Endocrinology: High incidence of embryo transfer cancellations in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome

This study was aimed at assessing the outcome of in-vitro fertilization(IVF) and embryo transfer in patients with polycystic ovariansyndrome (PCOS). The results of IVF and embryo transfer in PCOSpatients (PCOS group, 78 cycles of 26 patients) were comparedwith those of a control group (423 cycles in 202 patients withoutmale factor; age and ovarian stimulation protocol were matched).Although the pregnancy rate per transfer was not different inthe two groups of patients (25 versus 34%, PCOS versus controlgroup), the PCOS group had a significantly lower pregnancy rateper follicle aspiration (19 versus 31%, P < 0.05). A notableresult was a significantly higher incidence of embryo transfercancellations in the PCOS group (22 versus 8%, P < 0.01),which resulted from unpredictable failure of either oocyte recoveryor fertilization. The incidence of unexplained complete failureof fertilization was significantly higher in the PCOS group(18 versus 5%, P < 0.01). These results may reflect a reducedquality of the oocytes in the PCOS group, and there was a subgroupof PCOS patients who repeatedly produced poor results of treatment.Although the ovarian stimulation regimen best suited to PCOSpatients remains to be determined, special care should be takenduring ovarian stimulation, especially when the PCOS patientshad experienced unexplained failure of oocyte recovery or fertilizationin the previous treatment cycle(s).     

Case Report: Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome Associated with Human Herpesvirus-6 Infection

We report a case of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome associated with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection. An eight-month-old girl developed monomorphous papules on her cheeks, buttocks, and extremities after the subsidence of exanthema subitum. Viral antibody analysis confirmed primary HHV-6 infection. HHV-6 may be added to the list of causative agents of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome.     

头孢噻肟在恶性血液病合并感染患者体内杀菌效价及临床疗效比较

目的 对比观察头孢噻肟（ＣＴＸ）与其他两种抗菌药物治疗方案对３０例血液病合并感染患者杀 菌活性（ＳＢＡ）及临床疗效。方法ＳＢＡ采用微量稀释法测定，临床疗效根据临床治疗登记表按三 级标准判定。结果与结论 头孢噻肟的临床反应最佳，杀菌作用时间维持较长，但对绿脓假单胞 菌和阴沟肠杆菌杀菌作用较差；呱拉西林（ＰＩＰ）与阿米卡星（ＡＮ）方案的抗菌谱广，但ＰＩＰ杀菌 作用时间较短，可考虑缩短给药间期，而ＡＮ可按一日一次给全日量的方案，以提高疗效减少不 良反应；头孢哌酮（ＣＰＺ）可主要用于绿脓假单胞菌感染，也可用于其它细菌的混合感染，但给药 间隔时间以一日三次为宜。     

用大肠杆菌CM89菌株对三种化学物抗突变作用的研究

本文以 E.coli CM891为靶细胞,用细菌内抗突变作用模式研究了肉桂醛,鞣酸,二烯丙三硫的抗4NQO 突变性及其作用机制。含质粒 pKM101的 CM891的高抗株(抗50μg/ml 氨苄青霉素)能提高该菌株的自发突变率和4NQO 诱发的突变率以及对鞣酸的杀伤抗性。肉桂醛的抗突变性不依赖质粒 pKM101效应,但与暂时性生长延搁有关。鞣酸及二烯丙三硫的抗突变机制可能包括质粒 pKM101介导的易误修复。上述三种化学物中每二种联合应用均显示抗4NQO 突变性的协同效应及对靶细胞的毒性杀伤作用。     

Isolation of isoguanosine fromCroton tiglium and its antitumor activity

This paper describes the isolation of isoguanosine from Croton tiglium L. and its cytotoxic effect against several tumor cell lines in culture and newly reports that isoguanosine has an antitumor activity against implanted S-180 ascitic tumor mice. Isoguanosine is effective at the dose of 24 mg/kg/day x 5, with T/C value of 168%. Isoguanosine inhibits the growth of S-180 and Ehrlich solid tumor in mice at the optimal doses of 96 mg/kg/day x 12 and 48 mg/kg/day x 12, with 1-T/C values of 65% and 60%, respectively.     

A simple method for screening assessment of acute toxicity of chemicals

We proposed a simple method for screening assessment of acute oral and dermal toxicity using only three rats and mice of each sex at each dose level. Animals were first treated with chemicals at a dose of 2000 mg/kg and were carefully observed for compound-related morbidity and mortality. If none of the animals died, the following toxicity tests were suspended. If some of the animals died, toxicity tests at doses of 200 and 20 mg/kg were performed. The approximate LD₅₀ values calculated by this method showed little difference between two separate laboratories and were in good agreement with LD₅₀ values reported in the literature. Our toxicological data also showed that LD₅₀ values were about 2–2.5 times the MNLD (maximum non lethal dose) in acute oral and dermal toxicity. This meant that a chemical could be regarded as having an LD₅₀ of about 4000 mg/kg or higher when there was no mortality at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. A chemical with such low toxicity would not require further testing for lethal effects. Therefore, this simple method combining the fixed-dose procedure with the limit test is suitable for determination of approximate LD₅₀ values of chemicals and for screening for necessity for classical full LD₅₀ test using many animals.This work was supported by a grant from Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan (No. 467 and 511)     

肝VX-2 瘤模型MR扩散成像的实验研究

目的探讨肝VX-2瘤模型MR扩散成像特征.方法新西兰大白兔35只,采用块种植的方法,一期预实验皮下种植14只,肝内种植6只;二期肝内种植12只,另3只做正常对照.对包括二期肝内种植在内的15个肿瘤于种植前后行定期扩散加权成像(DWI) 与MR检查.以表观扩散系数(ADC)值等为指标进行统计分析.结果 (1)一期预实验,皮下种植成功率29%(4/14),肝内种植成功率33%(2/6);二期肝内种植成功率83%(10/12).(2)VX-2瘤在DWI上呈高信号,边缘清楚.正常组与VX-2瘤实验组b值为100和300 s/mm2时ADC值分别为(2.57±0.26)mm2/s、(1.73±0.31)mm2/s、(1.87±0.25)mm2/s与(1.57±0.23)mm2/s(F=43.26,P<0.001).随b值增大,病灶信号降低;ADC图上病灶呈低信号;不同b值之间病灶ADC值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);b=100 s/mm2病灶与正常肝脏之间ADC值差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).(3)VX-2瘤发展迅速,易发生肺、肝、纵隔等处转移.结论 DWI在反映肝VX-2瘤内部水分子运动、发现与追踪病灶进展等方面有重要价值.     

螺旋CT三维重建在上颌骨正畸埋伏牙诊断中的临床应用

目的评价CT三维重建在上颌骨正畸埋伏牙中的诊断价值。方法对常规口腔全景片和咬合片不能清楚判断的47例上颌骨内埋伏牙患者行螺旋CT扫描和图像三维重建,并采用多平面重建(MPR)、三维牙体表面成像(SSD)及上颌骨和牙体容积成像(VR)显示埋伏牙的形态、位置及与邻牙的关系。结果47例均清楚显示了埋伏牙的形态、唇腭向位置、萌出方向及与邻牙的关系,MPR可测出埋伏牙的高度,SSD能清晰地显示骨内埋伏牙的形态、在牙列唇侧或腭侧的位置及与牙列牙根的关系,VR可展现埋伏牙的萌出方向及与邻牙的空间关系。结论SSD和VR成像对上颌骨埋伏牙可互为补充,立体直观地、完整地显示其病理解剖关系,是一种准确有效的检查方法。     

分离肝细胞纯化培养方法的比较研究

目的 评价一种可提高肝细胞纯度和存活率的分离培养方法。方法 以体外两步胶原酶灌流法分离肝细胞,然后将其分成两组,对照组在接种培养前不经进一步处理,试验组则在应用适宜的Percoll梯度液离心纯化之后再行培养。藉台盼蓝拒染法比较两组肝细胞的存活率,采用MTT法动态比较两组肝细胞的增殖状态,在相差显微镜下观察细胞的纯度和形态。结果 未经进一步纯化处理的猪肝细胞存活率为90％±5％,鼠肝细胞存活率为80％±5％,两者纯度均约90％;经Percoll梯度液离心纯化后,其高活力肝细胞比率均提高至98％±2％,纯度可达99％以上。从开始接种到大部分肝细胞贴壁生长,试验组比对照组肝细胞的时间有所缩短。结论 用Percoll梯度液纯化新分离肝细胞,可提高肝实质细胞的活力与纯度。