柱前衍生HPLC法测定鸦胆子油中的脂肪酸含量

目的建立HPLC法测定鸦胆子油中的脂肪酸的方法。方法以2,4′-二溴苯乙酮为衍生化试剂,18-冠-6醚为相转移催化剂,采用KromasilC8(250mm×4mm,5μm)反相柱,波长254nm,以乙腈-水(80∶20)为流动相等度洗脱,柱温室温,体积流量为1.3mL/min,正十七烷酸为内标,一次基线分离5种脂肪酸。结果亚油酸的线性范围为0.022～0.330μg,软脂酸的线性范围为0.014～0.213μg,油酸线性范围为0.028～0.416μg,硬脂酸的线性范围为0.012～0.177μg。平均回收率分别为99.2%、97.2%、101.8%、97.8%,RSD分别为1.2%、1.5%、0.4%、2.3%。结论该方法重现性好,定量准确,可作为鸦胆子油中脂肪酸的定量方法。     

红松松塔挥发油的固相微萃取技术结合气相色谱-质谱法分析

目的 分析红松松塔挥发性成分的组成及含量,同时比较了三种固相微萃取纤维头对红松松塔挥发油的萃取效果.方法 利用PA、PDMS、PDMS/DVB 3种萃取头对红松松塔挥发性成分进行富集,采用GC-MS分析挥发性成分的组成.最后,运用累积峰面积标准化值对其萃取灵敏度进行评价.结果 PA萃取出43种化合物,PDMS和PDMS/DVB各萃取出46种化合物,其中共有化合物28种.结论 红松松塔挥发性成分主要为单萜和倍半萜类,其中含量较高的成分为α-蒎烯、D-柠檬烯、β-蒎烯、(1S)-3,7,7-三甲基二环[4.1.0]-3-庚烯等.3种萃取头萃取挥发性成分在种类和数量上均存在明显差异,通过对萃取松塔挥发性成分的种类、数量及累积峰面积标准化值的分析比较,确定PDMS萃取效果最佳.     

肠复康诱导人大肠癌HT29裸小鼠移植瘤细胞分化的研究

目的　探讨肠复康诱导人大肠癌HT2 9裸小鼠移植瘤细胞分化的作用。方法　建立人大肠癌HT2 9裸小鼠皮下移植瘤模型 ,用电子天平测量移植瘤的质量 ,苏木精—伊红染色观察瘤组织细胞的形态结构 ,结合图像分析系统半定量检测瘤细胞核分裂数及其形态计量学改变 ,并使用逐步引入剔出模型进行多元线性回归分析。结果　与模型组比 ,肠复康组和西药组均使移植瘤瘤体质量明显减轻 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 0 1) ,瘤组织细胞异型性降低 ,核分裂数、核仁面积 /核面积明显减少 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,且肠复康组的作用比西药组更为明显 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;同时 ,肠复康组瘤细胞核平均灰度明显降低 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,细胞核形状因子增高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,西药组以上改变不明显 (P >0 .0 5 )。回归分析结果 ,移植瘤质量与瘤细胞核平均灰度和核分裂数呈明显正相关。结论　肠复康能抑制人大肠癌HT2 9裸小鼠移植瘤的增殖 ,其机制之一可能是逆转瘤细胞的异型性 ,诱导瘤细胞的重新分化。     

Triterpenoids from Whole Plants of Phyllanthus urinaria

Objective To study the chemical constituents of whole plant of Phyllanthus urinaria and their biological activity.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography over silica gel,Rp-C_(18)(reverse phase),MCI,and Sephadex LH-20,as well as semi-preparative HPLC.NMR spectroscopic analyses were used for the structure identification.In this case,the inhibitory rate of NO production of the isolated triterpenoids was evaluated.Results Seven triterpenoids,identified as28-norlup-20(29)-ene-3,17β-diol(1),betulin(2),β-betulinic acid(3),3-oxofriedelan-28-oic acid(4),oleanolic acid(5),3R-E-coumaroyltaraxerol(6),and 3R-Zcoumaroyltaraxerol(7),were isolated and identified from the whole plants of P.urinaria.Compounds 1-5 exerted inhibitory effects against NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 mouse macrophages with the inhibitory rate of NO production ranging from 4.0%to 27.8%at the concentration of 25 μmol/L.Conclusion To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of compounds 1-4,6,and 7 from the family Euphorbiaceae.Compounds 1-5 exhibited inhibitory effects against NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.     

Selective Antibacterial Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Helicobacter pylori Based on Inhibition of Urease

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity and urease inhibitory effects of patchouli alcohol (PA), the bioactive ingredient isolated from Pogostemonis Herba, which has been widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The activities of PA against selected bacteria and fungi were determined by agar dilution method. It was demonstrated that PA exhibited selective antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, without influencing the major normal gastrointestinal bacteria. Noticeably, the antibacterial activity of PA was superior to that of amoxicillin, with minimal inhibition concentration value of 78 µg/mL. On the other hand, PA inhibited ureases from H. pylori and jack bean in concentration‐dependent fashion with IC₅₀ values of 2.67 ± 0.79 mM and 2.99 ± 0.41 mM, respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk plots indicated that the type of inhibition was non‐competitive against H. pylori urease whereas uncompetitive against jack bean urease. Reactivation of PA‐inactivated urease assay showed DL‐dithiothreitol, the thiol reagent, synergistically inactivated urease with PA instead of enzymatic activity recovery. In conclusion, the selective H. pylori antibacterial activity along with urease inhibitory potential of PA could make it a possible drug candidate for the treatment of H. pylori infection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Chemical Constituents from Stems of Cistanches deserticola

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the stems of Cistanches deserticola. Methods The compounds were purified by various column chromatographic methods and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic(1D, 2D NMR, IR, [?]D, and MS) and chemical analyses. Results Seven compounds were isolated and identified as kankanoside D1(1), ajugol(2), cistanin(3), uridine(4), adenosine(5), 6-deoxycatalpol(6), and kankanoside D(7). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound.     

粗针皮下透刺神道穴对慢性荨麻疹患者症状积分及血清IgE的影响

目的:观察粗针皮下透刺神道穴对慢性荨麻疹患者的疗效。方法:将60例慢性荨麻疹患者随机分为粗针组及西药组,各30例。粗针组采用粗针皮下透刺神道穴,每日1次,每周5次,治疗2周为一疗程。西药组口服盐酸左西替利嗪片,5mg/次,6周为一疗程。观察两组患者治疗前,治疗2周、6周、12周的血清IgE水平及症状积分的变化。结果:两组患者在治疗2周、6周血清IgE水平与治疗前比较均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01):治疗12周后,粗针组血清IgE水平和症状积分与治疗前比较仍下降(P<0.01),西药组血清IgE水平和症状积分与治疗前比较虽有下降,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗前、治疗2周、6周两组患者间的血清IgE水平和症状积分比较差异没有统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗12周,粗针组血清IgE水平和症状积分明显低于西药组(P<0.05);两组治疗前后血清IgE水平和症状积分呈正相关。结论:粗针皮下透刺神道穴可以有效降低慢性荨麻疹患者的血清IgE水平及改善临床症状。     

尿中乙型肝炎病毒DNA检测对小儿乙肝相关性肾炎诊断价值研究

目的　探讨尿中乙肝病毒DNA(HBV DNA)的检测对诊断小儿乙肝病毒相关性肾炎 (HBV GN)的意义。方法　应用聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)、免疫荧光 (IF)及原位杂交法 (ISH)检测患儿血清和尿中HBV DNA及肾活检石蜡包埋组织切片中HBV抗原与HBV DNA的存在状况。结果　 32例患儿经血清HBV DNA与肾组织中HBV抗原检测 ,符合HBV GN诊断的 19例 ,其中 11例经ISH检测发现肾活检石蜡包埋组织切片中HBV DNA阳性 ,13例尿HBV DNA阳性 ,阳性率分别为 5 7 9%、6 8 5 %。结论　检测肾小球疾病患儿尿中HBV DNA可协助HBV GN的临床诊断     

泼尼松治疗婴儿痉挛症有效性及HPA轴机制分析

目的 通过研究泼尼松治疗前后婴儿痉挛症(infantile spasm,IS)的发作、脑电图的改变及下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴功能的改变,探讨泼尼松治疗婴儿痉挛症的有效性、HPA轴在IS发病机制中的作用,阐明泼尼松控制痉挛发作的HPA轴相关机制.方法 共收集30例符合标准IS病例(IS组),与30例健康婴幼儿(对照组)对比,对30例IS病例在泼尼松治疗前后进行发作次数记录、EEG监测、HPA轴功能检测,采用化学发光法检测血清皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素(adreno-cortico-tropic-hormone,ACTH)水平;利用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(corticotro-phin Releasing hormone,CRH)水平.结果 用药前IS组血清CRH水平均较正常对照组高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而IS组血皮质醇、ACTH与正常对照组比较无明显差别,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);平均每日发作串数、平均每日发作总次数分别与CRH呈正相关(P<0.05);应用泼尼松后,经泼尼松治疗后30例IS病例有19例发作控制,11例发作未控制,有18例脑电高度失律完全缓解,12例脑电高度失律未完全缓解,治疗后每日发作串数及每日发作总次数均较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗后的DQ较治疗前DQ改善,有统计学意义(P<0.05),病程是泼尼松治疗效果的主要影响因素,病程越长,治疗效果越差,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后的CRH、皮质醇、ACTH较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 泼尼松能有效控制婴儿痉挛症的发作,早期治疗效果更好,IS患儿存在HPA轴功能紊乱,泼尼松能调节HPA轴功能紊乱起到控制痉挛发作的效果.