Nutrient-induced thermogenesis (NIT) following amino acid infusion

Nutrient-induced thermogenesis (NIT) induced by parenteral infusion of amino acid (AA) mixtures of different composition and of the same AA mixtures given via different routes (parenteral or intraportal infusion) were investigated in rats using a small animal indirect calorimeter. When 8 different AA solutions of differing composition but with the same total concentration were infused parenterally, both standard NIT (each AA is assumed to generate 3.28 kcal/g) and specific NIT (heat energy of each AA is calculated assuming that it is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water, and metabolised to urea and sulphuric acid) values of the leucine (Leu)-rich and the glycine (Gly)-rich solutions were significantly greater than those of the control solution. Removal of Leu or Gly from the respective AA solutions reversed the increase of both NIT values down to control levels. When the parenteral and portal infusion routes were used in one rat, both NIT values for parenteral infusion of the Leu-rich solution were again significantly greater than those of the control. Likewise, both NIT values for intrportal infusion of the Leu-rich solution were also significantly greater than those of the control. However, no difference in NIT values was found between parenteral and portal infusion of either solution. The result of this study indicated that Leu and Gly may be thermogenic AAs, and the thermogenic effect of Leu is not dependent upon the route of infusion.     

P^16基因蛋白在子宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达

应用免疫组织化学方法对58例子宫颈鳞状上皮细胞癌及5例宫颈上皮内瘤样病变标本的P^16基因表达进行研究,取8例正常子宫颈组织作对照,结果显示：P16基因的阳性表达率在宫颈鳞癌,宫颈上此内瘤样病谱及正常宫颈组织中分别为43．1％,40％,12．5％,肿瘤病理分级越低,临床分期越晚,阳性表达率越低,差异有显著性（P＜0．05）,提示：P16基因的异常表达在子宫颈鳞癌的发生,发展过程中起重要作用。     

中药有效成分研究与复方新药开发

１０００００首方剂是开发中药复方新药的宝库。１２７７２种中药及其复方中的有效成分是开发中药复方新药的基础。逆向思维、利用文献、研究有效成分动态变化和综合作用是开发中药复方新药的几种途径     

Mitral valve replacement in the presence of massive posterior annular calcification

Replacement of the mitral valve in the presence of extensive calcification of the posterior annulus is a technical challenge. The heavily calcified annulus often results in difficulties of seating the prosthesis and later periprosthetic leakage. A radical calcium debridement may leave a friable and thin annulus that contributes to the risks of prosthesis dehiscence and ventricular perforation. To avoid technical difficulties and associated catastrophic complications, we devised a new technique of mitral valve replacement that allows a surgeon to implant a prosthesis securely. This technique involves inserting a larger single tilting disc mechanical valve (Medtronic Hall disc) with intra-atrial anchorage over the posterior sector of the calcified annulus, orienting the working (major) orifice of the mechanical valve anteriorly, and thereby tilting the lesser occluder segment of the disc upward into the atrium and away from the calcification in diastole. By utilizing this method, we have successfully performed mitral valve replacement in two patients who exhibited massive calcification of the posterior mitral annulus. Postoperative transeosophageal echocardiography showed excellent hemodynamic performance of the implanted valves. We therefore recommend this simple, safe, and time-saving procedure as a feasible method to deal with this surgical dilemma.     

Reduction of tumorigenicity by an interferon-γ-gene-transduced tumor on another syngeneic tumor in a murine model

To evaluate the effect of interferon-γ-genetransduced cells, DS mice were inoculated into their footpads with syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma SC42 admixed with interferon-γ producing mammary adenocarcinoma SC115Kγ, which had been established by an interferon-γ-gene transduction in another syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma SC115 using retroviral vectors. These mice rejected both tumor cells and developed resistance to subsequent challenges with either SC115 or SC42 cells inoculated into their opposite posterior footpads. These results thus indicate that systemic immunological memory to each of the independent tumor cell lines developed in these mice. Although the SC42 cells admixed with irradiated SC115Kγ cells were rejected by these mice, the SC42 cells admixed with irradiated SC115neoR, in which the neo-gene had been transduced, were observed to proliferate. Tumor rejection was reversed by an in vivo administration of anti-interferon-γ antibody, thus suggesting that locally produced interferon-γ plays an important role in tumor elimination and immunological memory induction. In conclusion, interferon-γ-gene-transduced tumor cells are therefore considered to have a therapeutic potential for other types of malignant tumor cell lines.     

Correlation of tensile strength with bursting pressure in the evaluation of intestinal anastomosis

BACKGROUND: Although bursting pressure and tensile strength have long been measured to evaluate anastomotic techniques, it has yet to be clarified whether or not they are correlated, what implications they have, and which should be used as a gold standard. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using an experimental model to estimate pressure and tension in the same colonic anastomosis, the following variables were measured in 48 rats between days 0 and 14: bursting pressure (BP); minimal tensile strength (MITS) necessary to break a part of the anastomosis, and maximal tensile strength (MATS) needed to disrupt the whole anastomosis. Also, circulatory wall tension (CWT) was derived from BP and the anastomotic circumference (AC), and longitudinal wall tension (LWT) from MITS and AC. These variables were compared using correlation and regression analysis. RESULTS: During the lag phase (days < or = 4) there was poor correlation between pressure-related and tension-related variables whereas highly significant correlations were noted in the subsequent fibroplastic phase (day > or = 5). It was shown by regression lines that positive MITS and MATS were expected when BP was zero. CONCLUSION: Contrary to the previous assumption, no correlation was found between BP and tensile strength in the critical postoperative period. Based on our present and previous studies, measurement of MITS is recommended to evaluate the healing of colonic anastomosis.     

微波消融犬室性心动过速的实验研究

观察微波消融犬室性心动过速（简称室速）疗效和微波消融对血液动力学的影响。健康犬４０只,随机分成５组,Ⅰ组（对照组,ｎ＝８）,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组（消融组,ｎ＝８）,由股动脉、股静脉穿刺进行血液动力学监测。用０．０１ｍｌ０．０３％乌头碱注入心室壁诱发室性心动过速。消融释放功率和时间Ⅱ组为４０Ｗ×３０ｓ,Ⅲ组为４０Ｗ×６０ｓ,Ⅳ组为８０Ｗ×３０ｓ,Ⅴ组为８０Ｗ×６０ｓ。结果：自发放微波能量至室速终止时间Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为（１０．１±２．４）ｓ,与对照组比,Ｐ＜０．００１;Ⅳ、Ⅴ组为（５．３±１．５）ｓ,与对照组比,Ｐ＜０．００１。消融前后血液动力学各项指标差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）,消融后组间血液动力学各项指标差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。微波产生的心肌损伤,显微镜下观察均为凝固性坏死,与周围组织存在清晰的界限。结论：微波消融室速具有较好的疗效,消融能量与时间在一定范围内对血液动力学无明显影响,可望成为室速治疗的１种新方法。     

Monomeric Indole Alkaloids from Kopsia officinalis.

Ten monomeric indole alkaloids have been identified from the roots of KOPSIA OFFICINALIS. Four of them are known: (-)-kopsinine 1, (+)-5,22-dioxokopsane 2, (-)-tetrahydroalstonine 4, and (-)-quebrachamine 3; and six are new: (-)-isoeburnamine 5 (enantiomer of the known alkaloid (+)-isoeburnamine), (-)-N-methoxycarbonyl-12-methoxykopsinaline 7, (-)-N-methoxycarbonyl-11,12-methylenedioxy kopsinaline 8, (-)-N-methoxycarbonyl-11,12-dimethoxykopsinaline 9, (-)-11,12-methylenedioxykopsinaline 10, and (-)-12-methoxykopsinaline 11.     

双环醇抗病毒与保护肝细胞作用的动态观察和分析

目的：探讨双环醇抗病毒机制，为进一步研究和开发双环醇打下理论基础。方法：通过2．2．15细胞与双环醇混合培养，观察血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、血清门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)用药后与HBsAg，HBeAg，乙型肝炎病毒中DNA(HBV—DNA)之间的动态变化，定量逆转录PCR(RT—PCR)观察CTAT—1变化；临床实验中，患口服双环醇，每2周观察血清HBV—DNA与ALT，AST动态变化。结果：细胞模型实验中，随着双环醇与2．2．15细胞混合培养时间延长，HBsAg，HBV—DNA滴度逐渐降低，而培养上清ALT，AST无明显变化，细胞内稳定高水平表达STAT—1的mRNA；临床实验发现，以干扰素α为对照，患血清ALT，AST可以随着HBV—DNA水平降低而下降，但未发现患血清ALT，AST有一过性升高。结论：双环醇在发挥肝细胞保护作用的同时．还可能通过非细胞溶解性机制清除乙型肝炎病毒。