p53,p16,PCNA蛋白在食管癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨p53,p16,PCNA蛋白在食管癌中的表达及临床意义。方法用免疫组织化学染色SP法对62例食管癌标本进行p53,p16,PCNA蛋白测定。结果62例食管癌中,p53,PCNA蛋白阳性表达均为71.0%(44/62),p16缺失率48.4%(30/62)。p16缺失与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05、P<0.01)。而p53,PCNA蛋白同时表达56.5%(35/62),亦与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05、P<0.01)。结论食管癌p53,PCNA蛋白同时表达及p16缺失可视为危险预后因素。     

Evaluating and understanding combination therapy decision drivers for the treatment of overactive bladder in the United States

ObjectiveTo understand factors guiding overactive bladder (OAB) therapy selection and experience with combination therapy (antimuscarinics and beta-3 agonists).MethodsCross-sectional surveys of OAB patients and OAB-treating physicians in the USA were conducted. Patients receiving monotherapy with antimuscarinics were categorized by OAB treatment history: monotherapy only; third-line procedures (e.g., onabotulinumtoxinA injections) and combination therapy; third-line therapy only; and combination therapy only. The patient survey assessed therapy choice drivers and barriers, treatment satisfaction and sociodemographic/clinical characteristics. The physician survey assessed drivers of and barriers to OAB treatment choices.ResultsOf 200 patients, 86.5% reported involvement in treatment decision-making; doctor’s recommendation was the most frequently considered factor (84.4%). Most patients (71%) were unaware of combination therapy. The primary reason why those patients aware of combination therapy had not used it (N = 43/200; 21%) was physician recommendation of other treatments (69.8%). For physicians (N = 50), the most frequently considered factors when prescribing OAB treatment were effectiveness (92.0%) and side effects (84.0%); 70% prescribed combination therapy, primarily for symptom severity (82.9%). The main reasons for not prescribing combination therapy were cost/insurance coverage (80%) and lack of information (53.3%).ConclusionsShared decision-making guided treatment decisions; the main considerations were treatment safety and efficacy.     

心血瘀阻证大鼠血浆代谢网络模型分析

目的：探讨心血瘀阻证大鼠血浆代谢网络模型。方法：代谢通路分析采用KEGG 数据库,代谢产物分子注释、相关的酶或转运蛋白及其相关性质分析采用HMDB 数据库,代谢网络模型可视化采用metPA 网络软件。结果：9 个代谢产物参与了15 条代谢通路,其中泛酸盐和CoA 生物合成、丙酸代谢、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成通路影响值P＜0.05。结论：泛酸盐和CoA 生物合成、丙酸代谢、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成通路参与大鼠心血瘀阻证的病理过程。     

栀子卷叶螟的发生规律及防治研究

目的:通过对栀子卷叶螟Archernius tropicalis的发生规律及防治研究,为防治提供依据。方法:定点观察和药效试验。结果:该虫在湖北省孝感地区一年发生四代。世代重叠,以幼虫在枯叶中结薄茧越冬,翌年3月恢复取食,4月上旬开始化蛹,4月中、下旬羽化产卵,至6月中旬第一代幼虫发生为害,7月上、中旬至8月中旬为第二代幼虫盛发期,第三代幼虫则于9月上、中旬出现危害至11月上、中旬,第四代幼虫于11月下旬陆续结薄茧进入越冬休眠。选用市售5种药剂试验的结果,只要使用有效浓度在防治适期施药,均能获得90%以上的防治效果。结论:结合栀子卷叶螟的发生规律在其各代幼虫为害期喷施本试验选用的市售5种药剂均能有效防治栀子卷叶螟。     

Selective Antibacterial Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Helicobacter pylori Based on Inhibition of Urease

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity and urease inhibitory effects of patchouli alcohol (PA), the bioactive ingredient isolated from Pogostemonis Herba, which has been widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The activities of PA against selected bacteria and fungi were determined by agar dilution method. It was demonstrated that PA exhibited selective antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, without influencing the major normal gastrointestinal bacteria. Noticeably, the antibacterial activity of PA was superior to that of amoxicillin, with minimal inhibition concentration value of 78 µg/mL. On the other hand, PA inhibited ureases from H. pylori and jack bean in concentration‐dependent fashion with IC₅₀ values of 2.67 ± 0.79 mM and 2.99 ± 0.41 mM, respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk plots indicated that the type of inhibition was non‐competitive against H. pylori urease whereas uncompetitive against jack bean urease. Reactivation of PA‐inactivated urease assay showed DL‐dithiothreitol, the thiol reagent, synergistically inactivated urease with PA instead of enzymatic activity recovery. In conclusion, the selective H. pylori antibacterial activity along with urease inhibitory potential of PA could make it a possible drug candidate for the treatment of H. pylori infection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

沿海和内地两家医院口服降糖药利用分析

目的：了解口服降糖药在沿海和内地两家医院的用药情况。方法：应用总金额排序法及用药频度（DDDs)排序法对1998－1999年沿海和内地两家医院口服降糖药的利用情况进行比较分析。结果：沿海地区使用双胍类降糖药的患者远远小于内地。结论：沿海地区肥胖型糖尿病患者少于内地。二甲双胍、格列吡嗪、格列齐特、格列本脲等目前用药活跃,仍为主要降糖药。     

奥扎格雷钠氯化钠(葡萄糖)注射液评价性抽验结果及分析

目的:评价奥扎格雷钠氯化钠注射液和奥扎格雷钠葡萄糖注射液的质量情况。方法:按照国家评价性抽验计划总体要求,采用法定检验方法结合探索性研究对来自5个厂家的53批样品进行检验,统计分析检验结果,并对2种注射液的质量现状进行评价。结果:法定检验显示奥扎格雷钠氯化钠(葡萄糖)注射液样品合格率分别为97.9%、100.0%;探索性研究显示产品中普遍存在两个杂质(杂质Ⅰ和杂质Ⅱ);灭菌工艺对产品质量无影响;渗透压摩尔浓度测定结果均在等渗范围内;细菌内毒素及无菌均符合规定。气-质联用法测定邻苯二甲酸酯类17种增塑剂的含量,样品中均含有微量的DIBP、DBP、DPP,但均在国家限度内。建立聚类分析模型,各厂家样品均能通过验证,并可与其他品种进行区分。结论:2种注射液按各执行标准检验,总体合格率较好,但存在如细菌内毒素限度及无菌检查方法需要规范统一等问题。建议改进并统一现行质量标准,进一步加强对奥扎格雷钠氯化钠(葡萄糖)注射液的监管。     

甲基强的松龙冲击治疗小儿过敏性紫癜的临床观察

目的 探讨甲基强的松龙冲击治疗小儿过敏性紫癜的疗效.方法 将50例小儿过敏性紫癜患儿随机分为治疗组(26例)和对照组(24例).治疗组给予甲基强的松龙15~30mg·kg-1·d-1加入10%葡萄糖液100~200ml,1d内滴入,3d为1个疗程,此后改为强的松1mg·kg-1·d-1口服,逐渐减药至停用.对照组给予琥珀酸氢化考的松5~10mg·kg-1·d-1静脉滴注,连续应用1周后改用相同剂量的强的松口服,逐渐减量至停用.结果 治疗组皮疹、腹痛及消化道症状完全消退,关节症状消退及肾损害恢复时间明显短于对照组(P<0.01).结论 甲基强的松龙冲击治疗过敏性紫癜安全有效,是防止复发和减轻肾脏损害较好的治疗措施.     

护理安全管理在门诊抽血室中应用的效果分析及预防交叉感染的意义

目的:探讨护理安全管理应用于门诊抽血室中的效果及预防交叉感染的意义。方法:选取某院门诊抽血室2017年3月~2018年7月接诊500例患者,随机分为对照组和研究组各250例。对照组实施常规护理管理,研究组患者实施护理安全管理,对比两组防范措施掌握情况与安全防范认知度,比较两组护理不良事件、护患纠纷及医源性感染发生率,同时对比两组护理满意度。结果:研究组防范措施掌握情况、安全防范认知度均高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组护理不良事件、护患纠纷及医源性感染发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组、对照组护理满意度分别为98.80%、90.40%(P<0.05)。结论:护理安全管理的实施具有重要临床意义,可有效减少护理不良事件的发生,增强患者风险防范意识,预防交叉感染,减少护患纠纷,提高护理满意度,值得临床推广应用。     

优化质量管理在口腔科消毒供应中心的应用

目的 探讨优化质量管理在口腔科消毒供应中心的应用及实施效果.方法 将已经使用过的口腔复用诊疗器械进行椅旁预处理后,集中回收到消毒供应中心,对器械进行程序化的分类、清洗消毒、检查保养、包装、灭菌,加强对诊疗器械清洗质量以及灭菌后湿包率的管理力度.结果 实施质量管理后清洗合格率比实施前提高(90.63％比84.00％,P=O.000 2),无菌物品的湿包发生概率明显降低(3.13％比5.56％,P=0.000 7).结论 优化质量管理能够提升口腔科复用器械的清洗质量和灭菌质量.