IMPORTANCE OF DONOR SELECTION IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION

Renal transplantation has become a treatment of choice for patients with end stage renal disease. A successful transplant is the result of a combination of several factors acting synergistically, such as the degree of HLA compatibility between donor and the recipient, pretransplant blood transfusions, the recipient''s state of immunoreactivity and sensitization, immunosuppressive therapy given in post operative period etc. Donor selection appears to be the most critical factor for the long term success of the organ graft. In this brief review, some of the important parameters of donor selection in renal transplantation are highlighted.KEY WORDS: Histocompatibility (HLA) matching, Cross match, Sensitization     

人卵促性腺激素释放肽（hF－GRP）及其类似物合成和生物活性初探

用固相法合成了ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ及其１５个类似物。全部裂解均用三氟甲磺酸完成。产物总收率６０％～８０％。对所有合成肽进行了影响离体的小鼠垂体分泌ＬＨ的活性筛选。结果表明，当合成肽的浓度为０．０５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时：（１）将ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ的Ｃ端ＣＯＯＨ变成ＣＯＮＨ２，活性变化不大；（２）Ｃ端残基Ａｓｎ１４被Ｐｈｅ替换后刺激垂体分泌ＬＨ的活性明显高于ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ；（３）Ｔｈｒ３被Ｔｙｒ替换后片段ｈＦ－ＧＲＰ（３～１３）有抑制ＬＨ分泌的活性；（４）其余类似物与空白对照相似。     

异一枝蒿酮酸的结构

从新疆一枝蒿(Artemisia rupestris L.)中分得一个新成分,命名为异一枝蒿酮酸(isorupestonic acid),根据光谱(IR,UV,MS.NMR),X-ray晶体衍射及CD谱分析,确定其结构及绝对构型。并经X-ray晶体衍射及CD谱分析修正了一枝蒿酮酸的绝对构型。     

EARLY DIAGNOSIS IN POST RENAL TRANSPLANT OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS: A FRESH LOOK

A total of 86 renal transplant patients who were transplanted with live related donor (LRD) and live unrelated donor (LURD) kidneys were studied for opportunistic infections. Immune diagnosis of Toxoplasma, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes-simplex virus type II (HSV-2), Aspergillosis and Tuberculosis was carried out in these patients along with sputum examination, CSF studies and biopsy of lymphnode and other tissues in few cases. A high degree of Toxoplasma, CMV & HSV-2 positivity was seen in transplanted patients. However sensitivity of serological diagnosis of tuberculos was found to be low with standard criteria, which increased significantly when modified criteria were used. It is concluded that regular immunological monitoring should be carried out in transplanted patients so as to reach an early diagnosis and management of opportunistic infections.KEY WORDS: Immune diagnosis, Opportunistic infections, Transplantation     

Catechol, a bioactive degradation product of salicortin, reduces TNF-α induced ICAM-1 expression in human endothelial cells

The phenolic glucoside salicortin was isolated from a Willow bark extract, and its ability to reduce the TNF- α induced ICAM-1 expression (10 ng/mL, 30 min pretreatment with salicortin) was tested IN VITRO on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). After 24 h, 25 μM salicortin decreased the TNF- α induced ICAM-1 expression to 65.9 % compared to cells which were treated only with TNF- α. In parallel, the stability of 25 μM salicortin under assay conditions was determined by HPLC. Within 24 h, the salicortin concentration decreased to 3.1 μM whereas catechol, a known NF- κB inhibitor, rose as a metabolite. After 8 h the catechol concentration was relatively constant and varied between 8.2 and 10.9 μM. Considering this degradation in the IN VITRO test system, 10 μM catechol was added 8 h after TNF- α stimulation, and 16 h later the ICAM-1 expression was determined. In this setting, the ICAM-1 expression was reduced to 74.8 %. This is comparable to the effect obtained from 25 μM salicortin and indicates that its activity is related to the generation of catechol, as salicin, saligenin, and salicylic acid are only marginally active or inactive in this test system in a concentration up to 50 μM. These results indicate catechol as an important bioactive metabolite from salicortin.     

Imaging in bronchopulmonary sequestration

Bronchopulmonary sequestration is an uncommon pulmonary disorder characterized by an area of non‐functioning abnormal lung tissue, which receives its blood supply from a systemic artery and characteristically has no connection with the tracheobronchial tree. The abnormal lung tissue is located within the visceral pleura of a pulmonary lobe in the intralobar variety, whereas the extralobar form has its own visceral pleura. The venous drainage of the extralobar type is usually into the systemic veins, whereas the intralobar type drains into the pulmonary veins. Radiological imaging plays a vital role in establishing the diagnosis, and even more importantly, in providing to the clinician a vascular roadmap essential for surgical planning. We present here a review of bronchopulmonary sequestration and also discuss the role of various imaging methods in the early diagnosis and management of these cases.     

HPLC分离测定格列齐特片及其有关物质

目的：建立新的HPLC法分离测定格列齐特征及其有关物质。方法：色谱条件为：Shim-Pack VP-ODS(5um,150mm*4.6mm i.d.)色谱柱;甲醇－0．02mol/L磷酸（用三乙胺调节PH至3．5）,（70：30）为流动相;检测波长为229nm。结果：在50－300ug;/ml的浓度范围内线性关系良好。r=0.9999(n=6);平均回收率为100．5％,RSD为0．17％（n=6),重复进样RSD为0．12％（n=6),格列齐特及其有关物质得到基线分离。结论：本法简便,快速,准确,适用于格列齐特及其制剂的质量控制。