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991.
Jesper Srensen Georg Haase Christian Krarup Helene Gilgenkrantz Axel Kahn Henning Schmalbruch 《Annals of neurology》1998,43(2):205-211
We transferred a reporter gene to Schwann cells to test whether they might serve as an endoneurial delivery system for therapeutic proteins. A replication-defective adenoviral vector carrying the gene for β-galactosidase (lacZ) was injected into the distal segment of intact or crushed sciatic nerves of adult rats, and the expression of lacZ was histochemically assessed. Less than 1% of the Schwann cells became reactive in intact nerves, but up to 18% of the proliferating Schwann cells of injured nerves expressed lacZ. Gene expression decayed with time but might persist for up to 2 months. It was enhanced by immunosuppression: daily cyclosporin A injections reduced both proliferation of Schwann cells and lymphocytic infiltration of the nerve, whereas tolerance induced by a single intrathymic injection of the vector 4 days after birth abolished the inflammatory response but not the proliferation of Schwann cells. The vector itself did not impede axonal regeneration. The results indicate that adenoviral gene transfer to Schwann cells in injured nerves is possible and suggest that induced production of neurotrophic factor may represent a therapeutic supplement to surgical nerve repair. 相似文献
992.
Suresh Raina Helene Z. Hill George J. Hill Benjamin F. Rush 《Journal of surgical oncology》1984,26(1):51-52
The effect of varying schedules for administration of two drugs, dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (DTIC) and methylcyclohexyl chloroethyl nitrosourea (MeCCNU), was studied using the Harding-Passey Mouse melanoma in the subrenal capsular assay. The results of the assay indicate that the responses of the tumor varied depending on the schedule of administration. The best response, with a mean decrease in dimensions of 3.0 ocular micrometer units (± 1.12 SD), was noted with administration of DTIC on day 1 after tumor implantation, followed by MeCCNU on day 2. These results are similar to previously reported data in CD2F1 mice bearing intraperitonal Harding-Passey melanoma and suggest that the subrenal capsular assay may be of use in determining the best combinations and schedules of administration for treatment of tumors. 相似文献
993.
Concentric joint space narrowing of the hip associated with hemosiderotic synovitis (HS) including pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tod G. Abrahams M.D. Helene Pavlov M.D. Manjula Bansal M.D. Peter Bullough M.D. 《Skeletal radiology》1988,17(1):37-45
Concentric joint space narrowing of the hip is an expected radiographic finding in cases of inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis or sepsis. However, similar joint space narrowing is associated with chronic hemorrhagic conditions that produce hemosiderotic synovitis. Hemosiderotic synovitis results from chronic intraarticular bleeding such as occurs in pigmented villonodular synovitis, generalized bleeding diathesis, synovial hemangioma, and chronic trauma. Five hips in five patients with concentric joint space narrowing not associated with inflammatory arthritis or with hemophilia were reviewed clinically, radiographically, and pathologically. All patients had a hemosiderotic synovitis. The definitive diagnosis of pigmented villonodular synovitis was made pathologically in two cases that demonstrated nodular areas of giant cell proliferation, collagen production, and lipid-laden histiocytes on histologic samples. 相似文献
994.
995.
A comparison of the initial rates of aminoacylation of tRNAs isolated from different sources for 17 amino acids was peformed. tRNA was isolated from NMRI mouse liver (tRNA L) and from Krebs II ascites tumors (tRNA Asc), and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were prepared from the latter cells. The aminoacylation of tRNA Asc was 31–88% slower than the charging of tRNA L.In similar studies, tRNA from a mouse plasmacytoma tumor (tRNA Mt) and from suspension cultured cells of the same cell line (tRNA M) were compared to tRNA L in the aminoacylation reaction catalysed by synthetases isolated from tumor or suspension cultured cells. About half of the tRNAs (Mt or M) for the 17 amino acids tested differed in charging rate when compared to tRNA L, but the differences were not as great as those observed in the experiments where tRNA Asc and tRNA L were compared. 相似文献
996.
Helene Bach-Mizrachi Mark D Underwood Suham A Kassir Mihran J Bakalian Etienne Sibille Hadassah Tamir J John Mann Victoria Arango 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2006,31(4):814-824
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and suicide are associated with deficient serotonergic neurotransmission. Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate-limiting biosynthetic enzyme for serotonin. Previously, we reported elevated levels of TPH protein in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of depressed suicides and now examine expression of neuronal TPH2 mRNA in a cohort of matched controls and depressed suicides (n = 11 pairs). DRN TPH2 mRNA was measured by densitometric analysis of autoradiograms from in situ hybridization histochemistry experiments. TPH2 mRNA is confirmed as the raphe-specific isoform of TPH in human brain, and is expressed in neurons throughout the anteroposterior extent of the DRN and median raphe nucleus (MRN). TPH2 mRNA expression correlates with TPH protein distribution in the DRN, and has a negative correlation with age. In drug-free suicides, TPH2 expression is 33% higher in the DRN and 17% higher in the MRN as compared to matched nonpsychiatric controls. Higher levels of TPH2 mRNA were found throughout the entire extent of the rostrocaudal axis of the DRN, and were not specific to any single subnucleus. Higher TPH2 mRNA expression may explain more TPH protein observed in depressed suicides and reflect a homeostatic response to deficient brain serotonergic transmission. 相似文献
997.
The problem of activation of cyclophosphamide (CY) for an in vitro chemosensitivity assay was studied using the B16 melanoma. The efficacy of the S9 hepatic microsomal fraction in vitro was compared with activation by passage of drug in vivo. The effect of CY was assayed by inhibition of tritiated thymidine (3HdThd) uptake by B16 tumor cells in vitro, and by its effect in single dose in vivo on the life span of syngeneic C57BL/6 mice injected with B16 tumor cells. In vivo activation of CY that was achieved by injecting 20 mg of CY intraperitoneally (i.p.) into mice and obtaining plasma 20 minutes later was more rapid and more reproducible, while in vitro activation provided a more potent preparation and a better quantitative correlation with the in vivo effect of CY. The activation activity of different preparations of S9 microsomal fractions was found to be directly related to the activity of aminopyrine demethylase, a mixed function oxidase enzyme, in the S9 fraction, rather than to total protein concentration. The S9-activated drug required 2 1/2 to 3 hours to achieve maximum inhibition of subsequent tumor cell tritiated thymidine (3HdThd) incorporation compared with 20 minutes to achieve maximum inhibition by in vivo activated drug. We conclude that rapid qualitative screening for effectiveness of CY may best be done with in vivo activated drug, whereas quantitative prediction of effective concentration appears to be best achieved with drug activated in vitro by the hepatic S9 fraction. 相似文献
998.
999.
Helen Karounis MDCM Serge Gouin MDCM Harley Eisman MDCM Dominic Chalut MDCM Helene Pelletier RN BSc Bruce Williams MD 《Academic emergency medicine》2004,11(7):730-735
OBJECTIVES: To show that the use of absorbable sutures in pediatric traumatic lacerations affords good long-term cosmesis and no increase in complications (infection, dehiscence rates, and need for surgical scar revision) when compared with wounds sutured with nonabsorbable sutures. METHODS: This was a randomized clinical trial conducted in a pediatric emergency department. Patients 1-18 years of age who presented to the emergency department with lacerations < 12 hours old were recruited between January 1999 and December 2001. Exclusion criteria were the following: wounds that could be approximated by tissue adhesives, animal/human bites, gross contamination, puncture/crush wounds, wounds crossing joints, lacerations of tendon/nerve/cartilage, collagen vascular disease, immunodeficiency, diabetes mellitus, bleeding disorder, and scalp lacerations. Patients were randomized into one of two groups: those receiving absorbable plain gut sutures (group A) and those receiving nonabsorbable nylon sutures (group NA). Board-eligible/certified pediatric emergency physicians or clinical fellows performed laceration repair in a standardized approach. All wounds were reevaluated within ten days by a single research nurse who assessed the wounds using a previously validated wound evaluation score (WES) composed of six items (presence of step-off, contour irregularities, margin separation, edge inversion, extensive distortion, and overall cosmetic appearance). A score of 6/6 was considered optimal. The study nurse also noted the presence of infection and dehiscence. The patients were then seen by a single blinded plastic surgeon at four or five months who evaluated the wound using a previously validated visual analog scale of cosmesis (VAS). In addition, the surgeon repeated the WES and assessed the need for surgical scar revision. RESULTS: A total of 147 patients were eligible, and 52 patients declined to participate. Of the 95 patients enrolled, 50 were randomized to group A and 45 to group NA. The two groups had similar ages, gender distributions, rates of use of sedation or steri-strips, wound lengths and widths, mechanisms of injury, and wound locations. At the short-term follow-up, no difference was found in the proportion of optimal WES scores between group A (63% of patients) and group NA (49% of patients) (relative risk = 0.73; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.45 to 1.17). No difference was found in the rates of infection and dehiscence between the two groups. Sixty-three of the 95 patients presented for long-term follow-up. The groups remained similar with respect to patient and wound characteristics as well as wound location. The average VAS score at four months was 79 (95% CI = 73 to 85) for group A and 66 (95% CI = 55 to 76) for group NA. In addition, no differences were found in the proportion of optimal WES between group A (36% of patients) and group NA (28% of patients) at four months (relative risk = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.62 to 1.26). Surgical scar revision was recommended for only three patients, of whom two were in group A. No patients chose to have their scars revised. No differences were found between group A and group NA for the rates of dehiscence (2% vs. 11%; p = 0.07) and infection (0 vs. 2; p = 0.3). CONCLUSIONS: The use of plain catgut absorbable sutures in the repair of traumatic lacerations in children appears to be an acceptable alternative to nonabsorbable sutures because the long-term cosmetic outcome seems to be at least as good. In this study, plain gut suture material seemed to provide slightly better cosmesis. In addition, no difference was found in the rate of dehiscence or infection between the groups. 相似文献
1000.
Gijs H. KleinJan Nynke S. van den Berg Jeroen de Jong Esther M. Wit Helene Thygessen Erik Vegt Henk G. van der Poel Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2016,43(7):1278-1287