克拉霉素治疗鼻咽癌放疗后鼻窦炎的临床观察

目的:观察大环内酯类药物克拉霉素治疗鼻咽癌放疗后鼻窦炎的临床效果。方法:对鼻咽癌放疗1年后并发鼻窦炎的24例患者,口服小剂量克拉霉素,250mg/d,疗程12～20周;根据慢性鼻窦炎视觉模拟量表(VAS)、Lund-Mackay鼻窦CT影像评分系统,通过治疗前后比较,对治疗效果进行综合评估。结果:治疗前与治疗后及停药6个月后相比,VAS评分和CT影像评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),治疗后与停药6个月后相比,两种评分结果差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。疗效评价为非常好9例,好11例,不好4例。结论:小剂量克拉霉素长期治疗鼻咽癌放疗后鼻窦炎有比较明显的临床效果,是鼻咽癌放疗后鼻窦炎较好的治疗方法。     

瘦素在肥胖成人慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉发病中的作用

1007 1520.202003008·论著· 目的初步探讨瘦素（Leptin）在肥胖成人慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP）发病中的作用及机制。方法按照体重指数（BMI）随机选取肥胖CRSwNP患者40例,体重正常CRSwNP患者30例,选取同期肥胖鼻中隔偏曲患者30例为对照组。通过酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定3组患者血清中Leptin及其受体水平、EOS相关因子IL 4、IL 13的水平;RT PCR及免疫组织化学方法检测3组患者局部鼻黏膜中Leptin及其受体水平表达;苏木精-伊红染色法观察3组患者组织中EOS细胞浸润程度。另Pearson相关性分析Leptin水平与EOS相关指标及浸润程度的关系。结果与对照组比较,两组CRSwNP患者的血清与局部Leptin及其受体水平表达均升高,血清中EOS相关因子IL 4、IL 13的水平表达均显著升高,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;两组CRSwNP患者中肥胖患者的各项检测指标均显著高于体重正常患者（P<0.05）,且Leptin及其受体水平与EOS相关指标、EOS浸润程度均呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论Leptin在CRSwNP患者中水平显著升高,且肥胖患者组更高,并与EOS浸润及其促进因子显著相关,提示Leptin可能通过促进EOS增殖浸润参与肥胖成人CRSwNP发病。     

细菌生物膜在急性中耳炎大鼠中耳腔的形成特点及意义

目的 通过观察细菌生物膜在急性中耳炎大鼠中耳腔的形成特点,分析其与急性中耳炎的关系,并探讨该中耳炎模型用于细菌生物膜研究的可行性.方法 30只健康雄性SD大鼠,采用随机数字表法分为实验组(24只)和对照组(6只).麻醉后将50μl肺炎链球菌悬液[1×108菌落形成单位(colony forming unit,CFU)/...     

Modulation of the defective natural killer activity seen in thalassaemia major with desferrioxamine and alpha-interferon.

We previously observed that natural killer (NK) activity toward K562 cells is markedly depressed in patients with beta-thalassaemia major. Here we report that these patients also exhibit significantly decreased (P less than 0.005) NK cytotoxicity against human fibroblasts infected with herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) and that the amount of alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) generated during the latter assays is significantly less than normal (P less than 0.005). This decreased production of alpha-IFN may account in part for the decreased NK activity seen in the thalassaemia patients. On the other hand, the cytotoxicity of their mononuclear cells (MNC) toward both K562 cells and HSV-1-infected fibroblasts could be augmented to the same extent as that of normal MNC by preincubation with alpha-IFN suggesting that thalassaemia MNC are capable of responding to this lymphokine despite their reduced ability to produce it. Moreover, preincubation of thalassaemia MNC with desferrioxamine (DFO), an iron-chelating agent, consistently increased the lysis of K562 cells indicating that the transfusion-induced iron overload which these patients experience may also contribute to the defective NK function seen in this disease. We have now found that preincubation of such MNC with DFO has no effect upon production of alpha-IFN when the MNC are cocultured with either HSV-1-infected fibroblasts or K562 cells. Combining DFO and alpha-IFN resulted in an increase in the NK activity of both normal and thalassaemia MNC against the two targets which was greater than that with alpha-IFN alone. In fact, preincubation of thalassaemia cells with this combination increased their NK activity toward K562 targets to that of untreated normal cells. This was true when either unfractionated MNC or NK-enriched fractions were used as effector cells. These results suggest that DFO and alpha-IFN enhance NK activity by different mechanisms, both of which appear to be reversibly impaired in thalassaemia patients.     

Induction of Lung Injury by Cooking Oil Fumes in Mice and the Protective Effects of Vitamin C

Cooking oil fumes (COF) are one of the most common air pollutants in indoor living environments in China. When oil is heated above 250 ℃, at least 220 types of products are produced in the lampblack, including carcinogenic heterocyclic amines and B[α]P[1]. These agents can lead to the occurrence and development of cancer[2]. Previous studies have reported that exposure of lung epithelial cells to COF increases lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress[3]. A meta-analysis has indicated that COF exposure, notably in the absence of a fume extractor, may increase the risk of lung cancer among Chinese nonsmoking women[4]. Previous experiments have also shown that COF-derived components induce oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in A549 cells and BEAS-2B cells, whereas this effect is prevented by vitamin C and N-acetylcysteine[5]. The antioxidant effects of vitamin C have been demonstrated in several in vitro models. The aim of the present study was to investigate the adverse effects of COF in lung tissues and the protective effects of vitamin C in mice after sub-acute exposure to different doses of COF, to provide chronic toxicity testing data and a basis for further mechanistic studies. Collectively, this information could be used as a reference for the prevention and treatment of lung injury caused by COF.     

全髋关节置换术治疗脊柱骨骺发育不良患者Tönnis 3级髋关节骨关节炎的早期疗效

目的: 脊柱骨骺发育不良(spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia,SED)患者因骨骼、关节发育异常,生物力学改变和早年手术干预等往往导致严重的髋关节骨关节炎。本研究探讨人工全髋关节置换术治疗SED患者Tönnis 3级髋关节骨关节炎的早期疗效及可能的影响。方法: 2017年1月至2019年6月,将由高...     

682例活体损伤鉴定的特征及影响因素分析

目的:探讨活体损伤鉴定的特征及影响因素.方法:回顾性分析682例活体损伤程度被鉴定人的人口学特征、案件资料(作案动机、发生场所、案发时间等)、致伤工具、损伤特征(部位、类型等)及损伤程度等,采用单因素和多因素Logis-tic回归分析其差异及影响因素.结果:被鉴定人以男性(74.34％)、18～44岁的青壮年(62.61％)为主;案发主要原因为临时口角(84.02％);娱乐场所多见(55.43％);8月份案件发生最多,且18:00～24:00时间段常见(37.28％).钝器伤占比最高(80.06％),且以徒手伤为主(87.36％);损伤部位主要分布在颜面部(31.52％)和颅脑(27.57％),以骨折(35.34％)、创(33.87％)和擦挫伤(20.53％)为主.多因素Logistic回归分析发现,损伤类型(OR=3.113,95％CI=2.308～4.2,P=0.001)及损伤部位(OR=1.119,95％CI=1.051～1.190,P=0.001)是轻伤及以上的独立危险因素;致伤物(OR=2.195,95％CI=1.011～4.768,P=0.047)是重伤二级的独立危险因素.结论:损伤程度与被鉴定人特征、损伤类型、损伤部位及致伤物有内在关联.     

TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17在胎膜早破母儿感染相关不良妊娠结局中的表达及临床价值

目的 探讨母血、脐血血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平在胎膜早破(premature rupture of membranes,PROM)合并绒毛膜羊膜炎(chorioamnionitis,CS)及PROM新生儿围产期感染中的临床意义.方法 51例因胎膜早破至昆明医科大学第一附属医院产科住院的孕妇为PROM组,同期20例正常分娩孕妇为对照组.采用ELISA法检测母血、脐血血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17水平.再次将PROM组分为PROM无CS组和PROM合并CS组,PROM无新生儿围产期感染组(A1)和PROM新生儿围产期感染组(A2);比较母血、脐血中3项指标在不同分组中的表达水平,ROC曲线分析三项指标预测胎膜早破母儿感染相关不良妊娠结局的价值.结果(1)PROM合并CS组母血、脐血血清TNF-α、IL-6表达水平显著高于PROM无CS组和对照组(P<0.05);PROM无CS组母血TNF-α、脐血IL-6的表达水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(2)A2组母血、脐血血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-17表达水平均显著高于A1组和对照组(P<0.05);A1组母血TNF-α、脐血IL-6的表达水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)母血、脐血血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平互呈显著正相关(P<0.001);(4)诊断PROM合并CS时,单项检测母血TNF-α的曲线下面积(Area under the curve,AUC)最大(0.763),母血TNF-α的AUC高于脐血TNF-α(0.614)(P<0.05);联合母血+脐血TNF-α+IL-64项指标诊断PROM合并CS的AUC(0.820)显著高于脐血TNF-α单项指标的AUC值(0.614)(P<0.05);(5)诊断PROM新生儿围产期感染时,单项检测时母血中IL-6的AUC最大(0.800),脐血中IL-17的AUC最大(0.829),脐血IL-17的AUC高于母血IL-17(0.735)(P<0.05);联合脐血IL-6+IL-172项指标或联合脐血TNF-α+IL-6+IL-173项指标诊断PROM发生新生儿围产期感染的诊断效果较好(AUC:0.863、0.866).结论 母血、脐血TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17是预测PROM母儿感染相关不良妊娠结局的重要指标,联合检测效果较好.临床工作中若考虑脐血检测的局限性,仅检测母血以上细因子也有较好的临床运用价值.     

不同类型置管方式治疗泪道阻塞疾病的疗效比较

目的 比较不同类型泪道置管方式治疗泪道阻塞疾病的疗效差异,并分析影响疗效的相关因素.方法 回顾性分析2017-01/2019-10月在武汉协和医院行泪道置管手术治疗泪道阻塞的123眼(96例)患者病例资料,分为泪道顺行置管组(67眼)和逆行置管组(56眼),分别置入U型硅胶泪道引流管(U管)和ND09B型泪道扩张引流管...