 babies aged 6 to 9 months. 相似文献
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Gas in the bowel wall is an unusual but important finding on an abdominal radiograph. The so-called “benign form,” pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, may be asymptomatic or may cause a variety of symptoms and can result in a bowel obstruction or a sterile pneumoperitoneum. On the other hand, intramural intestinal gas may represent severe underlying disease such as necrotizing enterocolitis or mesenteric vascular occlusion. This finding should be sought when examining abdominal radiographs. A thorough appreciation of the clinical significance of this unusual entity is necessary to make timely therapeutic decisions. 相似文献