经典型Kaposi,s肉瘤放射治疗加生物治疗

 目的　分析了 8例Kaposi,s肉瘤 (KS)的临床特点和放疗加生物治疗的疗效。方法　采用6 0 钴或加速器 χ线和电子线混合射线常规分割照射 ,总量 36～ 6 1Gy。生物疗法包括LAK细胞和干扰素、免疫核糖核酸。结果　除例 1放疗后 2个月死于糖尿病、例 6失访外 ,其余均获长期生存。生存 1年以上 6 /8,3年以上 4 /8,5年以上 2 /8。结论　放射线治疗对KS有效 ,较晚期根治剂量以 5 0Gy左右为宜 ,同时加生物治疗可能可以提高疗效。     

温针疗法治疗雷诺综合征30例

为观察温针疗法治疗雷诺综合征的,60列雷诺综合征患者随机分为治疗组30例（温针治疗）和对照组30例（西药倍他乐克治疗），疗程均为15天。结果：治疗组的有总有效率为90．00％，对照组的总有效率为66．67％，两总有效率的差异有显著性意义。提示温针疗法对雷诺综合征有较好的临床疗效。     

A population-based case-control study of the Arg399Gln polymorphism in DNA repair gene XRCC1 and risk of breast cancer.

XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1) is a base excision repair protein that plays a central role in the repair of DNA base damage and strand breaks. A common polymorphism (Arg-->Gln) at codon 399 of the XRCC1 gene has been previously linked to functional changes of the gene product and risk of cancers. We evaluated the association between XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and breast cancer risk in the population-based Shanghai Breast Cancer Study involving 1088 cancer patients and 1182 community controls. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood was used in genotyping assays, and exposure information and anthropometrics were collected through in-person interview. Plasma estrogen and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured for 190 postmenopausal breast cancer patients who had donated a pretreatment blood sample and 407 postmenopausal controls. Conditional logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) adjusting potential confounders. Approximately 27% of controls carried the variant allele (Gln), and cases and controls had a similar distribution for both allele type and genotype of this polymorphism. We found that 7.8% of cases and 6.3% of controls were homozygous for the variant allele, resulting in an OR of 1.20 (95% CI, 0.85-1.69). The OR was slightly higher among younger women [<45 years of age (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.82-2.36)] than older women [> or = 45 years of age (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.68-1.67)], but neither OR was statistically significant. No modifying effect of major breast cancer risk factors, including years of menstruation, body mass index, waist:hip ratio, and blood estrogen levels, was noted. Homozygosity for the variant Gln allele was associated with an elevated risk of postmenopausal breast cancer among subjects with a higher blood level of SHBG (OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.16-9.20) and a reduced risk among those with a lower level of SHBG (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.18-1.97). The overall results of the study suggest that Arg399Gln polymorphism of the XRCC1 gene alone may not play a substantial role in the risk of breast cancer among Chinese women.     

Cisplatin down-regulation of cellular Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme-like inhibitory proteins to restore tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-induced apoptosis in human melanoma cells.

PURPOSE: Many melanoma cell lines and primary cultures are resistant to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that control melanoma cell resistance and searched for chemotherapeutic drugs that could overcome the TRAIL resistance in melanoma cells. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined 21 melanoma cell lines and 3 primary melanoma cultures for their sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, and then tested cisplatin, chemptothecin, and etoposide for their synergistic effects on TRAIL sensitivity in resistant melanoma cells. RESULTS: Of 21 melanoma cell lines, 11 showed various degrees of sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis through caspase-8-initiated cleavage of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation factor 45. The remaining cell lines and primary cultures were resistant to TRAIL, but cisplatin, chemptothecin, and etoposide sensitized the resistant cell lines and primary cultures to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, which also occurred through the caspase-8-initiated caspase cascade. Of the two TRAIL death receptors (DR4 and DR5), melanoma cells primarily expressed DR5 on cell surface. Cisplatin treatment had no effects on cell surface DR5 expression or intracellular expression of Fas-associated death domain and caspase-8. Instead, cisplatin treatment down-regulated intracellular expression of the short form of cellular Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and inhibited phosphorylation of the long form of c-FLIP. CONCLUSIONS: The results presented here indicate that cisplatin inhibits c-FLIP protein expression and phosphorylation to restore TRAIL-induced caspase-8-initiated apoptosis in melanoma cells, thus providing a new combined therapeutic strategy for melanomas.     

紫外分光光度法测定呋麻滴鼻液中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

目的建立呋麻滴鼻液中盐酸麻黄碱的紫外分光光度法的含量测定方法。方法次氯酸钠为氧化剂，测定由盐酸麻黄碱被次氯酸钠氧化后的氧化产物苯甲醛，检测波长为249nm。结果盐酸麻黄碱在2～18μg/ml范围内，线性关系良好(r=0．9996)，平均回收率为98．05％(n=9，RSD=0．72％)。结论本法灵敏度高，快捷准确。     

吉西他滨联合铂类药物治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效观察

目的 观察吉西他滨(健择)联合顺铂/草酸铂(GP/GEM-OX方案)治疗晚期不能手术或手术后复发的胰腺癌患者的疗效与不良反应。方法 28例患者分别给予GP或GEM-OX方案2～13周期。按WHO标准评定疗效和不良反应。结果 26例可评价疗效，无一例完全缓解(CR，0％)，部分缓解(PR)7例(26．9％)，稳定(SD)10例(38．5％)，进展(PD)9例(34．6％)。可评价临床受益反应(CBR)27例，有效率为70．4％(19／27)。中位疾病进展时间为4．2个月，中位生存时间为9．3个月。结论 健择联合顺铂/草酸铂是治疗晚期胰腺癌患者的安全有效方案，并能较好改善疾病相关症状，毒副反应可以耐受。     

雷公藤内酯醇抗人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞活性研究

目的: 评价雷公藤内酯醇抗人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的作用.方法: 采用体外细胞培养和SD大鼠体内肿瘤接种两种衡量方法,体外细胞培养检测指标包括细胞形态观察,台盼蓝染色,DAPI染色,DNA ladder;SD大鼠体内接种肿瘤指标检测用游标卡尺测量肿瘤体积大小.结果: 与对照组相比,体外培养肿瘤细胞在用药后活细胞大幅减少,体内接种肿瘤细胞在用药后,肿瘤块体积较小且增长缓慢,而对照组肿瘤体积却大幅增长.结论: 雷公藤内酯醇对体外和体内培养的人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞有明显的生长抑制作用和促凋亡作用.     

抗幽门螺杆菌感染的4种药物治疗方案的成本-效果分析

目的: 对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的消化性溃疡4种治疗方案进行分析比较.方法: 用药物经济学成本效果分析进行评价.结果: 无论是成本效果比分析(C/E),还是增量成本效果比分析(△C/△E),均得出P1(奥美拉唑 阿莫西林 甲硝唑 果胶铋)组为最佳方案.结论: 药物经济学在优化治疗方案,指导合理用药,提高经济效益方面具有重要作用.     

3,6-(二甲氨基)-二苯并碘杂六环葡萄糖酸盐对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤保护作用机制初步探讨

目的:探讨3,6-(二甲氨基)-二苯并碘杂六环葡萄糖酸盐(IHC-93)对心肌缺血再灌注保护作用的机制.方法:选用SD健康大鼠,结扎和松解冠状动脉制备心肌缺血再灌注模型.结果:IHC-93在0.125,0.25和0.5 mg·kg-1剂量下能明显增加心肌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,减少血清和心肌丙二醛(MDA)含量;显著增加血清6-酮前列腺素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)含量及显著降低血栓素B2(TXB2)含量.结论:IHC-93对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用机制可能与抗脂质过氧化反应,增加PGI2和降低TXB2含量有关.     

中药不良反应及其发生因素

药品不良反应(ADR)问题越来越突出。2003年媒体关于中药ADR的大讨论引起海内外各界的强烈关注。本文从理清中药ADR概念入手，界定了中药ADR的范畴，并从药品、医生、药师、护士、病人、企业、管理因素以及其他社会因素等方面分析探讨了其发生原因，指出并澄清部分模糊认识，提出一些新观点和设想，以期服务于中药现代化和国际化。