散发性包涵体肌炎临床病理分析

目的探讨散发性包涵体肌炎(sIBM)患者的临床及病理特点。方法收集2例于2008年至2010年就诊并明确诊断为s1BM的患者临床、病理资料。两例患者均有股四头肌无力和萎缩,1例出现肢体远端无力和上肢无力。2例患者均进行了肌肉活体组织检查标本的组织学、酶组织化学染色和免疫组织化学染色。结果 2例患者肌酶均轻度升高。肌电图检查示1例呈肌源性损害,1例呈神经源性损害。2例患者的骨骼肌主要病理改变都是肌内衣炎细胞浸润、肌纤维萎缩,肌纤维内嗜碱性镶边空泡。免疫组织化学染色提示CD8+淋巴细胞浸润为主,1例患者镶边空泡肌纤维内Ubiquitin染色阳性。结论本文2例sIBM以股四头肌损害明显,病情缓慢进展,依靠肌肉活检确定诊断。     

多中心型Castleman病伴嗜酸细胞升高1例报道并文献复习

目的了解Castleman病（Castleman＇s Disease,CD）的临床特征并提高诊断和治疗水平。方法报道1例以嗜酸细胞升高为主要表现的CD的临床资料并结合文献复习,为其诊断和鉴别诊断提供新思路。结果患者男性,57岁,体检发现嗜酸细胞增多;双侧颈部、腋窝、腹股沟及腹膜后多个淋巴结肿大;淋巴结活检病理：血管滤泡性淋巴结组织增生,浆细胞型。结论临床表现多样,组织病理学检查或淋巴结活检有益于早期诊断,最佳治疗效果基于组织病理学和临床分类。     

无功能肾上腺肿瘤82例临床分析

目的分析无功能肾上腺肿瘤的病理及临床特征。方法无功能肾上腺肿瘤82例,术前经B超(80例)、CT扫描(79例)或MRI(26例)定位诊断,81例经手术病理证实,1例晚期患者,未行手术死亡。所有患者术前各项内分泌指标检测结果均在正常范围。结果 81例手术患者,80例顺利切除肿瘤,术中未发现血压波动。80例术后随访1年以上未发现肿瘤复发。结论 B超、CT为无功能肾上腺肿瘤首选诊断方法;直径>4 cm肿瘤需手术切除。     

YD383和YD439对IL-4诱导的BJAB细胞CD23表达的影响

目的:初步探讨2种化合物YD383、YD439对JAK/STAT6信号传导通路的抑制机制。方法:将不同剂量的化合物YD383和YD439加入对数生长期的BJAB细胞作用30min,终浓度为20μg/L的白细胞介素(IL)-4共同孵育3h后,收集细胞并加入PE标记的鼠抗人CD23抗体,流式细胞仪检测各细胞群体CD23分子的表达情况。结果:化合物YD383和YD439均能降低由IL-4诱导的BJAB细胞CD23分子的表达,且随着化合物剂量的增大,CD23分子的表达水平逐渐降低。2种化合物各自不同的剂量组间CD23分子表达的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:化合物YD383和YD439对IL-4诱导的CD23分子的表达均有明显的抑制作用,并且具有剂量依赖性。     

恶性血液病合并肺部侵袭性真菌感染31例临床分析

目的探讨恶性血液病合并肺部侵袭性真菌感染（invasive fungal infection,IFI）的临床特点。方法对31例并发肺部IFI的恶性血液病患者的临床特征进行回顾性分析。结果广谱抗生素使用时间≥7d,IFI出现前中性粒细胞缺乏时间≥7d,中性粒细胞缺乏持续时间≥10d是并发IFI的重要诱因。感染菌种主要为白色念珠菌（占9.7%,3株）、非白色念珠菌（占12.9%,4株）和曲霉菌（29.1%,9株）。虽经抗真菌治疗,仍有8例患者死于呼吸衰竭。结论恶性血液病患者易于发生IFI,且一旦发生病死率明显增加,应及早进行预防和早期经验性抗真菌治疗。     

Splenic Injury Following Colonoscopy – An Underdiagnosed,But Soon to Increase,Phenomenon?

INTRODUCTION

We present a case of splenic rupture in a 71-year-old woman admitted 6 days following a diagnostic colonoscopy. She underwent an open splenectomy and made a delayed, but complete, recovery.We proceeded to perform a retrospective review of all relevant literature to assess the frequency of similar post-colonoscopy complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Using relevant keywords, we identified 63 further PubMed reports of splenic injury associated with colonoscopy that were reported in English.

FINDINGS

We have described only the fourth report of splenic injury secondary to colonoscopy from a UK centre. Literature review reveals a mean age of 63 years and a female preponderance for this complication.Most patients present on the day of their colonoscopy with abdominal pain, anaemia, elevated white cell count and Kehr''s sign. CT is the investigation of choice and splenectomy the definitive management of choice. Most patients make a routine recovery, with mortality rates of approximately 8%.There is likely to be an under-reporting of this complication from UK-based centres,with the majority of reports originating from Europe and US.This points to a possible under-diagnosis or under-recognition of this potentially fatal complication. The incidence of such post-colonoscopic complications may increase with the forthcoming introduction of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Programme.     

主动脉夹层患者的心理社会因素分析

目的:探讨分析主动脉夹层患者的心理社会因素的特点。方法:应用临床心理测定工具分别评价62例主动脉夹层患者及62例正常对照人群的生活事件、人格特征、应付方式、社会支持、患病后的心身健康状况及其影响因素。结果:病例组患病前所经历的生活事件频数及紧张值,消极应付方式评分,抑郁及焦虑分值均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。病例组积极应付评分、社会支持总分低于对照组(P<0.05)。生活事件负性紧张、焦虑和抑郁为主动脉夹层的危险因素,而积极应付方式和社会支持为疾病的保护因子。结论:本研究发现主动脉夹层患者具有特殊的心理社会特征和心身健康状况,除了常规治疗同时,应采取积极的社会心理干预措施。     

Cardiac abnormalities and facial anthropometric measurements in children from the Free State and Northern Cape provinces of South Africa with chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion

Introduction

Microdeletions of chromosome 22 are common and have a prevalence of at least 1/4 000. Cardiac abnormalities, abnormal facial features and palatal abnormalities are frequently present in these patients.

Aim

To describe the cardiac lesions and selected measurable facial features in children from the Free State and Northern Cape presenting at the Cardiology Unit of the Universitas Academic Hospital complex in Bloemfontein.

Methods

This was a prospective study in which patients with abnormal facial characteristics were tested using a fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) probe for the 22q11.2 microdeletion. Forty children tested positive for the microdeletion. All patients underwent an echocardiogram and where possible, facial anthropometric measurements were performed.

Results

The median age at diagnosis was 3.6 years (range 0.04 years, i.e. 2 weeks to 16.2 years). Tetralogy with or without pulmonary atresia was diagnosed in 43% (n = 17) of the children and truncus arteriosus in 20% (n = 8). A rightsided aortic arch was present in 43% (n = 17) of the patients. Mid-facial height was slightly longer (median z = 1.0; range –0.5 to 3.3) and width narrower (median z = –1.4; range –2.2 to 0.1) than normal. Ear height and width were notably small compared to normal, with median z-scores = –3.3 (range –4.8 to –2.6) and z = –2.4 (range –3.4 to –1.4), respectively.

Conclusions

Microdeletions of chromosome 22q11 are present in children from the Free State and Northern Cape. Conotruncal cyanotic heart lesions, especially tetralogy with or without pulmonary atresia and truncus arteriosus were the most frequent congenital cardiac diagnoses. A right-sided aortic arch was also commonly present in these children. Facial features varied and small ears were the most noteworthy anthropometric feature. A right-sided aortic arch with or without a congenital cardiac lesion, a long, narrow mid-face and small ears should alert the physician to the possibility of a microdeletion on the long arm of chromosome 22.     

抗红花花粉蛋白单克隆抗体的研制

目的：研究红花中过敏原性物质的检测和评价方法,为筛查红花制剂过敏原残留、优化红花制剂工艺、预防红花制剂过敏反应的发生提供新的研究思路和方法。方法：以水煮醇沉法提取红花花粉蛋白,用花粉蛋白免疫小鼠,筛选特异性细胞克隆,扩增、纯化制备抗红花蛋白单克隆抗体。采用酶联免疫吸附剂测定（ELISA）方法检测单克隆抗体对红花抗原的特异性识别情况。结果：3株单克隆抗体均能特异性识别红花抗原。结论：抗红花蛋白单克隆抗体对研究红花过敏反应的发生机理、优化红花制剂工艺及降低过敏反应发生具有重要意义。