Competitive behaviour amongst members of the same sex is termed intrasexual competition. The tendency to engage in such competition appears to be strongly related to stable individual characteristics such as personality traits. Additionally, recent studies have revealed transient fluctuations in competitiveness according to the female menstrual cycle. To date, no German questionnaire exists to measure intrasexual competition. Our first study aimed to translate and validate the Intrasexual Competition Scale (ICS) by Buunk and Fisher (J Evol Psychol 7:37–48, 2009) in a population of healthy Swiss females (n = 241). Our second study applied the validated German ICS in a group of healthy, regularly cycling females (n = 49) in order to examine possible associations between the menstrual cycle phase and ICS scores. The psychometric properties suggest that the German ICS is a reliable and valid tool to assess individual differences in female intrasexual competition. Furthermore, our second study demonstrated that on average, women showed higher intrasexual competition scores when tested in the late follicular phase (M = 35.77 ± SD = 12.03) compared to the mid-luteal phase (M = 30.93 ± SD = 10.20). Our studies support previous findings of an association between ICS scores and relatively stable individual characteristics such as personality traits. Furthermore, our research endorses the assumption of cycle-dependent fluctuations in intrasexual competition. Future research should clarify the precise mechanisms underlying these findings and include biomarkers such as oestrogen and testosterone.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with tyrosine-kinase signaling activity, involved in many cellular functions including cell growth and differentiation. Germ line loss-of-function mutations in EGFR lead to a severe neonatal skin disorder (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man #131550). We report 18 premature Roma children from 16 families with birthweights ranging 440–1470 g and multisystem diseases due to the homozygous mutation c.1283G˃A (p.Gly428Asp) in EGFR. They presented with thin, translucent, fragile skin (14/15), skin desquamation (10/17), ichthyosis (9/17), recurrent skin infections and sepsis (9/12), nephromegaly (10/16) and congenital heart defects (7/17). Their prognosis was poor, and all died before the age of 6 months except one 13-year-old boy with a severe skin disorder, dentinogenesis imperfecta, Fanconi-like syndrome and secondary hyperaldosteronism. Management of ion and water imbalances and extremely demanding skin care may improve the unfavorable outcome of such patients. 相似文献
In the context of salutogenesis, coping with diabetes is perceived as a dynamic process of changes in all aspects of biopsychosocial model of health/disease. Understanding of salutoprotective factors allows for estimation of client’s extent of vulnerability and ability to cope with the disease. The objective of the study is to assess selected salutoprotective factors in diabetic clients (SOC-type hardiness, well-being—subjective feelings and states scale [SUPOS], perceived social support scale [PSSS]). Low values of SOC, PSSS, and SUPOS suggest an increased need in psychosocial care. The possibility to strengthen an individual’s hardiness and to influence perceived social support adverts to the irreplaceable role of social workers at counseling and educational levels as well as that of a form of social support. 相似文献
Hydroa Vaciniforme is a very rare photodermatosis that is mainly seen in childhood.
An 18 year old female student reported that since the age of 5 she has been suffering
necrotic lesions and vesicles lesions in exposed areas, leaving asymptomatic
varioliform scars, which worsened in summer. Light microscopy showed epidermal
necrosis with lymphocytic infiltration. Sunscreens were prescribed with light
improvement. 相似文献
According to data from 2020, Slovakia has long been among the top five countries with the highest incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) worldwide, and the rate is continuing to rise every year. In approximately 80% of CRC cases, allelic loss (loss of heterozygosity, LOH) occurs in the long arm of chromosome 18q. The most important genes that can be silenced by 18q LOH or mutations are small mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) 2 and SMAD4, which are intracellular mediators of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily signals. TGF-β plays an important role in the pro-oncogenic processes, including such properties as invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (commonly known as EMT), promotion of angiogenesis, and immunomodulatory effects. Several recent studies have reported that activation of TGF-β signaling is related to drug resistance in CRC. Because the mechanisms of drug resistance are different between patients in different stages of CRC, personalized treatment is more effective. Therefore, knowledge of the activation and inhibition of factors that affect the TGF-β signaling pathway is very important. 相似文献