Severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections and immunoglobulin concentrations

In a prospective study in 86 children with respiratory syncytial virus infections, no relation was detected between the severity of infection (based on diagnosis, chest radiography findings, need for mechanical ventilation, and duration of hospitalisation) and serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgG1-4 on admission.     

Effect of sustained inflations applied directly after cord clamping on lung function in premature newborn lambs

We studied the possibility of improving lung volume and therefore clinical outcome in premature newborn lambs by increasing the inspiratory volumes during the first minute after birth. Sixteen lambs from eight were delivered by hysterotomy after 130–131 days' gestation. In eight lambs the lungs were inflated with a bag with a sustained inspiratory inflation (SI) of 5 s and expiratory time of 5 s during the first four inflations after cord clamping and then mechanically ventilated. Their siblings did not receive SI and served as a control group. At 8 h postnatally, the SI and control groups showed the following results (mean ± SEM): mean airway pressure 14.8 ± 1.8 cmH₂O versus 11.9 ± 1.1 cmH₂O, PaO₂ 41.5 ± 7.3 kPa versus 31.3 ± 7.7kPa, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient 359 ± 55 mmHg versus 437 ± 58 mmHg. Clinical course, incidence of pneumothorax, oxygenation index, total static compliance, parenchymal-alveolar air area ratio or mortality rate were not different. There was no significant difference between the two groups at this time or at any other time during the experiments.     

泽兰合剂质量标准研究

目的；建立泽兰合剂质量控制方法。方法：采用TLC对金银花，红花进行定性鉴别，HPLC测定绿原酸的含量。结果：TLC鉴别方法专属性强。含量测定绿原酸在0.2-1.0μg间有良好的线性关系。回收率为98.67%,RSD为2.19%。结论：本法简便，准确，重现性好，可作为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

肿瘤坏死因子诱导细胞凋亡的信号传导机制

1肿瘤坏死因子的分子生物学特性 TNF的研究可追溯到一百多年前.早在19世纪末,人们发现有些恶性肿瘤患者在伴细菌感染时,可导致肿瘤的自发消退,提示细菌感染和肿瘤消退之间存在一定关系.1893年美国学者Coley et al尝试在肿瘤患者体内诱发细菌感染以及注射死亡细菌的混合物来治疗肿瘤.这就是有关TNF的最早记录[1].本世纪80年代以来,随着分子生物学的飞速发展,对TNF研究不断深入,人们发现其具有多种生物学活性,除对免疫细胞有活化、促增殖和分化等作用外,对某些非肿瘤细胞和大多数肿瘤细胞具有诱导凋亡(Apoptosis)的作用[2].当机体处于炎症如病毒、细菌、寄生虫感染,或创伤等病理状态时,这些作用对清除受损细胞、维持机体内环境平衡,起着重要的作用.     

The Dissociative Subtype of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Unique Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Basolateral and Centromedial Amygdala Complexes

Previous studies point towards differential connectivity patterns among basolateral (BLA) and centromedial (CMA) amygdala regions in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as compared with controls. Here we describe the first study to compare directly connectivity patterns of the BLA and CMA complexes between PTSD patients with and without the dissociative subtype (PTSD+DS and PTSD−DS, respectively). Amygdala connectivity to regulatory prefrontal regions and parietal regions involved in consciousness and proprioception were expected to differ between these two groups based on differential limbic regulation and behavioral symptoms. PTSD patients (n=49) with (n=13) and without (n=36) the dissociative subtype and age-matched healthy controls (n=40) underwent resting-state fMRI. Bilateral BLA and CMA connectivity patterns were compared using a seed-based approach via SPM Anatomy Toolbox. Among patients with PTSD, the PTSD+DS group exhibited greater amygdala functional connectivity to prefrontal regions involved in emotion regulation (bilateral BLA and left CMA to the middle frontal gyrus and bilateral CMA to the medial frontal gyrus) as compared with the PTSD−DS group. In addition, the PTSD+DS group showed greater amygdala connectivity to regions involved in consciousness, awareness, and proprioception—implicated in depersonalization and derealization (left BLA to superior parietal lobe and cerebellar culmen; left CMA to dorsal posterior cingulate and precuneus). Differences in amygdala complex connectivity to specific brain regions parallel the unique symptom profiles of the PTSD subgroups and point towards unique biological markers of the dissociative subtype of PTSD.     

Selective aging of the human cerebral cortex observed in vivo: differential vulnerability of the prefrontal gray matter

In a prospective cross-sectional study, we used computerized volumetry of magnetic resonance images to examine the patterns of brain aging in 148 healthy volunteers. The most substantial age-related decline was found in the volume of the prefrontal gray matter. Smaller age-related differences were observed in the volume of the fusiform, inferior temporal and superior parietal cortices. The effects of age on the hippocampal formation, the postcentral gyrus, prefrontal white matter and superior parietal white matter were even weaker. No significant age- related differences were observed in the parahippocampal and anterior cingulate gyri, inferior parietal lobule, pericalcarine gray matter, the precentral gray and white matter, postcentral white matter and inferior parietal white matter. The volume of the total brain volume and the hippocampal formation was larger in men than in women even after adjustment for height. Inferior temporal cortex showed steeper aging trend in men. Small but consistent rightward asymmetry was found in the whole cerebral hemispheres, superior parietal, fusiform and orbito-frontal cortices, postcentral and prefrontal white matter. The left side was larger than the right in the dorsolateral prefrontal, parahippocampal, inferior parietal and pericalcarine cortices, and in the parietal white matter. However, there were no significant differences in age trends between the hemispheres.      

雷丸多糖的抗炎及免疫刺激作用

雷丸(Polyporus mylittae Cook.et Mass,异名Omphdlia lapidescens Schraet)为多孔菌科雷丸菌的干燥菌核。中医用于驱除蛲虫、绦虫、钩虫及蛔虫。雷丸多糖(S-4001)是本室与瑞典Pharmacia公司合作从雷丸中分离出的活性成分之一,其化学结构是以β(1—3)葡萄糖为主链、带有(1—6)支链的葡聚糖,平均分子量为1,183,000。本文报告雷丸多糖在抗炎和免疫方面的作用。