全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1380篇 |
免费 | 91篇 |
国内免费 | 17篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 13篇 |
儿科学 | 45篇 |
妇产科学 | 68篇 |
基础医学 | 205篇 |
口腔科学 | 30篇 |
临床医学 | 126篇 |
内科学 | 274篇 |
皮肤病学 | 26篇 |
神经病学 | 190篇 |
特种医学 | 43篇 |
外科学 | 136篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 68篇 |
眼科学 | 21篇 |
药学 | 92篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 146篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 65篇 |
2021年 | 86篇 |
2020年 | 66篇 |
2019年 | 69篇 |
2018年 | 82篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 66篇 |
2015年 | 64篇 |
2014年 | 66篇 |
2013年 | 73篇 |
2012年 | 99篇 |
2011年 | 114篇 |
2010年 | 62篇 |
2009年 | 44篇 |
2008年 | 86篇 |
2007年 | 61篇 |
2006年 | 63篇 |
2005年 | 58篇 |
2004年 | 56篇 |
2003年 | 35篇 |
2002年 | 37篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1488条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
102.
Giorgia Querin Elisa DaRe Ilaria Martinelli Luca Bello Cinzia Bertolin Davide Pareyson Caterina Mariotti Elena Pegoraro Gianni Sorarù 《Neurological sciences》2016,37(11):1815-1821
The Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy Functional Rating Scale (SBMAFRS) is an established rating instrument used to assess the functional status of patients with Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA). Our aim was to validate an Italian version of the scale. We administered the SBMAFRS to sixty SBMA patients during routine follow-up of clinical evaluations. To estimate the test stability, the scale was re-administered to a subset of 39 randomly selected patients after 8 weeks. The patients underwent clinical evaluation including 6-min walk. Psychometric analysis included reliability assessment and factorial analysis. To evaluate convergent validity, correlations between SBMAFRS items and muscular force assessed by manual testing, ALSFRS total score and subscales scores, and forced vital capacity, were performed. Internal consistency as measured by Cronbach’s alpha (total scale 0.85) was high. Test–retest reliability assessed by Spearman’s rho was also high. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation yielded a four-factor solution accounting for approximately 79 % of the variance. The scale total score and subscales score were strongly correlated with respective items and subscores of the ALSFRS, with respiratory function and with the 6-min walk test. In conclusion, we performed an Italian validation of the only existing disease-specific Functional Rating Scale for SBMA patients. This scale will be a useful tool not only in the clinical practice but also as an outcome measure in upcoming clinical trials. 相似文献
103.
Alessandra Nicoletti Silvia Messina Elisa Bruno Giovanni Mostile Graziella Quattrocchi Loredana Raciti Valeria Dibilio Roberto Cappellani Emanuele D’Amico Giorgia Sciacca Salvatore Lo Fermo Vincenza Paradisi Francesco Patti Mario Zappia 《Neurological sciences》2016,37(12):1931-1937
Incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) has steeply increased over time during the last 30 years in the city of Catania. We carried out a population-based case–control study to evaluate the possible role of both environmental and genetic factors. From 1975 to 2004 in Catania, 367 MS patients diagnosed according to the Poser’s criteria had the onset of disease. A sample of MS patients was randomly selected from this incident cohort. Three controls matched by age and sex were randomly selected from the rosters of 14 GPs. Controls were proportionally selected according to the distribution by municipality of the target population using a multistage sampling methods. All cases and controls underwent a face-to-face interview to record information concerning environmental factors and a blood sample was taken for serological and genetic analysis. 164 MS patients (64 % women; mean age of 46.4 ± 10.7) and 481 controls (69 % women; mean age of 47.7 ± 14.8) were enrolled in the study. The distribution of the whole population and the selected controls by municipalities was similar. A blood sample was taken from 150 MS cases and from 337 controls. At the end of the enrolment, we obtained a representative sample of the MS cases and population controls avoiding possible selection bias. Participation rate was very high also concerning the collection of biological specimens. 相似文献
104.
105.
106.
The effectiveness of the confidential unit exclusion (CUE) procedure recommended by the Food and Drug Administration has been questioned by the blood banking community. The purpose of this study was to determine whether donors were informing the blood center correctly regarding the disposition (transfuse or do not transfuse) of their donated blood. A letter explaining the confidential study and requesting permission to send the participant a questionnaire noting his or her self-exclusion choice was mailed to 230 donors who had chosen transfuse and 276 donors who had chosen do not transfuse. After consent was obtained, participants were sent a second packet and asked to indicate whether they had chosen correctly and, if not, to identify reasons for that incorrect choice. A seven-word terminology quiz made up of words from the CUE form was also enclosed. All participants who had chosen transfuse indicated that this was the correct choice. Approximately 50 percent of those who had chosen do not transfuse indicated that this was an incorrect choice; the most common reason was that "I was not paying attention." The most frequently misunderstood term was "confidential." Donors who chose do not transfuse had a significantly higher rate of error on the terminology quiz (p less than 0.01) than did those who chose transfuse. 相似文献
107.
Dacci P Dina G Cerri F Previtali SC Lopez ID Lauria G Feltri ML Bolino A Comi G Wrabetz L Quattrini A 《Glia》2010,58(16):2005-2016
Numerous transgenic and knockout mouse models of human hereditary neuropathies have become available over the past decade. We describe a simple, reproducible, and safe biopsy of mouse skin for histopathological evaluation of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in models of hereditary neuropathies. We compared the diagnostic outcome between sciatic nerve and dermal nerves found in skin biopsy (SB) from the hind foot. A total of five animal models of different Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies, and one model of congenital muscular dystrophy associated neuropathy were examined. In wild type mice, dermal nerve fibers were readily identified by immunohistochemistry, light, and electron microscopy and they appeared similar to myelinated fibers in sciatic nerve. In mutant mice, SB manifested myelin abnormalities similar to those observed in sciatic nerves, including hypomyelination, onion bulbs, myelin outfolding, redundant loops, and tomacula. In many strains, however, SB showed additional abnormalities--fiber loss, dense neurofilament packing with lower phosphorylation status, and axonal degeneration-undetected in sciatic nerve, possibly because SB samples distal nerves. SB, a reliable technique to investigate peripheral neuropathies in human beings, is also useful to investigate animal models of hereditary neuropathies. Our data indicate that SB may reveal distal axonal pathology in mouse models and permits sequential follow-up of the neuropathy in an individual mouse, thereby reducing the number of mice necessary to document pathology of the PNS. 相似文献
108.
109.
Rosa Bacchetta Silvia Gregori Giorgia Serafini Claudia Sartirana Ute Schulz Elisabetta Zino Stefan Tomiuk Uwe Jansen Maurilio Ponzoni Carlo Terenzio Paties Katharina Fleischhauer Maria Grazia Roncarolo 《Haematologica》2010,95(12):2134-2143
Background
CD4+ regulatory T cells are a specialized subset of T cells that actively control immune responses. Several experimental protocols have been used to expand natural regulatory T cells and to generate adaptive type 1 regulatory T cells for regulatory T-cell-based therapies.Design and Methods
The ability of exogenous recombinant human interleukin-10 to induce alloantigen-specific anergy in T cells was investigated and compared to that of interleukin-10 derived from tolerogenic dendritic cells, in mixed lymphocyte cultures. A detailed characterization of the effector functions of the resulting anergized T cells is reported.Results
Interleukin-10, whether exogenous or derived from tolerogenic dendritic cells, induces a population of alloantigen-specific T cells (interleukin-10-anergized T cells) containing type 1 regulatory T cells, which are anergic and actively suppress alloantigen-specific effector T cells present within the mixed population. Interleukin-10-induced anergy is transforming growth factor-β independent, and is associated with a decreased frequency of alloantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors, but interleukin-10-anergized T cells are still responsive to third-party, bacterial, and viral antigens. Tolerogenic dendritic cells are more powerful than exogenous interleukin-10 in generating type 1 regulatory T-cell precursors, and are also effective in the context of HLA-matched donors.Conclusions
Based on these studies, we have developed an efficient and reproducible in vitro method to generate antigen-specific type 1 regulatory T-cell precursors starting from total peripheral blood cells with minimal cell manipulation and suitable for generating type 1 regulatory T cells for regulatory T-cell-based therapies. 相似文献110.
Tianhong Xu Zhao Yang Matteo Vatta Alessandra Rampazzo Giorgia Beffagna Kalliopi Pillichou Steven E. Scherer Jeffrey Saffitz Joshua Kravitz Wojciech Zareba Gian Antonio Danieli Alessandra Lorenzon Andrea Nava Barbara Bauce Gaetano Thiene Cristina Basso Hugh Calkins Kathy Gear Frank Marcus Jeffrey A. Towbin 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2010