中老年股骨颈骨折全髋关节置换术和中空加压螺钉内固定术临床比较

目的比较全髋关节置换术和中空加压螺钉固定术治疗中老年股骨颈骨折的疗效。方法对55～65岁有移位新鲜股骨颈骨折患者85例的治疗情况进行回顾分析，其中51例行中空加压螺钉内固定术，34例行全髋关节置换术，进行了住院情况，术后1年，术后3年功能评估。结果全髋关节置换组在手术时间，术后早期下床活动等方面具有一定的优越性，但全髋关节置换假体费用较贵，3年后有2例出现假体松动。中空加压螺钉固定组有45例3年后无任何并发症发生，髋关节功能活动良好，且能够从事正常体力劳动。结论中老所股内颈骨折患者手术治疗应首选中空加压螺钉内固定术治疗。     

血管内皮抑素转基因制剂的体外抗肿瘤作用及对大鼠大肠癌的影响

目的 研究血管内皮抑素转基因双歧杆菌口服冻干粉剂(endostatin transfected bifidobacterium oral powder prepara-tion,ETB-2)体外抗肿瘤作用及对大鼠大肠痛的影响.方法 采用MTT法检测ETB-2对人结肠癌细胞株LS-174T、人胃黏膜上皮细胞株GES-1的作用.以二甲肼(DMH)为诱发剂,观察ETB-2对大鼠大肠癌的防治作用;DMH诱癌及ETB-2灌胃时间为18周,在第33周结束实验.结果 ETB-2在体外对人结肠癌细胞株具有显著的选择性杀伤作用,体内给药可明显降低大鼠大肠癌发生率(60%:100%,P<0.01),但大肠癌平均个数及肿瘤体积指数的差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 ETB-2对DMH诱导的大鼠大肠癌具有预防作用.     

110例精索静脉曲张临床分析

本文报告60年代以来我院收治的精索静脉曲张110例。其中左侧占96.36％,右侧占2.73％,双侧占0.9％。发病高峰年龄在16～20岁之间。已婚病人40％伴有不育症。经手术治疗的病人至少有15％以上精索静脉曲张持续或复发。通过总结,作者认为治疗不能一味强调哪种术式优越,而应通过精索内静脉造影来了解情况,只有因人而异确定治疗方案才是科学的,合理的。     

以框架为基础的教学／自学模式实施效果的初步评估

北京协和医学院医学微生物教学中,采用以框架为基础的教学／自学模式,82名学生参与其中。本文对以框架为基础的教学／自学模式在微生物学教学中的实施效果进行了评估,主要从8个方面评估了学生组织自学后的自我展示情况,同时学生也从10个方面对该教学／自学模式的实施效果进行了匿名评估。结果显示,学生自我展示情况各项得分（满分为5分）为（4．30±0．33）分～（4．66±0．21）分;学生匿名评估的各项得分（满分为4分）为（3．13±0．75）分～（2．33±0．79）分。实践证明,学生在以框架为基础的自学训练中表现良好,大部分学生对此教学／自学模式持正面和积极的看法,此教学／自学模式比较适用于现阶段本学院的医学微生物学教学。     

Stage cT3 low rectal cancer: analysis of prognostic factors

BackgroundWhether all cT3 low rectal cancer patients should receive neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) remains controversial. The depth of invasion beyond the muscularis propria of the cT3 rectal cancer is of great significance to the selection of a treatment plan and the evaluation of prognosis.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of 187 patients with stage cT3 low rectal cancer, who had been treated at the Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from June 2010 to December 2012. The patients were divided into the nCRT group (88 cases) and no-nCRT group (99 cases). Possible significant prognostic factors [i.e., primary tumor volume (PTV), cell differentiation, circumferential resection margin (CRM), nCRT, age, sex, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), lymph node status, surgical procedure, etc.] were collected for estimation of disease-free survival (DFS), distant metastases rate (DM), local recurrence rate (LR). Independent predictive factors or survival were determined using Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsThe mean PTV was 16.2±11.1 (2.07–72.68) cm³. In the univariate and multivariate analyses: nCRT hazards ratio (HR) =4.258, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.912–9.483 (P<0.001); PTV HR =0.381, 95% CI: 0.181–0.804 (P=0.011); CRM HR =0.227, 95% CI: 0.097–0.532 (P=0.001). For the PTV ≤15 cm³ group, there were no significant differences between the nCRT and no-nCRT group in 3-year follow-up (P>0.05). For the PTV >15 cm³ group, there were significant differences between the nCRT and no-nCRT group in 3-year DFS (84.2% vs. 51.1%; P=0.001), DM (13.1% vs. 31.2%; P=0.017) and LR (2.9% vs. 26.6%; P=0.009). For the CRM negative group, there were significant differences between the nCRT and no-nCRT group in 3-year DFS (94.0% vs. 79.0%; P=0.008), LR (1.5% vs. 10.7%; P=0.028) and DM (4.5% vs. 13.5%; P=0.039).ConclusionsFor stage cT3 low rectal cancer patients, nCRT, PTV, and CRM were independent prognostic factors. NCRT may improve the survival of PTV >15 cm³ patients, but may not have a significant effect on patient with PTV ≤15 cm³ and CRM negative. Direct surgery is recommended for this group of patients.     

Meta-analysis of human lung cancer microRNA expression profiling studies comparing cancer tissues with normal tissues

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer death globally, it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and has one of the lowest survival rates of any type of cancer. The common interest in the field of lung cancer research is the identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis and accurate prognosis. There is increasing evidence to suggest that microRNAs play important and complex roles in lung cancer. METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted to review the published microRNA expression profiling studies that compared the microRNAs expression profiles in lung cancer tissues with those in normal lung tissues. A vote-counting strategy that considers the total number of studies reporting its differential expression, the total number of tissue samples used in the studies and the average fold change was employed. RESULTS: A total of 184 differentially expressed microRNAs were reported in the fourteen microRNA expression profiling studies that compared lung cancer tissues with normal tissues, with 61 microRNAs were reported in at least two studies. In the panel of consistently reported up-regulated microRNAs, miR-210 was reported in nine studies and miR-21 was reported in seven studies. In the consistently reported down-regulated microRNAs, miR-126 was reported in ten studies and miR-30a was reported in eight studies. Four up-regulated microRNAs (miR-210, miR-21. miR-31 and miR-182) and two down-regulated mcroiRNAs (miR-126 and miR-145) were consistently reported both in squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma-based subgroup analysis, with the other 14 microRNAs solely reported in one or the other subset. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the top two most consistently reported up-regulated microRNAs were miR-210 and miR-21. The results of this meta-analysis of human lung cancer microRNA expression profiling studies might provide some clues of the potential biomarkers in lung cancer. Further mechanistic and external validation studies are needed for their clinical significance and role in the development of lung cancer.     

Clinical features of 434 patients with Ota's nevus: a retrospective analysis

目的 描述重庆及周边地区太田痣患者发病特征及变化规律.方法 收集第三军医大学西南医院整形美容科2006年1月至2011年1月临床确诊的太田痣患者434例(男性74例,女性360例;平均年龄24岁),对患者性别、年龄、发病年龄、发病时间、皮损颜色、分布及面积等情况进行统计学分析.结果 受调查患者男女比例为1∶4.86,后天患病者比例约为54.61％.后天患病者中,男性发病高峰出现在儿童早期(3～5岁),女性发病的两个高峰分别是5岁以前、10～14岁.近年来后天患者比例明显升高,病程长的患者黑色皮损比例较高.结论 重庆及周边地区近年太田痣的先后天发病比例随患病时间推移出现变化,皮损颜色与病程长短有关.     

The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the United Arab Emirates: justification for the establishment of the Emirates Family Registry

To study the prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in a population of United Arab Emirates (UAE) residents through the creation of the ??Emirates Family Registry?? (EFR). Major hospitals and diabetes centres in the UAE were contacted to establish a bio-banking facility referred to as the EFR. Through assistance made available by the Ministry of Health and collaborators of this network, demographic data of T2DM patients were collected and collated in a database for analysis and longitudinal studies. Clinical specimens were collected for biochemical profiling (such as; glucose, lipids, HbA_1c levels). In the first 24?months of the operation the EFR recruited 23,064 adult volunteers from three major hospitals and nine primary care centres throughout the UAE. Within this cohort, 88% were patients classified as T2DM patients from the medical records. The cohort was divided into age categories with 59% of T2DM patients aged between 40 and 59?years old. UAE nationals comprised 30% of the database of which 21% were diagnosed with T2DM. However the percentage of adults with T2DM was higher in other ethnic groups effecting almost 33% of the Indians who live in the UAE. A total of 741 UAE Nationals consented to donate blood; in phase I of the study; for biochemical testing after which 23% were diagnosed with T2DM, 30% with pre-T2DM and 47% were healthy. This study is consistent with the previously reported high prevalence of T2DM in the UAE. Furthermore, analyses of the factors that predispose to the disease have revealed that obesity, a large waist circumference, consanguineous marriage, family history, lack of physical activity, unhealthy dietary practices, high total cholesterol, and high triglycerides levels were more prevalent in T2DM patients. The classification of these features will contribute to defining more effective and specific plans to screen for and manage diabetes and its complications in UAE and other developing countries.     

iTrace和Pentacam及LOCSⅢ参数在晶状体混浊程度评估中的相关性

目的：分析iTrace视功能分析仪和Pentacam三维眼前节分析系统及晶状体混浊分级系统Ⅲ(LOCSⅢ)在年龄相关性白内障(ARC)患者晶状体混浊评估中的相关性。

方法：前瞻性横断面研究。纳入2021-05/08本院眼科的ARC患者104例104眼。裂隙灯行LOCSⅢ分级; iTrace获取晶状体混浊地形图分级(OMG)和晶状体功能失调指数(DLI); Pentacam获取核分级(PNS)和Scheimpflug图像,ImageJ测量Scheimpflug图像各区域的累积光密度(IntDen)。SPSS 26.0分析参数正态性和相关性。

结果：各参数除3mm范围IntDen和6mm范围后囊区IntDen外均正态分布。PNS与NC、NO均正相关(r=0.521、0.440,均P<0.01)。3mm范围IntDen与NC、NO均正相关(r_s=0.459、0.450,均P<0.01)。3mm范围核区IntDen与NC、NO均正相关(r=0.539、0.543,均P<0.01)。3mm范围后囊区IntDen与NC、NO均负相关(r=-0.315、-0.321,均P<0.01)。6mm范围IntDen与NC、NO均正相关(r=0.321、0.288,均P<0.01)。3mm范围DLI与NC、NO、PSC均负相关(r=-0.257、-0.234、-0.282,均P<0.01)。6mm DLI与NC、NO、PSC均负相关(r=-0.247、-0.304、-0.227,均P<0.05)。3mm范围OMG与CC、PSC均正相关(r=0.268、0.333,均P<0.01)。6mm范围OMG与CC、PSC均正相关(r=0.275、0.245,均P<0.05)。3mm范围DLI与PNS、3mm范围核区IntDen均负相关(r=-0.217、-0.197,均P<0.05)。

结论：三种晶状体混浊评价系统各有优势,将各参数结合可更客观地评价晶状体各区混浊,为临床提供参考。     

Importance of Sample Size for the Estimation of Repeater F Waves in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Background:

In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), repeater F waves are increased. Accurate assessment of repeater F waves requires an adequate sample size.

Methods:

We studied the F waves of left ulnar nerves in ALS patients. Based on the presence or absence of pyramidal signs in the left upper limb, the ALS patients were divided into two groups: One group with pyramidal signs designated as P group and the other without pyramidal signs designated as NP group. The Index repeating neurons (RN) and Index repeater F waves (Freps) were compared among the P, NP and control groups following 20 and 100 stimuli respectively. For each group, the Index RN and Index Freps obtained from 20 and 100 stimuli were compared.

Results:

In the P group, the Index RN (P = 0.004) and Index Freps (P = 0.001) obtained from 100 stimuli were significantly higher than from 20 stimuli. For F waves obtained from 20 stimuli, no significant differences were identified between the P and NP groups for Index RN (P = 0.052) and Index Freps (P = 0.079); The Index RN (P < 0.001) and Index Freps (P < 0.001) of the P group were significantly higher than the control group; The Index RN (P = 0.002) of the NP group was significantly higher than the control group. For F waves obtained from 100 stimuli, the Index RN (P < 0.001) and Index Freps (P < 0.001) of the P group were significantly higher than the NP group; The Index RN (P < 0.001) and Index Freps (P < 0.001) of the P and NP groups were significantly higher than the control group.

Conclusions:

Increased repeater F waves reflect increased excitability of motor neuron pool and indicate upper motor neuron dysfunction in ALS. For an accurate evaluation of repeater F waves in ALS patients especially those with moderate to severe muscle atrophy, 100 stimuli would be required.