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31.
Previously we have reported that thrombin induces inflammatory mediators in brain glial cells (Ryu et al. 2000. J Biol Chem 275:29955). In the present study, we found that thrombin induced a negative regulator of a cytokine signaling molecule, cytokine-induced SH2 protein (CIS), in rat brain astrocytes. In response to thrombin, CIS expression was increased at both the mRNA and protein levels. Although STAT5 is known to regulate CIS expression, thrombin did not activate STAT5, and inhibitors of JAK2 (AG490) and JAK3 (WHI-P97 and WHI-P154) had little effect on thrombin-induced CIS expression. In contrast, cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)), cyclooxygenase (COX), and lipoxygenase (LO) play a role in CIS expression, since inhibitors of cPLA(2), cyclooxygenase (COX), and LO significantly reduced CIS expression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers (N-acetyl-cysteine [NAC] and trolox) reduced thrombin-induced CIS expression, and inhibitors of COX and LO reduced ROS produced by thrombin. Furthermore, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)), products of COX and LO, respectively, potentiated thrombin-induced CIS expression, indicating that ROS, and PGE(2) and LTB(4) generated by COX and LO, mediate CIS expression. Since interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced GAS-luciferase activity and tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3 were lower in CIS-transfected cells compared to control vector-transfected cells, CIS could have anti-inflammatory activity. These data suggest that thrombin-stimulation of ROS and prostaglandin and leukotriene production via the cPLA(2), COX and LO pathways results in CIS expression. More importantly, CIS expression may be a negative feedback mechanism that prevents prolonged inflammatory responses. 相似文献
32.
Genistein, an isoflavonoid natural product, is widely used to inhibit protein tyrosine kinase (PTK). In the present study, we investigated the possible influence of genistein on alpha (1)-adrenoceptors (AR) in cultured C2C12 cells. Genistein enhanced the uptake of radioactive glucose into C2C12 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Similar results were also observed in samples treated with daidzein, the inactive congener for PTK inhibition. The effect of genistein on alpha (1)-AR was further characterized using the displacement of [ (3)H]prazosin binding in C2C12 cells. The increase in radioactive glucose uptake by genistein was abolished by RS17053 at a concentration sufficient to block alpha (1A)-AR. The pharmacological inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) by U73122 resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction of genistein-stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 cells. This inhibition by U73122 was specific because the inactive congener, U73343, failed to modify the action of genistein. Moreover, genistein can activate alpha (1A)-AR at a concentration (1 micromol/L) lower than that (50 micromol/L) needed to abolish the insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of PTK. The obtained data indicate an activation of alpha (1A)-AR by genistein to increase the glucose uptake into C2C12 cells and this supports the application of genistein as a TK inhibitor. 相似文献
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34.
Malignant eyelid tumours in Taiwan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
AIMS: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with eyelid cancers in Taiwan. METHODS: Between 1980 and 2000, 127 (58 males and 69 females) patients (mean age 62.6; range 10-91 years) with histologically confirmed eyelid cancers were retrospectively evaluated at the National Taiwan University Hospital and Far Eastern Memorial Hospital in Taiwan. Clinical data of all patients were reviewed from medical records. The mean follow-up period was 62.4 months (range 3-240) for 113 patients. RESULTS: The 127 eyelid cancers included 79 basal cell carcinomas (62.2%), 30 sebaceous gland carcinomas (23.6%), 11 squamous cell carcinomas (8.7%), five malignant melanomas (3.9%), one Kaposi's sarcoma (0.8%), and one metastatic cancer (0.8%). Tumours developed more commonly in the lower (37.0%) than the upper eyelid (33.9%). The clinical accuracy in predicting eyelid malignancy was 90.5%. Primary treatment modality was mainly surgical excision. The recurrence, metastasis, and mortality rates at 5 years were 15.2, 11.7, and 7.3%, respectively, for all eyelid malignancies. Rates of sebaceous gland carcinoma recurrence, metastasis, and mortality were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of basal cell carcinoma. The mean interval of recurrence or metastasis after primary treatment was 26.3 months (range 4-112) for all eyelid cancers. CONCLUSIONS: Although basal cell carcinoma is the most common eyelid cancer in Taiwan, sebaceous gland carcinoma is also common. Of the two, basal cell carcinoma has a better prognosis and sebaceous gland carcinoma has a higher mortality and therefore should be treated much more aggressively. Long-term follow-up is needed after treatment of malignant eyelid tumours. 相似文献
35.
The effects of intrathecal tramadol on spinal somatosensory-evoked potentials and motor-evoked responses in rats 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jou IM Chu KS Chen HH Chang PJ Tsai YC 《Anesthesia and analgesia》2003,96(3):783-8, table of contents
Tramadol has been proven to exert a local anesthetic-type effect on peripheral nerves in both clinical and laboratory studies. In this study, we evaluated the effects of tramadol on sensory and motor neural conduction when administered intrathecally in the rat. Tramadol (0, 1, or 2 mg) was administered through an intrathecal catheter. Spinal somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded at the thoracolumbar junction after stimulation of the sciatic nerve. An evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) was recorded in the intrinsic muscles of the foot in response to electric stimulation of the lower thoracic (T1213) interspinous space. Both SSEP and CMAP were obtained before drug application as the pretreatment baseline and at 5, 15, and 30 min after treatment, and at 30- or 60-min intervals thereafter for another 4.5 h. SSEP was averaged from 20 responses, whereas CMAP was obtained from a single stimulation. Reproducible SSEPs and CMAP were consistently recorded in all rats. Intrathecal tramadol dose-dependently reduced the amplitude and delayed the latency in both SSEPs and CMAP. Generally, the suppressive effects occurred immediately after injection and recovered over 2 h. Combined administration with 20 micro g of intrathecal naloxone did not attenuate the inhibition of spinal SSEPs. We conclude that intrathecal tramadol causes a dose-related suppressive effect on both sensory and motor neural conduction in the spinal cord. IMPLICATIONS: Spinal somatosensory-evoked potentials and evoked compound muscle action potential were used to evaluate the effects of intrathecal tramadol on sensory and motor neural conduction. Intrathecal tramadol dose-dependently reduced the amplitude and delayed the latency of both spinal somatosensory-evoked potentials and compound muscle action potential. These results indicate that tramadol exerts a dose-related central neural blockade. 相似文献
36.
37.
Hsiao KM Chen SS Li SY Chiang SY Lin HM Pan H Huang CC Kuo HC Jou SB Su CC Ro LS Liu CS Lo MC Chen CM Lin CC 《Neuroepidemiology》2003,22(5):283-289
To investigate the prevalence and genetic characteristics of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) in Taiwan, DM-suspected patients and their families identified during the period of 1990-2001 had their clinical records reevaluated and the CTG repeat sizes at the DM1 locus examined. A total of 96 subjects belonging to 26 families were identified as DM1 patients, which gave a minimal disease prevalence of 0.46/100,000 inhabitants. Clinical anticipation was frequently observed in affected families, even in some parent-child pairs with transmission contraction of the CTG repeat size. The inverse correlation between age at onset and CTG repeat length was significant only in patients with small expansions. In addition, a DM1 carrier with a childhood-onset son was found to have CTG length heterogeneity in the range of 40-50, indicating that premutation alleles could be unstable during gametogenesis as well as in somatic tissues. Our data demonstrated that DM1 is a rare disease in Taiwan and showed that transmission contraction of repeat size is more likely to occur in alleles with large repeats. 相似文献
38.
I P Hsu H J Jou C W Huang T A Wang W H Wu 《International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics》2007,98(1):29-33
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of soygerm isoflavones extracts on blood lipoproteins, antioxidative capacity and urinary estrogen metabolites in postmenopausal women who receive hormone therapy (HT). METHOD: Thirty-nine volunteers receiving HT were recruited, and 33 completed the study. All subjects received 6 g of soygerm extracts per day for 4 weeks. Blood and urine samples were collected for study at the beginning and at the end of study. RESULT: Plasma HDL-C levels increased markedly with significant decreases of plasma LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and LDL-TG levels. The lag time of conjugated dienes formation prolonged for 9.9% and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances production in copper-catalyzed oxidation of LDL decreased. The differences were statistically significant. Urinary ratio of 2-OHE(1) to 16alpha-OHE(1) increased without statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Soygerm extracts may improve serum lipid profile in postmenopausal Taiwanese women who receive HT, and probably provide a favorable effect on estrogen metabolism. 相似文献
39.
Scanning laser polarimetry in evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness for normal Taiwanese
Scanning laser polarimetry has been used recently for the measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, taking advantage of the birefrigence of the RNFL. We observe the RNFL with the instrument and try to find out a set of normal basic values of the RNFL thickness for clinical comparison. One hundred normal volunteers of different age groups were recruited for this study. There are 44 males and 56 females with a mean (1SD) age of 36.17(14.77) years. Three consecutive 15-degree polarimetric maps were acquired for each subject. RNFL thickness measurements were obtained at 1.75 disc diameters ring from the optic nerve. Four 90-degree quadrants were identified. As a result, the average of RNFL thickness is 90.69 (20.20) microns in the superior quadrant, 80.45 (17.4) microns in the inferior quadrant, 59.28 (15.37) microns in the nasal quadrant, and 48.98 (15.72) microns in the temporal quadrant with a mean thickness value of 69.86 (13.97) microns. Superior and inferior quadrants showed a comparatively thicker nerve fiber layer than nasal and temporal quadrants. The temporal quadrant was always the lowest. The axial length does not affect the RNFL thickness and no significant difference between males and females exists. However, an obvious inverse linear correlation between age and the RNFL thickness in all quadrants is found. The average RNFL thickness decreased with age by 0.26 micron per year. (R2 = 0.081, p-value = 0.004). When compared with the normal range, age-match would be necessary. 相似文献
40.