低浓度胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ可以预报正常体重2型糖尿病患者的体重增加

目的:胰岛素样生长因子(insulin-likegrowthfactor,IGF)-I与IGF-Ⅱ在代谢和生长调节中都发挥着重要的作用。先前我们报道过在血糖正常的正常体重个体中,低浓度IGF-Ⅱ预示着将来体重的增加。我们接着又研究了在2型糖尿病的情况下这一关系是否仍旧成立。方法:在为期5年的随访中,我们对224例2型糖尿病患者中基线时IGF-Ⅱ水平与体重增加风险(>2.0kg)之间的关系作了评估。结果:在随访期间有90位受试者(40.2%)体重增加高于2.0kg。对于基线时的受试者[体重指数(bodymassindex)<26],在体重增加高于2.0kg受试者的平均IGF-Ⅱ水平要显著低于体重…     

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of subclavian arteries

The clinical records and procedural details of 30 subclavian angioplasty procedures attempted in 27 patients were reviewed. Long-term follow-up was obtained through referring physician records and direct telephone contact with the patients. Eight patients presented with neurologic symptoms only, six had arm claudication only, nine had both neurologic and arm symptoms, three underwent dilations to provide graft inflow, and one was asymptomatic. Procedural complications included a stroke in the contralateral carotid distribution, occurring during follow-up arch aortography, and an embolus in the fifth digit of the left hand, which was of no clinical significance. Long-term success did not correlate well with degree of stenosis, lesion length, or postangioplasty appearance. The patients with arm and neurologic symptoms who were followed up for 3 years experienced immediate relief and remained symptom free or improved, except for the patient who suffered the stroke and one patient with labyrinthitis.     

Cognitive and personality analysis of startle reactivity in a large cohort of healthy males

Subjects with low/undetectable startle are usually excluded from startle studies but few reports not confounded by this factor, show reduced startle in healthy impulsive subjects, or clinical populations with disorders of affect and impulsivity but also in schizophrenia and its prodrome. We examined the relationship of startle reactivity including startle “non-responding” status to cognitive and affective personality traits in a large and ethnically/demographically homogeneous cohort of healthy males from the LOGOS study, Heraklion, Crete. Startle reactivity was monotonically related to sensitivity to reward (higher in “non-responders”, lower in strong responders). In addition, “non-responders” had poorer strategy, working memory and sustained attention performance compared to responder tertile groups. More research in clinical and high risk populations is required to examine if low/undetectable startle reactivity is a valuable intermediate phenotype for disorders of affect and impulsivity. It is possible that the “non-responsive” status may capture disease related features such as executive dysfunction.     

Pathways to HIV risk and vulnerability among lesbian,gay, bisexual,and transgendered methamphetamine users: a multi-cohort gender-based analysis

Background  

Methamphetamine (MA) use continues to be a major public health concern in many urban settings. We sought to assess potential relationships between MA use and individual, social, and structural HIV vulnerabilities among sexual minority (lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgendered) drug users.     

A pilot study of the human chorionic gonadotrophin test for ovarian hyperandrogenism

A controlled clinical study was designed to investigate the value of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) challenge as a test for functional ovarian hyperandrogenism. Dexamethasone administration was followed by 5000 IU HCG and blood samples for steroid hormone assay were obtained 0, 8, 16, and 24 h thereafter. Study subjects were normal women (n = 13); women with functional ovarian hyperandrogenism, defined by androgen excess, amenorrhoea and an increased 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to nafarelin (n = 6); and normal men (n = 4). The responses of 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione and testosterone to HCG in women with functional ovarian hyperandrogenism were significantly greater than in normal women. However, the 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to HCG in functional ovarian hyperandrogenism was significantly lower after HCG than after nafarelin. The oestradiol response was also significantly lower after HCG than nafarelin, although oestradiol concentration more than doubled in normal women as well as in women with functional ovarian hyperandrogenism. The responses to HCG confirm that functional ovarian hyperandrogenism abnormalities are luteinizing hormone (LH)-dependent. Therefore, the 17- hydroxyprogesterone response to HCG could represent a useful test for the diagnosis of ovarian hyperandrogenism. The lower 17- hydroxyprogesterone response to HCG than to nafarelin in functional ovarian hyperandrogenism suggests that a follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-responsive factor modulates thecal 17-hydroxyprogesterone secretion. The oestradiol response to HCG is consistent with HCG directly stimulating the oestradiol secretion by thecal cells.      

A new pathogenic mutation in the APP gene (I716V) increases the relative proportion of A beta 42(43)

We report a novel mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APP I716V) which probably leads to familial early onset Alzheimer's disease with an onset age in the mid 50s. Cells transfected with cDNAs bearing this mutation produce more A beta 1-42(43) than those transfected with wild-type APP and this effect is additive with that of the previously reported APP V717I mutation thus providing a novel approach for further increasing A beta 1-42(43) in model systems.      

三氧化二β-锗丙酸对硝基苯酯的合成和结构性质

The title compound was synthesized with the view of finding anticancer agents since organogermanium have been reported to have such actions. Tts structure and properties were determined and examined by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, FAB-MS and TG-DTA. The IR spectrum showed the characteristic absorption band of Ge-O bonds at 800～900 cm^-1,indicating the formation of organogermanium sesquioxide. Under fast acom bombardment, the Ge-O-Ge-O network was split, the fragments with R-Ge could combine with 3-mercapto-1,2-propanediol or glycerin easily, forming the new compounds of R-Ge-O-CH and R-Ge-O-CH type. When heated in air, the compound decomposed in three steps, the possible mechanism of thermal decomposition was discussed. The biological activity of the compound is to be determined.     

Accelerated partial breast irradiation using interstitial high dose rate 192iridium brachytherapy: Early Australian experience and review of the literature

Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is an evolving new technique of adjuvant irradiation in selected women with early‐stage breast cancer. We developed a pilot programme of APBI in 2000 and report end results in seven patients followed for a mean of 42.7 months (range 29–55 months). Good to excellent cosmesis and no loco‐regional relapse or systemic metastases have occurred. The literature related to APBI is reviewed.