Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 polymorphisms with uterine leiomyoma in Chinese
women.
Methods We investigated 100 women with clinically diagnosed uterine leiomyoma and 110 healthy normal subjects from Chinese women.
The genetic distribution of two CYP1A1 polymorphisms at MspI, Ile462Val and four CYP1B1 polymorphisms at Arg48Gly, Ala119Ser,
Leu432Val, Asp449Asp were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism and DNA sequencing
method.
Results All the SNPs showed polymorphisms in Chinese women. The genotype A/G and the allele G on Ile462Val was significantly different
between uterine leiomyoma patients and controls (P < 0.05).
Conclusion These results suggest that the genotype of CYP1A1 Ile462Val was associated with the increased risk of uterine leiomyomas in
Chinese women.
Capsule This is the first report that demonstrates the polymorphism at Ile462Val of CYP1A1 to be associated with uterine leiomyoma
in Chinese women. 相似文献
Evaluation of particle size distribution (PSD) of multimodal dispersion of nanoparticles is a difficult task due to inherent limitations of size measurement methods. The present work reports the evaluation of PSD of a dispersion of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles decorated with dextran known as multimodal and developed as nanomedecine.
Methods
The nine methods used were classified as batch particle i.e. Static Light Scattering (SLS) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), single particle i.e. Electron Microscopy (EM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing (TRPS) and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and separative particle i.e. Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation coupled with DLS (AsFlFFF) size measurement methods.
Results
The multimodal dispersion was identified using AFM, TRPS and NTA and results were consistent with those provided with the method based on a separation step prior to on-line size measurements. None of the light scattering batch methods could reveal the complexity of the PSD of the dispersion.
Conclusions
Difference between PSD obtained from all size measurement methods tested suggested that study of the PSD of multimodal dispersion required to analyze samples by at least one of the single size particle measurement method or a method that uses a separation step prior PSD measurement.
Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (hereafter referred to as omacetaxine) is a protein translation inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for adult patients with chronic myeloid leukemia with resistance and/or intolerance to two or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
The objective was to investigate the metabolite profile of omacetaxine in plasma, urine and faeces samples collected up to 72?h after a single 1.25-mg/m2 subcutaneous dose of 14C-omacetaxine in cancer patients.
High-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (MS) (high resolution) in combination with off-line radioactivity detection was used for metabolite identification.
In total, six metabolites of omacetaxine were detected. The reactions represented were mepesuccinate ester hydrolysis, methyl ester hydrolysis, pyrocatechol conversion from the 1,3-dioxole ring. Unchanged omacetaxine was the most prominent omacetaxine-related compound in plasma. In urine, unchanged omacetaxine was also dominant, together with 4′-DMHHT. In feces very little unchanged omacetaxine was found and the pyrocatechol metabolite of omacetaxine, M534 and 4′-desmethyl homoharringtonine (4′-DMHHT) was the most abundant metabolites.
Omacetaxine was extensively metabolized, with subsequent renal and hepatic elimination of the metabolites. The low levels of the metabolites found in plasma indicate that the metabolites are unlikely to contribute materially to the efficacy and/or toxicity of omacetaxine.
Rationale and objective Although many contingencies operating in the natural environment include continuous dimensions of responses and reinforcers,
previous studies of drug self-administration have almost exclusively used discrete dimensions of responses (e.g., a lever
press) and reinforcers (e.g., 1.0 mg/kg/injection cocaine). Therefore, the present study provides an initial examination under
experimental conditions with both responses and reinforcers measured along continuous dimensions.
Materials and methods Cocaine-maintained responding was studied in rats under a novel, hold-down schedule of reinforcement wherein the duration
of the response was directly related to the magnitude of the reinforcer. These conditions were established by activating the
syringe pump when the lever was pressed down and turning the pump off when the lever was released. The concentration of cocaine
available in the syringe was varied across sessions.
Results Cocaine self-administration was readily maintained under these conditions and remained stable across sessions. Responding
was concentration dependent, with the number of responses and total duration of the response inversely related to concentration,
and overall session intake of cocaine was stable across concentrations. In general, the duration of the responses were less
than 0.5 s and did not vary as a function of concentration.
Conclusions Stability of responding under these schedule conditions was acquired quickly. This schedule of reinforcement may be useful
for comparing across drug classes, can be extended for use with other types of responses and reinforcers, and may be more
representative of the natural world where response-reinforcer contingencies are more likely to be experienced along continuous,
rather than discrete, dimensions.
Drake Morgan and Yu Liu contributed equally to this publication. 相似文献
Topoisomerase I (Topo I) is a recognized target for ovarian, lung, and colorectal cancer therapy. The FDA-approved camptothecin (CPT) Topo I inhibitors, topotecan and irinotecan are labile and their effects are rapidly reversible. The indenoisoquinoline topoisomerase I inhibitors, NSC 743400 and NSC 725776, have been developed as a new generation of Topo I inhibitors and are being advanced to clinical evaluation. To support the clinical development of NSC 743400 and NSC 725776, we developed and validated, according to FDA guidelines, LC–MS/MS assays for the sensitive, accurate and precise quantitation of NSC 743400 and NSC 725776 in 0.2 mL human plasma. After ethyl acetate extraction, separation was achieved with a Synergi Polar RP column and a gradient of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile:water. NSC 743400 and NSC 725776 eluted at approximately 3 min, and the total run time was 14 min. Detection consisted of electrospray, positive-mode ionization mass spectrometry. Between 3 and 1000 ng/mL, accuracy was 96.9–108.2% for NSC 743400 and 95.1–106.7% for NSC 725776, and precision was <11.4% for NSC 743400 and <5.9% for NSC 725776. Extraction recovery was >80% for both analytes, and ion suppression ranged from −46.7 to 5.7%. The use of isotopically labeled internal standards and a wash phase at the end of the run were necessary to achieve adequate assay performance. Protein binding in human plasma as assessed by equilibrium dialysis showed both indenoisoquinolines to be more than 98% protein bound. 相似文献