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991.
Three‐Dimensional Visualization of Developing Neurovascular Architecture in the Craniofacial Region of Embryonic Mice
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Toshiaki Sugimoto Yuji Taya Yoshihito Shimazu Yuuichi Soeno Kaori Sato Takaaki Aoba 《Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)》2015,298(11):1824-1835
Recent studies have highlighted the mechanism of vascular and axonal guidance to ensure proper morphogenesis and organogenesis. We aimed to perform global mapping of developing neurovascular networks during craniofacial development of embryonic mice. To this end, we developed histology‐based three‐dimensional (3D) reconstructions using paraffin‐embedded serial sections obtained from mouse embryos. All serial sections were dual‐immunolabeled with Pecam1 and Pgp9.5/Gap43 cocktail antibodies. All immunolabeled serial sections were digitized with virtual microscopy to acquire high spatial resolution images. The 3D reconstructs warranted superior positional accuracy to trace the long‐range connectivity of blood vessels and individual cranial nerve axons. It was feasible to depict simultaneously the details of angiogenic sprouting and axon terminal arborization and to assess quantitatively the locoregional proximity between blood vessels and cranial nerve axons. Notably, 3D views of the craniofacial region revealed the following: Branchial arch arteries and blood capillary plexi were formed without accompanying nerves at embryonic day (E) 9.5. Cranial nerve axons began to grow into the branchial arches, developing a labyrinth of small blood vessels at E10.5. Vascular remodeling occurred, and axon terminals of the maxillary, mandibular, chorda tympani, and hypoglossal nerve axons had arborized around the lateral lingual swellings at E11.5. The diverged patterning of trigeminal nerves and the arterial branches from the carotid artery became congruent at E11.5. The overall results support the advantage of dual‐immunolabeling and 3D reconstruction technology to document the architecture and wiring of the developing neurovascular networks in mouse embryos. Anat Rec, 298:1824–1835, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
992.
993.
Takaaki Fujita Atsushi Sato Yui Togashi Ryuichi Kasahara Takuro Ohashi Yuichi Yamamoto 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):815-818
[Purpose] The trunk muscles frequently become weak after stroke, thus impacting overall
activities of daily living. However, activities of daily living items closely related with
trunk strength remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the influence of trunk muscle
weakness on activities of daily living items. [Subjects] The subjects were 24 stroke
patients who fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: first stroke and the absence of
severe paralysis, marked cognitive function deterioration, unilateral spatial neglect or
apathy. [Methods] According to abdominal strength, the 24 patients were divided into a
nonweakness group and a weakness group. For the assessment, we used the stroke impairment
assessment set, the Berg balance scale, a simple test for evaluating hand function, grip
strength, and functional independence measure scale scores and the results were compared
between the groups. [Results] The Berg balance scale score and scores for dressing, toilet
use, transfer to bed, and walk items of the functional independence measure were
significantly lower in the weakness group than in the nonweakness group. [Conclusion] Our
results suggest that weakness of the abdominal muscles adversely impacts the balance of
patients with mild stroke as well as their ability to dress, use a toilet, transfer, and
walk. Trunk training, including abdominal muscle exercises, can effectively improve the
performance of these activities of daily living items.Key words: Stroke, Activities of daily living, Abdominal muscles 相似文献
994.
Hideki Ota Hideki Kawai Makoto Sato Kazuaki Ito Satoshi Fujishima Hiroko Suzuki 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):859-864
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to clarify the benefits of early mobilization for
mechanically ventilated patients for their survival to discharge to home from the
hospital. [Subjects and Methods] Medical records were retrospectively analyzed of patients
who satisfied the following criteria: age ≥ 18 years; performance status 0–2 and
independent living at their home before admission; mechanical ventilation for more than 48
h; and survival after mechanical ventilation. Mechanically ventilated patients in the
early mobilization (EM) group (n = 48) received mobilization therapy, limb exercise and
chest physiotherapy, whereas those in the control group (n = 60) received bed rest alone.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify
clinical variables associated with discharge disposition. [Results] Early mobilization was
a positive independent factor and the presence of neurological deficits was a negative
factor contributing to discharge to home. Among patients surviving mechanical ventilation
without neurological deficits, the rate of discharge to home was significantly higher
among patients in the EM group that in the control group (76% vs. 40%). [Conclusion] Early
mobilization can improve the rate of discharge to home of patients requiring mechanical
ventilation because of non-neurological deficits.Key words: Mechanical ventilation, Early mobilization, Physiotherapy 相似文献
995.
Y. Karino I. Ozeki S. Hige M. Kimura T. Arakawa T. Nakajima Y. Kuwata T. Sato T. Ohmura J. Toyota 《Journal of viral hepatitis》2014,21(5):341-347
We aimed to examine the relationship between renal dysfunction and anaemia that may develop during combination therapy involving pegylated interferon, ribavirin and telaprevir (PEG‐IFN/RBV/TVR) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Sixty‐eight patients with genotype 1b high viral loads were treated with PEG‐IFN/RBV/TVR. Peg‐IFN and RBV doses were administered according to body weight. TVR was prescribed at 2250 mg/day for 44 patients and at 1500 mg/day for 24 patients who had low haemoglobin level (<12 g/dL). When anaemia had developed, the RBV dose was decreased. The serum TVR concentration at day 8 was measured, and the serum RBV concentration was measured serially. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was estimated to assess renal function. At week 1, serum TVR concentration was not correlated with a decrease in eGFR; however, the TVR dose, on a weight basis (mg/kg), and eGFR were correlated (r = 0.2691; P = 0.0265). Moreover, there was a negative correlation between eGFR and RBV serum concentration (r = −0.3694; P = 0.0025), and the serum RBV concentration and decrease in the haemoglobin were significantly correlated from week 1 to week 8. In triple therapy, the TVR dose per weight is correlated with a decline in renal function. Thus, the serum concentration of RBV increases, with a concomitant decrease in haemoglobin. It is important to adjust the doses of TVR and RBV to avoid excessive serum RBV levels and the development of severe anaemia, to achieve a good clinical effect. 相似文献
996.
997.
Norihiro Sato Kei Yabuki Kazunori Shibao Yasuhisa Mori Toshihisa Tamura Aiichiro Higure Koji Yamaguchi 《HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association》2014,16(2):177-182
Background: A prolonged operative time is associated with adverse post-operative outcomes in laparoscopic surgery. Although a single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) requires a longer operative time as compared with a conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy, risk factors for a prolonged operative time in SILC remain unknown.Methods: A total of 20 clinical variables were retrospectively reviewed to identify factors for a prolonged operative time (longer than 3 h) in a total of 220 consecutive patients undergoing SILC.Results: The median operative time was 145 min (range, 55–435) and a prolonged operative time was required in 62 patients (28%). Independent factors that predict a prolonged operative time as identified through multivariate analysis were body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.009), acute cholecystitis (P < 0.001) and operator (resident or staff surgeon) (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a prolonged operative time was significantly associated with an increased amount of intra-operative blood loss (P < 0.001) and a prolonged stay after surgery (P < 0.001).Conclusions: These findings suggest that a higher BMI, acute cholecystitis and a resident as an operator significantly increase the duration of SILC procedures. 相似文献
998.
Peachy Mae Piana Voichita Bar Laura Doyle Rani Anne Takami Sato David J Eschelman Jeffrey W McCann Carin F Gonsalves Daniel B Brown 《HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association》2014,16(4):336-341
Objectives
This study was conducted to determine the incidence of early stasis in radioembolization using resin yttrium-90 (Y-90) microspheres, to evaluate potential contributing factors, and to review initial imaging outcomes.Methods
Patients in whom early stasis occurred were compared with those in whom complete delivery was achieved for tumour type and vascularity, tumour : normal liver ratio (T : N ratio) at technetium-99m-macroaggregated albumin (Tc-99m-MAA) angiography, previous intra-arterial therapy, and infusion site (left, right or whole liver). Tumour response was evaluated at 3 months and defined according to whether a partial response and stable disease versus progressive disease were demonstrated.Results
A total of 71 patients underwent 128 Y-90 infusions in which 26 (20.3%) stasis events occurred. Hypervascular and hypovascular tumours had similar rates of stasis (17.4% versus 27.8%; P = NS). The mean ± standard deviation T : N ratio was 3.03 ± 1.54 and 3.66 ± 2.79 in patients with and without stasis, respectively (P = NS). Stasis occurred in 14 of 81 (17.3%) and 12 of 47 (25.5%) infusions following previous intra-arterial therapy and in therapy-naïve territories, respectively (P = NS). Early stasis occurred in 15 of 41 (36.6%) left, 10 of 65 (15.4%) right and one of 22 (4.5%) whole liver infusions (P < 0.001). Rates of partial response and stable disease were similar in the stasis (88.3%) and non-stasis (76.0%) groups (P = NS).Conclusions
Early stasis occurred in approximately 20% of infusions with similar incidences in hyper-and hypovascular tumours. Whole-liver therapy reduced the incidence of stasis. Stasis did not appear to affect initial imaging outcomes. 相似文献999.
Nobutoshi Komatsu Utaroh Motosugi Shinya Maekawa Kuniaki Shindo Minoru Sakamoto Mitsuaki Sato Akihisa Tatsumi Mika Miura Fumitake Amemiya Yasuhiro Nakayama Taisuke Inoue Mitsuharu Fukasawa Tomoyoshi Uetake Masahiko Ohtaka Tadashi Sato Yasuhiro Asahina Masayuki Kurosaki Namiki Izumi Tomoaki Ichikawa Tsutomu Araki Nobuyuki Enomoto 《Hepatology research》2014,44(13):1339-1346
1000.