胃癌组织FasL表达上调与肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞凋亡的关系

目的：探讨胃癌FasL表达上调与肿瘤浸润性淋巴细胞（TIL）凋亡的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学S－P法，检测50例胃癌组织中FasL表达及TIL的数量，采用脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记技术（TUNEL），对40例胃癌组织中凋亡的TIL及肿瘤细胞进行观察。结果：50例胃癌组织FasL蛋白表达程度不等，FasL表达程度高的组织的TIL计数低于FasL表达低的组织（P＜0．05），同时其TIL凋亡指数高于FasL表达低的组织，而胃癌的凋亡指数低于FasL表达程度低的组织（P＜0．01），TIL凋亡指数与胃癌细胞的凋亡指数呈负相关（γ＝－0．52，P＜0．01）。结论：人类胃腺癌有不同程度的FasL表达，其表达程度与TIL的浸润程度和凋亡相关，可能是胃癌免疫逃避的重要机制之一。     

Antiviral Chinese medicinal herbs against respiratory syncytial virus.

Forty-four medicinal herbs were tested for antiviral activities against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by means of the cytopathologic effect (CPE) assay. Twenty-seven of the 44 medicinal herbs showed potent or moderate antiviral activities against RSV with 50% inhibition concentration (IC(50)) ranging from 6.3 to 52.1 microg/ml, and with selectivity index (SI) ranging from 2.0 to 32.1. Further purification of the active extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi led to the identification of anagyrine (2), oxymatrine (7), sophoranol (10), wogonin (12), and oroxylin A (13) as the potent anti-RSV components.     

CHROMOSOME 3 MAY HARBOR MULTIPLE TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES ASSOCIATED WITH PRIMARY GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most malignant type of glioma, is the most common primary brainneoplasm. Although comprehensive therapeutic measures are applied, the prognosis of GBM remains dismal with a median post-treatment survival of less than one year.Modern molecular genetics has demonstrated thatabnormal alterations of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and oncogenes are the major mechanisms responsible for the initiation and progression of this malignant tumor.Identifying of related…     

From PCR to RCA: a surgical trainee's guide to the techniques of genetic amplification.

With the advent of evidence-based medicine and the Calman-Hine Report, more and more surgical trainees are undertaking a period of research, either before entering or during their Specialist Registrar training. Many will encounter concepts in science uncommon in daily clinical settings. This paper will elucidate the techniques of genetic amplification available today with their potential for usage in clinical research.     

Calcium absorption measured by stable calcium isotopes ((42)Ca & (44)Ca) among Northern Chinese adolescents with low vitamin D status

An adequate calcium intake and vitamin-D status is important for bone mineralization in adolescents. In Northern China, calcium intake and plasma vitamin-D level of adolescents is low due to low consumption of dairy foods and inadequate sunshine exposure. True fractional calcium absorption (TFCA) in Chinese adolescents has never been performed. This study aims to evaluate nutritional adaptation namely, TFCA and urinary calcium excretion among Chinese adolescents in northern China.     

Immunoglobulin G subclasses in serum and circulating immune complexes in patients with Kawasaki syndrome

IgG subclass concentrations in sera of 17 patients with Kawasaki syndrome were determined. Significantly increased IgG1 (P less than 0.001) and IgG3 (P less than 0.001) were found in the patients compared with 22 age-matched healthy children, whereas IgG2 and IgG4 were normal or slightly decreased. IgG immune complexes were measured by protein A-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) combined polyethylene glycol precipitations. Eight of 17 patients (47.1%) were found to have circulating immune complexes (CIC) values above the normal control range (geometric mean +2 SD). IgG subclass composition in CIC was analyzed. The subclasses in CIC were predominantly IgG1 and IgG3. Because the antibody responses to different antigens exhibit IgG subclass restriction, it would suggest that the change of serum and CIC IgG subclasses in Kawasaki syndrome may have relevance to the pathogenesis of the disease.     

自发性炎性疾病双转基因小鼠的研究

目的 通过建立强直性脊柱炎HLA－B2704和hβ2m双转基因动物模型,证实HLA－B2704和hβ2m基因在双转基因小鼠自发性炎性疾病发病过程中的作用,为研究B27相关性疾病的病因学、预防和治疗提供有力的工具。方法 将HLA－B2704和hβ2m转基因阳性小鼠交配后出生的子代,应用PCR、斑点杂交、Southern杂交、RT－PCR、流式细胞术和免疫组织化学等方法进行筛选鉴定和表达检测。同时隔日观察小鼠的发病情况,发病鼠行HE染色观察病理变化。结果 有8只高拷贝双转基因小鼠2周左右出现皮肤病变,关节炎和趾甲变化等自发性炎性疾病表现,正常小鼠、B27单转基因小鼠和HLA－B27／hβ2m双转基因小鼠流式细胞计的检测结果分别为0．63％、7．87％、35．87％,双转基因小鼠的细胞膜表面可见HLA－B2704高表达,而在B27单转基因小鼠表达不明显。结论 HLA－B2704重链可诱发转基因小鼠发生自发性炎性疾病,hβ2m可与B27形成稳定的复合体,从而稳定和增强HLA－B2704在细胞膜表面的表达。     

Bacteriology of endoscopically normal maxillary sinuses

The bacteriology of maxillary sinuses with normal endoscopic findings is reported in this study. When transantral sinoscopy was used to examine the maxillary sinuses, the whole maxillary sinus was inspected with different-angle endoscopes. If no lesion was seen over the whole maxillary sinus mucosa, no secretion existed in the maxillary sinus cavity, and the maxillary sinus ostium was wide open, the maxillary sinus was considered endoscopically normal. The bacteriology of these endoscopically normal maxillary sinuses was studied by passing cotton-tipped sticks through the cannula to collect swab specimens. In some cases, a biopsy forceps was also passed to obtain mucosal specimens. The specimens were sent to the laboratory for aerobic and anaerobic cultures. Between July 1990 and May 1998, 83 swab and 31 mucosal specimens were collected from 69 patients who had not taken any antibiotic within 10 days before endoscopy. The culture rates were 62.3 per cent (35/53) from swab specimens and 57.1 per cent (eight out of 14) from mucosal specimens in patients with the diagnosis of chronic paranasal sinusitis, and were 46.7 per cent (14/30) from swab specimens and 41.2 per cent (seven out of 17) from mucosal specimens in patients without this diagnosis. This study shows that endoscopically normal maxillary sinuses are not sterile.     

豚鼠壶腹嵴毛细胞内钙离子活动及ATP的影响

目的 探讨离体前庭毛细胞（ＶＨＣ）去极化时细胞内钙离子活动特征及内耳活性物质ＡＴＰ对离体ＶＨＣ内钙离子浓度的影响及其机制。方法 采用酶孵育后机械分离法分离豚鼠壶腹嵴ＶＨＣ,６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ钙荧光探针Ｆｌｕｏ－３染色,利用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜（ＬＳＣＭ）记录静息状态下、加入高Ｋ＾＋液及不同浓度ＡＴＰ时代表ＶＨＣ内［Ｃａ＾２＋ｉ的荧光强度相对值的变化。结果 细胞外有Ｃａ＾２＋存在时,７５ｎｍｏｌ／ＬＫ＾     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者睡眠时咽腔观察

目的 分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（ｏｂｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｖｅ ｓｌｅｅｐ ａｐｎｅａ ｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ,ＯＳＡＳ）,患者睡眠时咽腔阻塞特点及解剖原因,并与清醒时Ｍｕｌｌｅｒｘ检查比较。方法 纤维喉镜检查４３例睡眠ＯＳＡＳ患者咽腔。结果 ①所有睡眠患者都有腭咽部阻塞,７９％病例合并口咽和／或下咽部阻塞。②咽阻塞涉及软腭或悬雍垂后坠、咽壁内陷、扁桃体或咽腭弓肥大、咽皱襞和咽侧索冗赘、舌根肥厚及后坠等诸多