Detection of Highly Poisonous Nerium oleander Using Quantitative Real-Time PCR with Specific Primers

Nerium oleander is one of the most poisonous plants, and its accidental ingestion has frequently occurred in humans and livestock. It is vital to develop a rapid and accurate identification method for the timely rescue of oleander-poisoned patients and the investigation of poisoning cases. In this study, a specific and highly sensitive quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR)-based method was developed to identify oleander in mixture systems and simulated forensic specimens (SFS). First, a new pair of oleander-specific primers, JZT-BF/BR, was designed and validated. Then, a qPCR method was developed using the primers, and its detective sensitivity was examined. The results showed that JZT-BF/BR could specifically identify oleander in forage and food mixtures, and qPCR was capable of accurate authentication even at a low DNA concentration of 0.001 ng/μL. This method was further applied to the analysis of SFS containing different ratios of N. oleander. The method was confirmed to be applicable to digested samples, and the detection limit reached 0.1% (w/w) oleander in mixture systems. Thus, this study undoubtedly provides strong support for the detection of highly toxic oleander and the diagnosis of food poisoning in humans and animals.     

静脉-静脉体外膜肺氧合对无氧呼吸犬的供氧效果

目的探讨静脉(V)-V体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)对犬在无氧呼吸条件下的供氧效果。方法8只健康家犬,麻醉后建立股V-颈VECMO途径,停止犬的自主呼吸,以简易呼吸器维持呼吸,建立V-VECMO转流后,以氮气(N2)代替氧气(O2)造成无氧呼吸状态。实验中观察(1)V-VECMO通路所能达到的最大转流率(体外循环血量/心输出量);(2)转流率一定时相对应的动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2);(3)以转流率为自变量X,SaO2为应变量Y,以Spearman秩相关算出其相关系数rs,并采用rs界值表检验,P<0.05有统计学意义。结果(1)体外循环转流率与SaO2高度正相关(rs=0.951,P<0.01)。(2)转流率最大值的平均值为44.6%(95%可信限区间为43.3～45.9%)。(3)维持SaO2为90.0%时转流率预测值为22.5%,肛温36.2℃时实测值为21.5%。结论股V(插入下腔V)-颈内V途径ECMO对无氧呼吸犬提供氧支持有较大安全空间。     

丙泊酚复合异氟醚对老年人HRV的影响

目的 观察不同靶浓度的丙泊酚复合异氟醚对腹部手术老年患者心率变异性(HRV)的影响.方法 择期手术老年病人45例,随机分成经靶控输注系统(TCI)丙泊酚1μg/ml(Ⅰ组)、2μg/ml(Ⅱ组)和3μg/ml(Ⅲ组)三组,均复合异氟醚吸入.观察人室后麻醉前(TO)、气管插管后即刻(T1)、切皮时(T2)、切皮后15 min(T3)、腹腔探查时(T4)各时段心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、HRV、异氟醚肺泡呼气末浓度的变化.结果 Ⅲ组T1、T2、T3、T4时总功率(TP)、低频百分率(LFR),T2、T4时高频百分率(HFR)及T4时LF/HF比值均比T0明显下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).Ⅲ组T1时TP、LFR、LF/HF均明显低于Ⅰ组(P＜0.01);T2、T3、T4时LF/HF均明显低于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);T2、T3时TP明显低于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P＜0.01或P(0.05).Ⅲ组、Ⅱ组麻醉期问循环比Ⅰ组稳定,MAP、HR均略低于麻醉前;Ⅰ组T1时MAP、HR均明显高于麻醉前(P＜0.05).结论 持续输注靶浓度为2,μg/ml丙泊酚复合异氟醚可维持老年病人植物神经系统功能均衡性.     

BMP2/β-TCP-HA复合支架体内构建组织工程软骨的实验研究

目的 探讨以骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP2)/β磷酸三钙-透明质酸(β-TCP-HA)复合支架在裸鼠体内构建组织工程软骨的可行性.方法 分别构建BMP2/β-TCP-HA(实验组),BMP2/β-TCP(对照组)及β-TCP(空白组)支架.分离培养大鼠间质干细胞(MSCs)至三代,利用负压吸引将MSCs作为种子细胞分别接种于各组支架内,并植于裸鼠皮下.于术后12周观察其成软骨效果并对修复组织行大体,组织学及免疫组化观察.结果 术后12周实验组支架降解基本完全,能形成丰富的软骨组织,软骨细胞外基质丰富,糖胺多精(GAG)及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色均旱强阳性;对照组支架大部降解,支架内形成岛状软骨增生;GAG及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色呈阳性;空白组支架部分降解,以纤维组织和脂肪组织为主;仅在支架边缘见少最软骨组织,GAG及Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色呈阴性.结论 BMP2/β-TCP-HA复合支架为MSCs提供了一条可能有效的关节软骨修复途径,是目前软骨组织工程较为理想的细胞支架材料.     

气功治疗纤维肌痛综合征随机对照试验的系统评价和Meta分析

目的：评价气功治疗纤维肌痛综合征的疗效及安全性。方法：纳入气功治疗纤维肌痛综合征的随机对照试验(RCT)。检索中国生物医学文献数据库（SinoMed）、国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI）、中文科技期刊数据库（CCCD）、中国学术期刊数据库（CSPD）、PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、中国临床试验注册库。检索时间从建库至2019年7月10日,无语种限制。使用Cochrane风险评估工具进行文献质量评价并使用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析,二分类变量采用相对危险度（RR）分析,连续性变量采用均差（MD）或标准化均差（SMD）,均给出95%置信区间（CI）。根据GRADE证据分级标准进行证据级别评价。结果：共纳入10项RCT涉及542名受试者。有3项中文和7项英文研究。10项研究的方法学偏倚风险较高,且方法学质量整体较低。在疼痛改善方面,气功组优于假气功（假气功：其肢体动作与气功一样,但没有冥想和口诀,并且在运动过程中自我呼吸不需要与肢体动作协调一致）组（SMD=-1.44,95%CI=-2.77,-0.11）和有氧运动组（SMD=0.96,95%CI=0.10,1.81）,气功联合药物组（包括中药和西药）的疗效优于药物组（MD=-8.94,95%CI=-15.69,-2.19）;在生命质量改善方面,气功组优于假气功组（SMD=-1.83,95%CI=-3.27,-0.39）和有氧运动组（SMD=0.98,95%CI=0.13,1.84）,气功联合药物组与药物组疗效相当（MD=-3.98,95%CI=-10.93,2.97）。生命质量采用FIQ、SF-36、CHAQ、QOML、WHOQOL-BREF量表测评。仅1项研究报告了习练气功相关的不良事件（右肩疼痛1例,足底筋膜炎1例）。GRADE分析显示为低确定性证据。结论：气功在改善纤维肌痛综合征患者的疼痛和生命质量方面可能具有潜在疗效,且比较安全。但研究设计的方法学质量较差、研究数目较少,未来仍需更多设计严谨、多中心、大样本的RCT来进一步验证气功的疗效。     

呫吨酮类衍生物抗肿瘤活性研究进展

呫吨酮是含氧杂环化合物的重要组成部分.此类化合物的生物活性与其三环骨架和骨架上取代基团的性质和位置有关.该文总结了一系列天然与合成的呫吨酮类衍生物的抗肿瘤活性,并且阐述了部分重要的抗肿瘤机制,详细介绍了一些呫吨酮类衍生物的抗肿瘤及其对靶点的作用,尤其是对蛋白激酶C调变作用的研究;还列举了部分具有癌症治疗效果的呫吨酮类化合物,包括DMXAA、普梭草素、芒果苷、降阿赛里奥、曼果斯廷等.     

辛夷鼻炎丸和通窍鼻炎颗粒治疗变应性鼻炎随机对照研究

目的评价口服辛夷鼻炎丸和通窍鼻炎颗粒对变应性鼻炎患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法2007年6月至2008年2月,采用前瞻性随机、对照临床研究方法,入选两家医院91例患者,按2∶1的比例将其随机纳入治疗组(61例)和对照组(30例),治疗组口服辛夷鼻炎丸3 g,对照组口服通窍鼻炎颗粒2 g,均每日3次,疗程4周。结果治疗4周后,治疗组临床控制+显效率为70.49%、总有效率为93.44%,对照组临床控制+显效率为73.33%、总有效率为90.00%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组均未出现不良事件,血常规、肝肾功能指标无不良变化。结论口服辛夷鼻炎丸对变应性鼻炎的疗效与通窍鼻炎颗粒相当,两药的安全性均较好。     

Activating Connexin43 gap junctions primes adipose tissue for therapeutic intervention

Adipose tissue is a promising target for treating obesity and metabolic diseases. However, pharmacological agents usually fail to effectively engage adipocytes due to their extraordinarily large size and insufficient vascularization, especially in obese subjects. We have previously shown that during cold exposure, connexin43 (Cx43) gap junctions are induced and activated to connect neighboring adipocytes to share limited sympathetic neuronal input amongst multiple cells. We reason the same mechanism may be leveraged to improve the efficacy of various pharmacological agents that target adipose tissue. Using an adipose tissue-specific Cx43 overexpression mouse model, we demonstrate effectiveness in connecting adipocytes to augment metabolic efficacy of the β₃-adrenergic receptor agonist Mirabegron and FGF21. Additionally, combing those molecules with the Cx43 gap junction channel activator danegaptide shows a similar enhanced efficacy. In light of these findings, we propose a model in which connecting adipocytes via Cx43 gap junction channels primes adipose tissue to pharmacological agents designed to engage it. Thus, Cx43 gap junction activators hold great potential for combination with additional agents targeting adipose tissue.     

CSCO guidelines for colorectal cancer version 2022: Updates and discussions

<正>Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second most common in tumor-related mortality by Global Cancer Statistics 2020(1). Recent data show that the incidence and mortality of CRC in China are increasing(2-4), with the number of new cases and deaths reaching 607,900 and 261,777 in 2019.