^1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy screening for animals with acute cerebral infraction suitable forthrombolytic therapy

BACKGROUND: As a non-invasive technique which can provide comprehensive biological information, 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) may provide valuable reference data for irreversible recovery or reversible changes in ischemic tissue after stroke. OBJECTIVE: To monitor and evaluate the effect of the urokinase thrombolytic therapy after experimental acute cerebral ischemia by 1H-MRS technology and investigate its adaptability. DESIGN: Randomly controlled animal study. SETTINGS: Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science. MATERIALS: Eleven healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, weighing 260–300 g and of both genders, were supplied by Experimental Animal Center of Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology [SCXK (e) 2004-007]. 4.7T superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance meter was provided by Brucker Company. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University and National Key Laboratory of Pattern and Atom & Molecular Physics, Wuhan Physics and Mathematics Institute, Chinese Academy of Science from August 2003 to December 2005. ① The rats were randomly divided into 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =6) and 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group (n =5). Six rats in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded with clot embolus for 30 minutes and 5 rats in 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group were occluded for 60 minutes. 10 000 U/kg urokinase was dissolved in 2 mL saline and the operation lasted for 5 minutes. ② 1H-MRS was performed before thrombolysis and at 3 hours and 24 hours after successful embolization. The metabolic changes of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid (NAA)/phosphocreatine (PCr) + creatine (Cr), choline phosphate (Cho)/PCr+Cr and lactic acid (Lac)/PCr+Cr in the region of interests were analyzed. ③ The T2W image was conducted 24 hours after the thrombolytic therapy with TR=500 ms and TE=25 ms. ④ The subjects were sacrificed immediately after 1H-MRS and the brain tissues were cut into pieces and stained with HE method; in addition, pathological changes were observed under optic microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Metabolic changes of NAA/PCr+Cr, Cho/PCr+Cr and Lac/PCr+Cr in the region of interests; ② T2W image at 24 hours after the thrombolysis; ③ pathological observation of brain tissue. RESULTS: Eleven rats were all involved in the final analysis. ① Metabolic changes in the region of interests : In 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac peak emerged immediately after the embolism, but the ischemic zone decreased 3 hours after the thrombolytic therapy (0.252±0.01, 0.603±0.01, P < 0.01). Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was 0.290±0.01 at 24 hours after thrombolysis, which was higher than that at 3 hours after thrombolysis (P < 0.01). The NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ratio decreased significantly at 3 hours after the thrombolysis as compared with that before thrombolysis (0.922±0.16, 1.196±0.01, P < 0.05). In 60-minute self-thrombo-embolism group, the Lac/(PCr+Cr) ratio was higher at 3 hours after thrombolysis than that before thrombolysis (0.846±0.12, 0.601±0.11, P < 0.05) and the NAA/(PCr+Cr) decreased at 3 hours after the embolism. Fluctuation of NAA/ (PCr+Cr) ranged from 0.68 to 0.75 before thrombolysis and from 0.71 to 0.75 at 3 hours after thrombolysis. ② T2W image: T2W image showed that 2 subjects in 30-minute self-thrombo-embolism group whose Lac/NAA was higher than 0.7 suffered from intracranial hemorrhage. This meant that the subjects with Lac/NAA > 0.7 were more likely to suffer from intracranial hemorrhage. ③ Histological and morphological examinations: Optic microscope demonstrated that interspace surrounding nerve cells was widened at ischemic center; neurons were swelling; nucleus was stained lightly; pyknosis and mesenchymal edema were mainly observed in lateral cortex of brow and vertex and in lateral part of corpus striatum. CONCLUSION: ①Compound parameters in ischemic area before thrombolysis should be regarded as an important predicting marker for thrombolytic therapy, effect evaluation and termination. ② 1H-MRS combining with other imaging technique is a detecting way for screening cases who are suitable for thrombolytic therapy.     

“黄风湿”系列疗法——火针封闭治疗痛风石的疗效观察

痛风是一种由嘌呤代谢紊乱所致的疾病,日久不愈、反复发作则逐渐形成痛风石沉积。常规治疗对痛风石效果不明显。黄再军医院采用火针封闭疗法治疗痛风石36例,经临床观察治愈率为69.4%,显效率为25.0%,有效率为5.6%,总有效率达100%。     

非右房肥大的P波高电压(附39例临床分析)

本文报告39例临床上除外右房肥大的P波高电压,此种P波高电压主要见于冠心病及急性颅脑疾患,二者之和占76.9%。其形态64%与肺性P波相同。产生的机制可能与结间束传导阻滞、中枢调节机能受累、交感神经兴奋性增高等有关。     

桂林市传染病网络直报工作第一年效果分析

目的观察传染病网络直报系统启动一年来的传染病监测质量,探讨网络直报评价方法.方法描述研究网络直报工作效果.结果实行网络直报后,传染病从临床医生发现到疾病预防控制机构接到报告的平均时间由5.48 d缩短至1.67 d,报卡数量增加20.84%,21.03%的报告卡得到校正,网络直报覆盖率县辖区医院为96.55%,市城区为69.23%,79.21%的直报单位有专用电脑.结论网络直报的启用及其系统的建立,提高了桂林市传染病疫情报告的质量和水平,同时应尽快建立与之相应的疫情报告管理方法和标准.     

CTLA4-Ig在异体移植方面的相关研究进展

CTLA4-Ig是一种融合免疫球蛋白,可以选择性地阻断CD28与B7的信号传导通路,导致T细胞免疫失能,诱导对特异性抗原的免疫耐受. 本文介绍了其生物学特性、免疫诱导耐受机制及在异体移植方面的研究进展和局限性,其在异体移植方面展示了良好的应用前景.     

胰岛素瘤的诊断和治疗：附137例报告

目的总结胰岛素瘤的诊断方法和外科治疗效果。方法回顾性分析近26年来收治的胰岛素瘤137例患者的临床资料。结果男77例,女60例。137例均具有典型的Whipple三联症。B超,CT,MRI检查的阳性率分别为35.1%,67.9%,58.1%。126例手术治疗患者中,102例(80.9%)行胰岛素瘤摘除术,4例(3.2%)行胰十二指肠切除术,16例(12.7%)行胰体尾切除术,另外4例(3.2%)行开腹探查术。切除的122例肿瘤中,良性占96.7%,恶性3.3%;单发肿瘤98.4%,多发1.6%。86.9%肿瘤直径≤2.0cm。13.1%肿瘤位于胰头;位于胰体和胰尾者分别为46.7%和40.2%。结论Whipple三联症,结合IRI,IGR,C-肽,以及胰岛素原的检测水平,可作为胰岛素瘤的定性诊断依据。胰岛素瘤的定位诊断仍很困难,联合应用多种影像学检查方法有助于提高检出率。治疗首选肿瘤摘除术,如果术中探查未能找到肿瘤,不宜盲目行胰体尾切除术,应排除其他原因所致低血糖症,同时进一步完善影像学检查方法,明确定位后,再考虑二次手术治疗。     

兔内听动脉阻断与听觉改变的关系

目的 探讨实验性内听动脉阻断与术后听力改变的关系及术中听觉监控的方法。方法 实验兔乙状窦后进路暴露小脑桥脑角，下压小脑暴露内听道及第Ⅷ神经复合体，分辨出内听动脉，予阻断不同时间，分别行蜗神经直接复合动作电位(DCAP)和畸变产物耳声发射记录(DPOAE)。结果对照组DCAPN1波潜伏期值无明显改变。内耳血供阻断10s和30s组在压迫开始后3min，DCAPN1波潜伏期值均恢复为初始值。内耳血供阻断1min组在压迫开始后3h，DCAPN1波潜伏期值未恢复为初始值假手术组DPOAE幅值无明显改变，内耳血供阻断10s、30s对DPOAE幅值无影响，内耳血供阻断1min使得DPOAE幅值下降结论兔内耳血供阻断1min可能造成兔听觉不可逆损伤。DCAP、DPOAE能有效、持续地监控内耳血供阻断，是耳神经外科手术中实用的听觉监测手段。     

95例SARS患者T细胞及其亚群动态变化的观察

对 95例SARS患者的T淋巴细胞亚群动态变化进行分析。其中 85例痊愈 ,1 0例死亡。 85例痊愈患者 ,病程第 7天平均CD4 + ( 3 2 5± 1 90 )个 /μL ,CD8+ ( 3 1 9± 3 1 5 )个 /μL ,CD4 + /CD8+ 1 .2 5± 0 .71 ,与我国正常人相比〔平均CD4 + ( 72 7± 2 5 5 )个 /μL、CD8+ ( 5 3 9± 1 3 4)个 /μL ,CD4 + /CD8+ 1 .49〕 ,T淋巴细胞亚群明显下降 (P =0 .0 0 1 )。病程第1 4天左右免疫功能逐渐恢复 ,平均CD4 + ( 5 61± 5 2 2 )个 /μL ,CD8+ ( 3 70± 2 71 )个 /μL ,CD4 + /CD8+ 1 .68± 1 .1 1。 2 1d后免疫功能基本恢复正常 ,平均CD4 + ( 675± 448)个 /μL ,CD8+ ( 4 67± 2 41 )个 /μL ,CD4 + /CD8+ 1 .48± 0 .68。 1 0例死亡患者的T细胞亚群在入院后逐渐出现下降趋势 ,病程第 7天CD4 + ( 2 48± 82 )个 /μL ,CD8+ ( 2 3 3± 1 1 5 )个 /μL ,CD4 + /CD8+ 1 .2 1± 0 .40 ,第 1 4天T淋巴细胞继续下降 ,平均CD4 + ( 1 81± 1 2 8)个 /μL ,CD8+ ( 1 73± 1 0 9)个 /μL ,CD4 + /CD8+ 1 .1 7± 0 .45 ,2 1d后CD4 + 细胞继续下降 ,平均CD4 + ( 1 2 5± 46)个 /μL ,CD8+ ( 94± 3 8)个 /μL ,CD4 + /CD8+ 1 .44±0 .5 9。结果提示 :SARS患者早期可能存在异常的免疫反应 ,这种异常免疫反应可能是导?     

糖尿病患者超声乳化白内障吸除手术的临床观察

目的:探讨糖尿病患者进行超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入手术的临床效果。方法:50例(61只眼)糖尿病患者(设为A组)和同期163例(174只眼)血糖正常患者(设为B组)接受超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入手术。糖尿病患者手术前通过饮食疗法、口服药物或肌注胰岛素治疗,使空腹血糖降到 10mmol/L以下。术后随访 1～28个月(平均 8.6个月),复查视力、裂隙灯及眼底检查。结果:术后矫正视力≥0.5者,A组为77.1%;B组为80.5%。两组经统计学处理差异无显著性(P>0.05)。两组术中出现后囊破裂及术后发生角膜水肿和前房渗出等并发症的差异无显著性(P>0.05 )。结论:糖尿病患者进行超声乳化白内障吸除手术前只要有效控制血糖,其手术效果与对照组患者相同。但术后血糖的控制仍然十分重要。眼科学报2003;19:98-100。     

等长收缩运动治疗单纯颈伸肌劳损的疗效观察

目的总结等长收缩运动治疗单纯颈伸肌劳损的疗效。方法随机将56例单纯颈伸肌劳损分为两组,一组应用等长收缩运动进行治疗,另一组应用手法治疗,对比两组患者疗效。结果治疗1周后,两组患者的总有效率均为100%（P〉0.05）。结论等长收缩运动治疗单纯颈伸肌劳损的疗效与手法治疗相近,但该法具有更安全、经济、且不受条件、时间限制,更有主动巩固疗效和积极预防的作用。