上海市静安区(部分)儿童血铅水平状况调查

目的了解本地区儿童血铅水平现状。方法于１９９７年８月对静安区４３７例１４个月～５岁８个月的儿童进行血铅水平测定,并对每个入选儿童进行问卷调查,问卷涉及有关儿童个人情况及家庭、社会、环境等问题。结果４３７名儿童血铅水平从１５μｇ／Ｌ至６９７μｇ／Ｌ,血铅水平均数为９７．０４μｇ／Ｌ,其中血铅水平≥１００μｇ／Ｌ有１６７例,占３８．２％。本区儿童血铅水平低于工业区,高于远郊乡村,差异有显著性意义,小儿每日在马路上的时间长短为诸多影响因素中突出并存在显著性差异的因素。结论静安区虽为非工业区,但目前情况不容乐观,环境中的铅污染问题相当严重。对儿童和家长进行健康教育,规范家长和儿童的行为,是最有效、最廉价的降低儿童铅中毒患病率的方法。     

N-端融合蛋白对重组HBeAg抗原性的影响

目的　研究 Ｎ－ 末端融合蛋白对大肠杆菌中表达的 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 抗原性的影响。方法　用 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ 法,从抗－ Ｈ Ｂｃ（ ＋ ） 血清标本中获得 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ Ｐｒｅ ｃ － ｃ 基因片段,将其插入质粒 Ｔｒｃ９９ Ａ,重组成亚克隆 Ｐ Ｈ Ｂ Ｉ。以 Ｐ Ｈ Ｂ Ｉ为模板,扩增获得编码乙肝病毒核心蛋白１ ～１４０ 氨基酸的基因片段,加上终止信号,分别插入质粒ｐ Ｇ Ｅ Ｘ－ ２ Ｔ 和 Ｔｒｃ９９ Ａ 中,各自转化后,以 Ｉ Ｐ Ｔ Ｇ 诱导,大肠杆菌表达插入基因。以 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 和 Ｓ Ｄ Ｓ－ Ｐ Ａ Ｇ Ｅ 方法测定表达产物的分子量和 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 、 Ｈ Ｂｃ Ａｇ 滴度。结果　在 Ｉ Ｐ Ｔ Ｇ 诱导下,大肠杆菌中分别表达 Ｎ－ 端融合的 Ｇ Ｓ Ｔ－ Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 融合蛋白和非融合 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 蛋白。分子量各为４１０００ Ｄ 和１５０００ Ｄ。培养裂解物经 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 测定,融合蛋白 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ ： Ｈ Ｂｃ Ａｇ 的滴度比为２５６ ：１ ,非融合蛋白为１６ ：１ 。结论　 Ｎ－ 端融合蛋白 Ｇ Ｓ Ｔ－ Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 抗原性更接近血清 Ｈ Ｂｅ Ａｇ 。     

微量元素Zn,Cu,Fe与高血压关系的病例对照研究

目的探讨原发性高血压的发病因素。方法病例对照研究方法,分析了微量元素Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ与高血压的关系。结果Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ／Ｆｅ、Ｆｅ／Ｃｕ与高血压有一定关系,其中以Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ／Ｃｕ与高血压的关系更为密切。同时单相关分析说明Ｆｅ对收缩压和舒张压有正性作用,Ｚｎ／Ｆｅ对收缩压有负性联系。结论Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ／Ｆｅ、Ｆｅ／Ｃｕ对血压的作用较独立的Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ显著     

重庆地区胆囊结石危险因素的病例对照研究

目的了解重庆地区胆囊结石的危险因素,为防制提供依据.方法住院人群的成组匹配病例对照研究.病例(107例)与对照组在性别、年龄、职业、婚姻及文化程度方面具有可比性.对各因素进行多因素分析.结果患病的危险因素有家族史、性别、口服避孕药、饮食喜油腻、饮酒、腹围;饮用地下水、咖啡、素食习惯、锻炼为胆囊结石的保护因素.结论胆囊结石与遗传、性别、内分泌、饮食、生活习惯及体型有关,环境因素对发病的影响值得深入研究.     

Preliminary study on HA coating percutaneously implanted in bone

A comparative investigation on the possibility of hydroxyapatite (HA) coating and pure Ti column to form biological sealing with skin tissue was completed in this study. HA coating and pure Ti column were percutaneously implanted in the tibia of rabbits. Compared with titanium (Ti) implant, HA coating forms epithelial sealing with skin tissue at 6 weeks postoperatively, while the Ti implant may loosen from the implanted site and be lost. The Ti column loosing rate at this time was 50%. However, once the Ti implant becomes fixed with the bone tissue, it can form epithelial sealing with skin tissue just like the HA coating, at 8 weeks postoperatively. At 8 weeks postoperatively, the epithelial sealing is not destroyed in spite of the fact that the HA coating is biodegraded. Our results show that the HA coating can become fixed with the bone faster than the Ti, which is beneficial for epithelial sealing formation. The main role of HA coating for epithelial sealing is beneficial for sealing at the initial period after it is implanted.     

A single-incision technique to harvest subepithelial connective tissue grafts from the palate

This article describes a new and simplified surgical approach to harvest subepithelial connective tissue grafts from the palate. For this procedure, only a single incision parallel to the gingival margin is used to access the donor site for graft preparation and harvesting. Grafts of variable size and thickness can be obtained. Since no band of epithelium is removed with the connective tissue graft the palatal donor site can heal with primary intention. No stents or hemostatic agents are necessary to cover the donor area postoperatively, and suturing can be reduced to a minimum. The harvesting technique is illustrated step by step, and the clinical application of connective tissue grafts harvested with the proposed method is demonstrated with the coverage of a gingival recession.     

慢性肺心病急性发作期肺动脉高压治疗方法的系统研究

该研究系统观察了92例慢性肺心病急性发作期患使用4类6种血管扩张药物,其中包括硝普钠、氨力农、米力农、维拉帕米、地尔硫zhuo、卡托普剂,以及吸入低浓度一氧化氮和施行机械通气两种方式的治疗效果。并各自比较使用前后其血流动力学及氧动力学变化。观察结果表明,上述药物及方法均可有效地降低肺动脉压力、阻力,有良好的急性血流动力学效应及氧动力学效应。同时还分析了上述各种降压药物的作用特点和相应临床应用特征,对选择临床治疗方法有指导意义。     

Clonal growth of human acute leukemia cells in serum-free methylcellulose medium

Ｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｏｆｌｅｕｋｅｍｉａｉｎｓｅｍｉｓｏｌｉｄｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｎｖｉｔｒｏｗａｓｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｔｈｅｐｒｅｓ－ｅｎｃｅｏｆｅｘｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｓｅｒｕｍ．Ｓｅｒｕｍｉｓａｍｉｘ－ｔｕｒｅｃｏｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇｌａｒｇｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓａｎｄｕｎｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｅｄｂｉｏ－ｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙａｃｔｉｖｅｓｕｂｓｔａｎｃｅｓ［１］,ｗｈｉｃｈｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｔｈｅｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｓｎｅｃｅｓｓａｒｙｆｏｒｔｈｅｃｅｌｌｇｒｏ…     

热双蒸水联用生理盐水及右旋糖酐-40预防腹腔内肿瘤种植转移的实验研究

联合应用热双蒸水、生理盐水、右旋糖酐40 序贯腹腔冲洗的方法,行体外试验与动物试验。发现45 ℃双蒸水浸泡腹腔20 min 后能完全杀灭体外培养的B6F10 细胞;右旋糖酐40 部分抑制B16F10 细胞对胶化培养板孔壁的粘附。小鼠腹腔注入B16F10 细胞后,按上述三联合液序贯冲洗可预防70 % 的C57 BL/6j小鼠发生腹膜癌病,未见毒副作用。在此冲洗的基础上,腹腔内保留氯氨铂,疗效高达88-9 % ,但毒性也增加     

Medium-term results of heart transplantation using donors over 63 years of age

BACKGROUND: The continual shortage of hearts for transplantation (HTx) led to the expansion of the donor pool by accepting older donors. We compared the medium-term follow-up of patients after HTx with older hearts (over the age of 63 years) with those of patients after HTx with younger hearts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Since April 1994 we have used hearts for HTx from donors older than the age of 63 years. Until November 1998, 309 HTx and 9 re-HTx were performed in 309 adults with a mean age of 50.7+/-10.9 years (range 17-68 years). There were 252 men and 57 women. The patients were divided into two groups: group I--donor age under 63 years (296 patients, mean age 50.4+/-11 years; mean donor age 38.1+/-13 years; mean follow-up 1.7+/-1.6 years); group II-donor age of more than 63 years (13 patients, mean age 57.4+/-5.6 years; mean donor age 65.1+/-2.1; mean follow-up 2.2+/-1.6 years). There were no differences in the etiology of heart failure, gender, or ischemia time between the groups. The patients in group II were significantly older (P = 0.008). Multiple factors were analyzed in the groups, which included changes in the left/right ventricle ejection fraction, early postoperative mortality (up to 30 days), cumulative survival rates and cardiac-dependent morbidity [myocardial infarction, malignant arrhythmias, coronary stenosis (>50% in one of the main coronary arteries) and transplant vasculopathy]. Additionally, freedom from cytomegalovirus infection (rise of titer or seroconversion) and freedom of acute rejection episodes grade > or =2 (International Society of Heart & Lung Transplantation [ISHLT]) were analyzed. RESULTS: After 1 year mean left and right ventricle ejection fraction were good in both groups and did not significantly change for up to 2 years. No Re-HTx was performed in group II. The early postoperative mortality was similar in both groups (P = 0.8). Also, the cumulative survival rates were similar in both groups (P = 0.87). Long-term cardiac morbidity was lower in group I (P = 0.03). The long-term freedom from cytomegalovirus infection in group I was significantly higher when compared with group II (P = 0.0002). The long-term freedom from severe rejection episodes was similar in both groups (P = 0.3) CONCLUSION: The study found a significant increase in long-term cardiac morbidity due to more focal coronary stenosis in group II, and freedom from cytomegalovirus infection, but did not find significant differences in the long-term survival between patients who received hearts from donors of up to 63 years of age and from those more than 63 years. The acceptance of donors older than 63 years old for HTx does not worsen the outcome of the recipients. The careful selection of older donors, with close monitoring of the coronary situation after HTx and expanded indications for revascularization of older hearts, could make HTx with older hearts, even in older recipients, a safe option.