概念图护理查房对护士评判性思维能力的影响

目的探讨在护理查房中运用概念图对培养护士评判性思维能力的效果。方法将40名儿科护士按病区分为传统查房组(20名),采用传统模式进行护理查房;概念图查房组(20名)运用概念图进行护理查房。两组均每个月查房1次,持续12个月。采用评判性思维测评量表(CTDI-CV)测量干预前后两组评判性思维能力。结果实施前两组评判性思维总分及各特质得分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);实施后两组评判性思维能力有不同程度的提高,但概念图查房组除寻找真相和认知成熟度外,其他特质和总分较传统查房组显著提高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论在护理查房中运用概念图,可开放思想,增强临床护士的求知欲和分析能力及系统化能力,提高评判性思维能力。     

自制三维解剖锁定钢板固定复合型髋臼骨折的解剖学研究

目的:根据髋臼解剖特点,研制一种三维解剖锁定钢板固定除后壁及后柱的复合型髋臼骨折,尤其是包括四方区移位的复合型髋臼骨折,并探讨其优缺点。方法:通过对40具成人骨盆及5具成人新鲜尸体标本的测量、试验,测量弓状线弓耻线弧长和弧度、髋臼中心至弓状线的距离等解剖数据,设计出三维解剖锁定钢板,经髂腹股沟入路或者联合Stoppa入路固定复合型髋臼骨折。结果:弓状线弧长:男(54.12±5.42)mm,女(58.24±6.60)mm。弧度:男(64.26±10.28)°,女(60.32±12.26)°。弓耻弧长:男(122.21±8.02)mm,女(126.52±7.84)mm。弓耻弧度:男(66.24±13.10)°,女(63.25±12.10)°。髋臼中心至弓状线的距离:男(18.6±2.2)mm,女(18.9±2.5)mm。由髂腹股沟入路或者联合Stoppa入路对非后壁及后柱的复合型髋臼骨折,包括四方区移位的髋臼骨折施行三维解剖锁定钢板内固定,复位及固定可靠。结论:采用自制三维解剖锁定钢板固定非后壁及后柱的复合型髋臼骨折能解决既往常规内固定难以解决的一些复合型髋臼骨折,复位固定更加精准、可靠、稳定,且手术创伤小,开拓髋臼骨折内固定的新思路。     

HIV感染者健康教育满意状况及影响因素调查

目的 了解上海市某艾滋病定点收治医院HIV感染者对护理健康教育的满意度,为开展针对性健康教育提供参考.方法 采用自行设计的问卷对209例HIV感染者进行健康教育满意度的调查.结果 209例HIV感染者中,健康教育满意率不足50%;不同诊疗方式、文化程度及身体状况患者健康教育满意度比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）.结论 HIV感染者对医院提供的健康教育满意度不高.艾滋病专科护士应根据患者不同特质有针对性地开展内容丰富、形式多样的健康教育.     

Argyrophilic grain disease differs from other tauopathies by lacking tau acetylation

Post-translational modifications play a key role in tau protein aggregation and related neurodegeneration. Because hyperphosphorylation alone does not necessarily cause tau aggregation, other post-translational modifications have been recently explored. Tau acetylation promotes aggregation and inhibits tau’s ability to stabilize microtubules. Recent studies have shown co-localization of acetylated and phosphorylated tau in AD and some 4R tauopathies. We developed a novel monoclonal antibody against acetylated tau at lysine residue 274, which recognizes both 3R and 4R tau, and used immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to probe 22 cases, including AD and another eight familial or sporadic tauopathies. Acetylated tau was identified in all tauopathies except argyrophilic grain disease (AGD). AGD is an age-associated, common but atypical 4R tauopathy, not always associated with clinical progression. Pathologically, AGD is characterized by neuropil grains, pre-neurofibrillary tangles, and oligodendroglial coiled bodies, all recognized by phospho-tau antibodies. The lack of acetylated tau in these inclusions suggests that AGD represents a distinctive tauopathy. Our data converge with previous findings to raise the hypothesis that AGD could play a protective role against the spread of AD-related tau pathology. Tau acetylation as a key modification for the propagation tau toxicity deserves further investigation.     

Parental Feeding Practices and Child-Related Factors are Associated with Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - Atypical eating behaviors displayed by children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) predispose them to unhealthy weight gain. We determined the...     

通腑解毒汤联合血液滤过对重症急性胰腺炎患者炎症介质及疗效的影响

目的  探讨通腑解毒汤联合连续性静-静脉血液滤过（CVVH）对急性重症胰腺炎（SAP）患者肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白介素-6（IL-6）的影响及临床疗效。方法  选择发病72 h的SAP患者40例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组20例。对照组予以西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用中药通腑解毒汤联合CVVH治疗。比较两组治疗前及治疗72 h后IL-6和TNF-α的浓度;观察两组治疗前后生命体征、血气、生化指标、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（APACHE Ⅱ）评分、Ranson评分等指标,判断患者整体病情。结果  治疗72 h后,治疗组IL-6、TNF-α浓度较对照组降低（P <0.01）,治疗组较对照组患者发热、呼吸窘迫等症状有不同程度的缓解,血清淀粉酶（AMY）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、总胆红素（TBIL）、血肌酐（SCr）、尿素氮（BUN）下降（P <0.05）,平均动血压（MAP）逐渐上升,氧分压（PaO2）和氧合指数提高,肠麻痹时间、多器官功能障碍综合征发生率下降,平均住院日缩短（P <0.05）。治疗7 d后,治疗组较对照组APACHE Ⅱ评分、Ranson评分降低（P <0.01）,住院费用比较差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论  通腑解毒汤联合CVVH治疗SAP能清除部分促炎因子,减轻炎症反应,提高临床疗效,可作为SAP重要的辅助治疗措施之一。