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31.
T. Maishman H. Sheikh P. Boger J. Kelly K. Cozens A. Bateman S. Davies M. Fay D. Sharland A. Jackson 《Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))》2021,33(5):e225-e231
AimsSelf-expanding metal stents provide rapid improvement of dysphagia in oesophageal cancer but are associated with complications. The aim of the present study was to test the effectiveness of an alternative treatment of combining biodegradable stents with radiotherapy.Materials and methodsA Simon two-stage single-arm prospective phase II trial design was used to determine the efficacy of biodegradable stents plus radiotherapy in patients with dysphagia caused by oesophagus cancer who were unsuitable for radical treatment. Fourteen patients were recruited and data from 12 were included in the final analyses.ResultsFive of 12 patients met the primary end point: one stent-related patient death; four further interventions for dysphagia within 16 weeks of stenting (41.7%, 95% confidence interval 15.2–72.3%). The median time to a 10-point deterioration of quality of life was 2.7 weeks. Nine patients died within 52 weeks of registration. The median time to death from any cause was 15.0 weeks (95% confidence interval 9.6–not reached).ConclusionThe high re-intervention observed, which met the pre-defined early stopping criteria, meant that the suggested alternative treatment was not sufficiently effective to be considered for a larger scale trial design. Further work is needed to define the place of biodegradable stents in the management of malignant oesophageal strictures. 相似文献
32.
Daniel J. Snyder Thomas R. Kroshus Aakash Keswani Evan B. Garden Karl M. Koenig Kevin J. Bozic David S. Jevsevar Jashvant Poeran Calin S. Moucha 《The Journal of arthroplasty》2019,34(4):613-618
Background
Nursing Home Compare (NHC) ratings, created and maintained by Medicare, are used by both hospitals and consumers to aid in the skilled nursing facility (SNF) selection process. To date, no studies have linked NHC ratings to actual episode-based outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether NHC ratings are valid predictors of 90-day complications, readmission, and bundle costs for patients discharged to an SNF after primary total joint arthroplasty (TJA).Methods
All SNF-discharged primary TJA cases in 2017 at a multihospital academic health system were queried. Demographic, psychosocial, and clinical variables were manually extracted from the health record. Medicare NHC ratings were then collected for each SNF. For patients in the Medicare bundle, postacute and total bundle cost was extracted from claims.Results
Four hundred eighty-eight patients were discharged to a total of 105 unique SNFs. In multivariate analysis, overall NHC rating was not predictive of 90-day readmission/major complications, >75th percentile postacute cost, or 90-day bundle cost exceeding the target price. SNF health inspection and quality measure ratings were also not predictive of 90-day readmission/major complications or bundle performance. A higher SNF staffing rating was independently associated with a decreased odds for >75th percentile 90-day postacute spend (odds ratio, 0.58; P = .01) and a 90-day bundle cost exceeding the target price (odds ratio = 0.69; P = .02) but was similarly not predictive of 90-day readmission/complications.Conclusion
Results of our study suggest that Medicare's NHC tool is not a useful predictor of 90-day costs, complications, or readmissions for SNFs within our health system. 相似文献33.
34.
Kyle E. Embertson Diann M. Krywko Eric R. Bunch 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2019,37(5):1005.e3-1005.e4
Nephrolithiasis is a common pathology encountered in the primary care and emergency department (ED) setting. In 2009 alone, there were over one million ED visits related to nephrolithiasis Higa et al. (2017) [1]. Emergent treatment options range from non-invasive pain control and patient education to lithotripsy and other invasive urologic procedures depending on stone location and related pathology. Urethral calculi are estimated to represent 0.3% of all urinary stone diseases Verit et al. (2006) [2]. There are very few case reports documenting distal urethral stone removal in the ED. Here we present a case of distal urethral stone impaction and the removal of this stone by ED providers, leading to expedited care and prevention of consultation and possible admission. 相似文献
35.
Devin B. Gillaspie Kimberly A. Davis Kevin M. Schuster 《American journal of surgery》2019,217(1):98-102
Background
We hypothesized that trends in total bilirubin in the context of cholecystitis and symptomatic cholelithiasis could be used to guide testing for the presence of common bile duct stones (CBDS).Methods
A review of adult patients with acute cholecystitis or biliary colic with elevated total bilirubin and at least two levels drawn prior to procedural intervention was performed. Trends of total bilirubin and other serum makers were examined to predict the presence of CBDS.Results
The total bilirubin level at presentation, average over 24?h and average over 48?h (3.74?mg/dl vs. 2.29?mg/dl, p?=?0.005; 3.72?mg/dl vs. 2.40?mg/dl, p?=?0.009; 2.41?mg/dl vs. 1.47?mg/dl, p?<?0.001) respectively, were all higher in those with CBDS. However, prediction was not improved by following levels over time.Conclusion
Patients presenting with elevated serum bilirubin, should undergo immediate imaging or procedural intervention rather than obtaining follow-up bilirubin levels. 相似文献36.
Bo Yang Elizabeth L. Norton Terry Shih Linda Farhat Xiaoting Wu Whitney E. Hornsby Karen M. Kim Himanshu J. Patel G. Michael Deeb 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(4):1313-1321.e2
Objective
To compare perioperative and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing hemiarch and aggressive arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).Methods
From 1996 to 2017, we compared outcomes of hemiarch (n = 322) versus aggressive arch replacements (zones 2 and 3 arch replacement with implantation of 2-4 arch branches, n = 150) in ATAAD. Indications for aggressive arch were arch aneurysm >4 cm or intimal tear in the aortic arch that was not resectable by hemiarch replacement, or dissection of arch branches with malperfusion.Results
Patients in the aggressive arch group were significantly younger (mean age: 57 vs 61 years old) and had significantly longer hypothermic circulatory arrest, cardiopulmonary bypass, and aortic crossclamp times. There were no significant differences in perioperative outcomes between hemiarch and aggressive arch groups, including 30-day mortality (5.3% vs 7.3%, P = .38) and postoperative stroke rate (7% vs 7%, P = .96). Over 15 years, Kaplan–Meier survival was similar between hemiarch and aggressive arch groups (log-rank P = .55, 10-year survival 70% vs 72%). Given death as a competing factor, incidence rates of reoperation over 15 years (2.1% vs 2.0% per year, P = 1) and 10-year cumulative incidence of reoperation (14% vs 12%, P = .89) for arch and distal aorta pathology were similar between the 2 groups.Conclusions
Both hemiarch and aggressive arch replacement are appropriate approaches for select patients with ATAAD. Aggressive arch replacement should be considered for an arch aneurysm >4 cm or an intimal tear at the arch unable to be resected by hemiarch replacement, or dissection of the arch branches with malperfusion. 相似文献37.
38.
M. Corral-Blanco V.C. Prudencio-Ribera M.E. Jarrín-Estupiñán R. Alonso-Moralejo V. Pérez-González J.C. Meneses-Pardo A. Hermira-Anchuelo A. De Pablo-Gafas 《Transplantation proceedings》2019,51(2):380-382
Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a comorbidity associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of PH on intrahospital mortality in lung transplantation (LT) for ILD.Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 66 patients who underwent LT for ILD at the 12 de Octubre University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) from October 2008 to June 2014. PH was defined as mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥25 mmHg on right-sided heart catheterization and intrahospital mortality as any death taken place after the transplantation of patients not being discharged.Results
We retrospectively analyzed data of 66 patients; they were stratified by the presence or absence of PH before LT. Twenty-seven patients (41%) had PH. The PH group had a lower diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO), carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO), and 6-minute walk distance test (6MWT) and a higher total lung capacity (TLC), modified medical research council dyspnea scale (mMRC), and lung allocation score (LAS) than the non-PH group. Patients with PH more often underwent double lung transplantation (DLT; 59%) than single lung transplantation (SLT).Intrahospital mortality was 13% (9/66). No significant differences were observed in Kaplan-Meier survival curves for the PH and non-PH groups with a median survival time of 46 days versus 33 days (IQR 26–74; log-rank P = .056); however, the postoperative length of stay in the hospital was greater in the PH group.Conclusions
In our cohort, pulmonary hypertension was not related to early mortality in lung transplantation recipients for interstitial lung diseases. 相似文献39.
Amgad El Mekabaty Monica S. Pearl Bommy Mershon Ivor Berkowitz Philippe Gailloud Thierry A.G.M. Huisman 《Journal of neuroradiology. Journal de neuroradiologie》2019,46(3):214-221
Background and purpose
The vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a rare congenital vascular malformation with a higher morbidity and mortality, especially in neonates. Ultrasound, CT and MR are usually used in diagnosis and treatment monitoring of these disorders. In this current study, we aim to examine utility of SWI in evaluation of treatment response in infants with VGAM.Materials and methods
We performed a retrospective chart analysis of children with VGAM in our institution between January 2008 and December 2016. Inclusion criteria included; confirmed VGAM on DSA; available SWI sequence at baseline and at follow up after at least a single embolization session; age at initial MR of 18?years or younger. Signal intensity and Angioarchitecture of VGAM and cerebral veins on SWI, as well as hydrocephalus and clinical outcome were evaluated.Results
Of 11 patients identified with VGAM in our institution, 5 children (3 males and 2 females) satisfied the inclusion criteria. The average age at initial MR was 29?days (range 1–120). Fourteen MRI were available for review. All children had VGAM of mural type. Intramedullary veins were dilated and SWI-hypointense in all children, while subependymal and sulcal veins were dilated and SWI-hypointense in 4 patients on initial MRI. On the first available follow up MRI, cerebral veins have mostly normalized in 4 children and remained mostly dilated and SWI-hypointense in 1 child; even after complete treatment of the VGAM.Conclusion
Our preliminary findings show that SWI seems to offer a beneficial non-invasive tool in evaluating passive venous congestion patterns in pediatric patients with VGAM. It remains to be determined in larger studies, the clinical significance of these SWI changes. 相似文献40.