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21.
Effect of early and late antibiotic treatment in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael Schwarz Bertram Poch Rainer Isenmann Dietrich Kriese Eva Rozdzinski Hans G. Beger Frank Gansauge 《Langenbeck's archives of surgery / Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie》2007,392(3):365-370
Background The clinical course in acute necrotizing pancreatitis is mainly determined by bacterial infection of pancreatic and peripancreatic
necrosis. The effect of two antibiotic regimens for early and late treatment was investigated in the taurocholate model of
necrotizing pancreatitis in the rat.
Materials and methods Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into five pancreatitis groups (12 animals each) and a sham-operated group (10 animals).
Pancreatitis was induced by intraductal infusion of 3% taurocholate under sterile conditions. Animals received two different
antibiotic regimes (20 mg/kg imipenem or 20 mg/kg ciprofloxacin plus 20 mg/kg metronidazole) early at 2, 12, 20, and 28 h
after induction of pancreatitis or late at 16 and 24 h after induction of pancreatitis or no antibiotics (control). Animals
were examined after 30 h for pancreatic and extrapancreatic infection.
Results Early and late antibiotic treatment with both regimes could significantly reduce pancreatic infection from 58 to 8–25%. However,
extrapancreatic infection was only reduced by early antibiotic therapy. While quinolones also reduced bacterial counts in
small and large bowel, imipenem did not.
Conclusions In our animal model of necrotizing pancreatitis, early and late treatment with ciprofloxacin/metronidazole and imipenem reduce
bacterial infection of the pancreas. Extrapancreatic infection, however, is reduced significantly only by early antibiotic
treatment. The effectivity of early antibiotic treatment in the clinical setting should be subject to further investigation
with improved study design and sufficient patient numbers. 相似文献
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24.
Emine Sözeri Dietrich Feist Hans Ruder Karl Schärer 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1997,11(3):307-311
Renal lesions have repeatedly been described in Wilson’s disease (WD). We investigated the excretion of total protein, albumin,
low (LMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) proteins, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and calcium, as well as creatinine clearance, in 24-h urine samples of 41 patients with WD aged 6 – 37
(mean 17) years who had been treated for a period of 0 – 15 (mean 4.5) years with D-penicillamine (900 mg/day). The amount of all protein excreted was significantly increased compared with controls, 39% of
patients presenting with total proteinuria more than two standard deviations from the mean of controls. The changes in protein
excretion depended on the duration of treatment. LMW proteinuria was elevated almost exclusively in the first 2 years after
the start of treatment, indicating early tubular damage. This is supported by an initially high excretion of β2-microglobulin, NAG, and calcium. Increased excretion of HMW proteins, including albumin, persisted over longer periods, which
suggests glomerular injury in some patients, possibly related to the use of D-penicillamine. Creatinine clearance remained roughly within normal limits. We propose that renal function should regularly
be checked in patients with WD.
Received October 26, 1995; received in revised form August 27, 1996; accepted September 20, 1996 相似文献
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26.
Udaya DeSilva Laura Elnitski Jacquelyn R Idol Johannah L Doyle Weiniu Gan James W Thomas Scott Schwartz Nicole L Dietrich Stephen M Beckstrom-Sternberg Jennifer C McDowell Robert W Blakesley Gerard G Bouffard Pamela J Thomas Jeffrey W Touchman Webb Miller Eric D Green 《Genome research》2002,12(1):3-15
Williams syndrome is a complex developmental disorder that results from the heterozygous deletion of a approximately 1.6-Mb segment of human chromosome 7q11.23. These deletions are mediated by large (approximately 300 kb) duplicated blocks of DNA of near-identical sequence. Previously, we showed that the orthologous region of the mouse genome is devoid of such duplicated segments. Here, we extend our studies to include the generation of approximately 3.3 Mb of genomic sequence from the mouse Williams syndrome region, of which just over 1.4 Mb is finished to high accuracy. Comparative analyses of the mouse and human sequences within and immediately flanking the interval commonly deleted in Williams syndrome have facilitated the identification of nine previously unreported genes, provided detailed sequence-based information regarding 30 genes residing in the region, and revealed a number of potentially interesting conserved noncoding sequences. Finally, to facilitate comparative sequence analysis, we implemented several enhancements to the program, including the addition of links from annotated features within a generated percent-identity plot to specific records in public databases. Taken together, the results reported here provide an important comparative sequence resource that should catalyze additional studies of Williams syndrome, including those that aim to characterize genes within the commonly deleted interval and to develop mouse models of the disorder. 相似文献
27.
Gillingham MB Connor WE Matern D Rinaldo P Burlingame T Meeuws K Harding CO 《Molecular genetics and metabolism》2003,79(2):114-123
Current dietary therapy for long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) or trifunctional protein (TFP) deficiency consists of fasting avoidance, and limiting long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) intake. This study reports the relationship of dietary intake and metabolic control as measured by plasma acylcarnitine and organic acid profiles in 10 children with LCHAD or TFP deficiency followed for 1 year. Subjects consumed an average of 11% of caloric intake as dietary LCFA, 11% as MCT, 12% as protein, and 66% as carbohydrate. Plasma levels of hydroxypalmitoleic acid, hydroxyoleic, and hydroxylinoleic carnitine esters positively correlated with total LCFA intake and negatively correlated with MCT intake suggesting that as dietary intake of LCFA decreases and MCT intake increases, there is a corresponding decrease in plasma hydroxyacylcarnitines. There was no correlation between plasma acylcarnitines and level of carnitine supplementation. Dietary intake of fat-soluble vitamins E and K was deficient. Dietary intake and plasma levels of essential fatty acids, linoleic and linolenic acid, were deficient. On this dietary regimen, the majority of subjects were healthy with no episodes of metabolic decompensation. Our data suggest that an LCHAD or TFP-deficient patient should adhere to a diet providing age-appropriate protein and limited LCFA intake (10% of total energy) while providing 10-20% of energy as MCT and a daily multi-vitamin and mineral (MVM) supplement that includes all of the fat-soluble vitamins. The diet should be supplemented with vegetable oils as part of the 10% total LCFA intake to provide essential fatty acids. 相似文献
28.
Sangals J Heuer H Manzey D Lorenz B 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1999,129(3):378-390
A series of step-tracking experiments was conducted before, during, and after a 3-week space mission to assess the effects of prolonged microgravity on a non-postural motor-control task. In- and post-flight accuracy was affected only marginally. However, kinematic analyses revealed a considerable change in the underlying movement dynamics: too-small force and, thus, too-low velocity in the first part of the movements was mainly compensated by lengthening the deceleration phase of the primary movement, so that accuracy was regained at its end. The observed in-flight decrements in peak velocity and peak acceleration point to an underestimation of mass, in agreement with the re-interpretation hypothesis of Bock et. al. Post-flight no reversals of the in-flight changes (negative aftereffects) were found. Instead, there was a general slowing down, which could be due to post-flight physical exhaustion. 相似文献
29.
Protection against murine listeriosis by an attenuated recombinant Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain that secretes the naturally somatic antigen superoxide dismutase. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
J Hess G Dietrich I Gentschev D Miko W Goebel S H Kaufmann 《Infection and immunity》1997,65(4):1286-1292
A recombinant (r)-Salmonella typhimurium aroA vaccine strain was constructed which secretes the naturally somatic protein of Listeria monocytogenes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), by the HlyB/HlyD/TolC export machinery. Vaccine efficacy of the SOD-bearing carrier strain was compared with that of the p60-secreting construct, S. typhimurium p60s (J. Hess, I. Gentschev, D. Miko, M. Welzel, C. Ladel, W. Goebel, and S. H. E. Kaufmann, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:1458-1463, 1996). Vaccination of mice with both constructs induced protection against a lethal challenge with the intracellular pathogen, L. monocytogenes. While the somatic listerial antigen, SOD, is immunologically uncharacterized, the naturally secreted protein of L. monocytogenes, p60, is known to be highly immunogenic. Our data emphasize the high vaccine potential of r-Salmonella constructs secreting antigens of somatic or secreted origin. Moreover, they suggest that the HlyB/HlyD/TolC-based antigen delivery system with attenuated Salmonella spp. as the carrier is capable of potentiating the immune response against foreign proteins independent from their immunogenicity in and display by the natural host. 相似文献
30.
Obwaller A Duchêne M Bruhn H Steipe B Tripp C Kraft D Wiedermann G Auer H Aspöck H 《Parasitology research》2001,87(5):383-389
Myosins from nematode parasites elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses and have been investigated as vaccine candidates. In this study we cloned and sequenced a cDNA coding for myosin heavy chain from Toxocara canis, a nematode parasite of canids which may also infect humans and cause various unspecific symptoms. To determine the major antigenic regions the myosin heavy chain was systematically dissected into ten overlapping recombinant fusion polypeptides which were purified by metal chelate chromatography. Single fragments were then tested for their IgG reactivity in sera from toxocarosis patients and healthy probands. Two regions, one region at the mid to carboxy-terminal end of the head domain and one region in the rod domain, were identified as major antigens, which in combination were positive with 86% of the sera. The other domains were less reactive. This shows that the patients' IgG reactivity was not directed evenly against all parts of the molecule, but was rather clustered in few regions. 相似文献