Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome in a young girl

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is well-described in adults, but is an uncommon cause of lower-limb pain in children. We present an 11.5-year-old girl with thrombosed aneurysm of the right popliteal artery, subsequently diagnosed with bilateral type I PAES. Multimodality illustration of the radiological findings is presented.     

Metoclopramide-induced hyperprolactinemia affects mouse endometrial morphology

Information about the effects of pituitary hyperprolactinemia on endometrium, especially in levels coexisting with absence of amenorrhea in women, is scarce. The interference of high prolactin levels on endometrial morphology was thus investigated in young post-pubertal and adult mice rendered hyperprolactinemic by long-term treatment with metoclopramide (MC). No remarkable differences have been noticed upon light microscopy examination of the endometria comparing young to adult cycling MC-treated mice, except on the max/min diameter ratio, which in young animals was lower than in adults (ANOVA, p < 0.01). Both young and adult MC-treated mice presented an increased number of endometrial glands than their respective controls (ANOVA, p < 0.01). However, young MC-treated animals showed the highest values of endometrial thickness index compared to other groups (ANOVA, p < 0.01). Our results indicate that MC-induced hyperprolactinemia causes mouse endometrium proliferation, mainly in young animals.     

Health structures and hygiene in Lebanese prisons

Since the end of the civil war in Lebanon (1991), the jailed population has more than doubled, while the real capacity of jails remained the same as in the 70s. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 1999 in all 17 jails then operating in the country, to evaluate the impact of this newly developing situation regarding the structures of hygiene and health services available to prisoners. The stated objectives of this survey were: 1) To identify structural problems; 2) To appreciate those variables affecting the structures which could be modified; 3) To recommend improvement in health conditions in jails The survey included a visit to each jail to evaluate the health structures and services using a standardized check-list, and to interview the jail director. Results indicated that health conditions in jails were inadequate. Each prisoner had 1.3 m2 of personal space on average, in cells most often overcrowded. There were 1.3 shower/100 prisoners on average, with soap and toilet paper rarely provided by the administration. On average, less than 2 general practitioners were found providing about 3 weekly visits per 100 prisoners. Possible interventions involving various social entities were discussed.     

Joint replacement and human immunodeficiency virus

The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected cases that need total joint replacement(TJR) is generally rising. On the other hand, modern management of HIV-infected cases has enabled them to achieve longevity while increasing the need for arthroplasty procedures due to the augmented degenerative joint disease and fragility fractures, and the risk of osteonecrosis. Although initial investigations on joint replacement in HIV-infected cases showed a high risk of complications, the rec...     

Complication of lengthening and the role of post-operative care,physical and psychological rehabilitation among fibula hemimelia

There is a clear clinical need for efficient physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs during and after bone lengthening and reconstruction for gaining the optimal effect and also prevention or treatment of lengthening side effects. Pin tract infection is the most prevalent side effect during lengthening which could be prevented and treated initially via proper wound care. Muscle contractures are typically a consequence of the generated tension on the distracted muscle. It can be managed by physiotherapy initially and surgically in later severe stages. Furthermore, it is essential to avoid muscle contracture development, which is the demonstration of the imbalanced muscle appeals on the joint to inhibit the following subluxation. The knee is the furthermost affected joint by the aforementioned problem due to the inherent lack of ligamentous and bony stability. Joint stiffness is the other possible unfavorable effect of lengthening. It happens because of extensive muscle contractures or may possibly be attributed to rigidity of the joint following the amplified pressure on the joint surface during the process of lengthening. Physiotherapy and occupational therapy including endurance and strength exercise as well as stretching play an important role during the rehabilitation periods for the prevention and also the treatment of muscle contracture and the following deformity and also joint stiffness. Likewise, the effect of mental and physical rehabilitation programs should not be overlooked.     

Innocuous gas collections in pancreatic allografts demonstrated by computed tomography

Over a 4-year period, 6 pancreatic abscesses were found in 37 patients who had combined renal and segmental pancreatic transplants. An additional 4 patients who were nontoxic at the time of their computed tomographic (CT) examinations had innocuous gas collections, either in the pancreatic allograft or the surrounding peripancreatic tissue. The possible etiology of this gas formation is discussed. These collections do not have the same ominous clinical significance as would be expected in abscess formation. Radiological evaluation should include examination of the gastrointestinal tract and voiding cystograms to detect fistula formation. Simultaneous percutaneous aspiration of this area should be performed to rule out an infective process. If this is negative in a nontoxic transplant patient, the radiologist will be in a position to obviate unnecessary surgical intervention.     

Quality of life and stability of tooth color change at three months after dental bleaching

Purpose

Intracoronary bleaching is a minimally invasive, alternative treatment that addresses aesthetic concerns related to non-vital teeth discoloration. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have assessed the psychosocial impacts of such procedures on patients’ aesthetic perceptions. The aim of this study was to evaluate aesthetic perceptions and the psychosocial impact of patients up to 3 months after their teeth had been bleached with hydrogen peroxide (35%) and carbamide peroxide (37%) using the walking bleach technique.

Methods

The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to the bleaching agent used: G1?=?hydrogen peroxide 35% (n?=?25) and G2?=?carbamide peroxide 37% (n?=?25). Non-vital bleaching was performed in four sessions. Color was objectively (ΔE) and subjectively (ΔSGU) evaluated. Aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors were evaluated before, 1 week and 1 month after the bleaching using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) questionnaires.

Results

The color change (ΔE) values at 1 month were G1?=?16.80?±?6.07 and G2?=?14.09?±?4.83. These values remained stable until the third month after treatment (p?>?0.05). There was a decrease in the values of OHIP-aesthetics and PIDAQ after treatment versus baseline (p?<?0.05). This status was maintained through the third month after treatment.

Conclusions

Both agents were highly effective and had a positive impact on the aesthetic perception and psychosocial impact of patients, values that also remained stable over time. Non-vital bleaching yields positive and stable impacts on aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02718183.