雌激素受体在肺腺癌和鳞状细胞癌中的表达研究

目的 研究雌激素受体(ER)a和β在良性肺组织和肺癌组织中的表达及其与临床和病理学特征的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学方法检测ERa和β在18例肺腺癌和29例肺鳞状细胞癌(共有35例含癌旁肺组织)及12例良性肺病变组织中的表达。切片内阳性细胞数≥20％为ER阳性。结果 ERβ在肺癌组织中的表达主要定位于细胞核，其在肺癌组织中的表达率为44．7％(21／47)，而在癌旁肺组织和肺良性病变组织中无明显表达。ERβ在鳞状细胞癌、腺癌中阳性表达率分别为27．6％(8／29)、72．2％(13／18)，腺癌组织中ERβ表达率显著高于鳞癌(P＜0．05)。ERβ在肺癌、癌旁肺组织和肺良性病变组织中均未见表达。结论 结果提示雌激素受体ERβ与肺癌尤其是肺腺癌的发生可能有关联。     

Purification and characterization of a kinase specific for the serine- and arginine-rich pre-mRNA splicing factors.

Members of the SR family of pre-mRNA splicing factors are phosphoproteins that share a phosphoepitope specifically recognized by monoclonal antibody (mAb) 104. Recent studies have indicated that phosphorylation may regulate the activity and the intracellular localization of these splicing factors. Here, we report the purification and kinetic properties of SR protein kinase 1 (SRPK1), a kinase specific for SR family members. We demonstrate that the kinase specifically recognizes the SR domain, which contains serine/arginine repeats. Previous studies have shown that dephosphorylated SR proteins did not react with mAb 104 and migrated faster in SDS gels than SR proteins from mammalian cells. We show that SRPK1 restores both mobility and mAB 104 reactivity to a SR protein SF2/ASF (splicing factor 2/alternative splicing factor) produced in bacteria, suggesting that SRPK1 is responsible for the generation of the mAb 104-specific phosphoepitope in vivo. Finally, we have correlated the effects of mutagenesis in the SR domain of SF2/ASF on splicing with those on phosphorylation of the protein by SRPK1, suggesting that phosphorylation of SR proteins is required for splicing.     

Enhancement of fibronectin synthesis and fibrillogenesis by BMP-4 in cultured rat osteoblast.

The skeletal extracellular matrix produced by osteoblasts contains the glycoprotein fibronectin (Fn), which regulates the adhesion, differentiation, and function of osteoblasts. Fn fibrillogenesis is involved in the process of bone mineralization. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) can be isolated from organic bone matrix and are able to initiate de novo cartilage and bone formation. In this study, the effect of BMP-4 on Fn fibrillogenesis in cultured rat osteoblasts was examined. BMP-4 enhanced Fn synthesis and extracellular Fn assembly in primary cultured osteoblasts. In addition, the extracellular assembly of Fn from exogenously applied soluble human Fn was also increased by BMP-4. It has been reported that alpha5beta1 integrin is related to Fn fibrillogenesis. The synthesis of both alpha5 and beta1 integrins was upregulated by BMP-4. Immunocytochemistry showed that the clustering of alpha5 and beta1 integrins was also increased by BMP-4. BMP-4 increased fibril formation of Fn and the adhesion of osteoblasts onto Fn matrix, which was inhibited by disintegrin triflavin and Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS) peptide. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was increased by BMP-4. Enhancement of extracellular Fn fibrillogenesis and the mRNA expression of beta1 integrin by BMP-4 were inhibited by ERK kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059. These results suggest that the enhancement of extracellular Fn fibrillogenesis by BMP-4 in cultured osteoblasts is related to the increase of the synthesis of Fn and clustering of alpha5 and beta1 integrins. ERK is involved in the signaling pathway of BMP-4 in regulating Fn fibrillogenesis in osteoblasts.     

猫延髓嘴侧腹外侧区微量注射内皮素－1对心血管和肾交感神经活动的影响

采用脑立体定向和脑内微量注射技术研究了猫延髓嘴侧腹外侧区（ｒＶＬＭ）微量注射内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１），对平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）、心率（ＨＲ）和肾交感神经活动（ＲＮＡ）的影响。结果表明：ｒＶＬＭ内微量注射ＥＴ－１（２ｐｍｏｌ，０．５μｌ），可显著升高平均动脉压、增加心率和增强肾交感神经活动，并存在量－效间的正相关关系。双侧颈部迷走神经切断后，不影响上述结果。静脉预先给与α－受体阻断剂（Ｒｅｇｉｔｉｎｅ，５ｍｇ／ｋｇ），能显著抑制ＥＴ－１的上述升压作用。放射免疫观察到，ｒＶＬＭ内微量注射ＥＴ－１后，血浆精氨酸升压素（ＡＶＰ）含量显著升高，其变化与血压变化呈显著一致。以上结果提示，（１）ｒＶＬＭ内ＥＴ－１参与心血管活动的中枢调节，并显示有部位特异性；（２）该调节作用主要通过改变交感神经传出活动实现，而与迷走神经活动无关；（３）ｒＶＬＭ内ＥＴ－１还可能激动下丘脑室旁核及视上核的升压素能神经元，从而参与心血管活动的调节。     

脑卒中患者下丘脑─垂体─肾上腺皮质轴功能改变及临床意义

观察了１７２例脑卒中患者血清促肾上腺皮质激素（ＡＣＴＨ）、皮质醇的变化，发现ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇水平明显高于正常对照组，脑出血组高于脑梗塞组；病情轻重与ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇的变化明显相关。治疗前后ＡＣＴＨ、皮质醇水平明显不同，治疗后明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。说明治疗后可改善下丘脑－垂体－肾上腺皮质轴（Ｈ／Ｐ／Ａ）功能紊乱。     

从北京入境的中国籍旅行者死亡案例分析

目的 国际旅行者的健康和在旅行目的 地死亡原因应予以极大关注.通过对中国籍旅行者死亡原因的分析、致死危险性因素的评估,以便有针对性地对国际旅行者提供卫生保健咨询.方法 本文分析了1998年到2002年期间经北京口岸入境的在国外死亡的中国籍旅行者.对每例死亡的地理分布、死亡原因等进行统计.结果 1998年到2002年期间经北京口岸入境的在国外死亡的中国籍旅行者共64例.死亡发生在利比亚、阿拉伯联合酋长国、巴基斯坦、新加坡和巴林等36个国家和地区.心血管疾病、交通事故、工伤致死及意外伤害为主要的死亡原因.结论 根据旅行目的地国家不同、旅行目的 不同,针对心血管疾病、工伤、意外伤害及传染病等危险性提供旅行卫生保健咨询.     

Relation between exposure to respirable silica dust and silicosis in a tungsten mine in China.

To estimate the quantitative relation between exposure to respirable silica dust and risk of an attack of silicosis, 1151 workers exposed to silica dust and employed from 1958 to 1987 in a tungsten mine in China were investigated. The results showed that the ratio of respirable silica dust concentration to total silica dust concentration was 0.529. Then, the total silica dust concentration in historical surveillance and monitoring data was converted to respirable silica dust concentration. The free silica content in respirable dust determined by x ray diffraction averaged 24.7%. Multiple logistic regression was used for the dichotomous dependent variables (presence or absence of silicosis). The independent variables in the multiple logistic regression with presence of silicosis as the dependent variable were age when first exposed, tuberculosis (presence or absence), and cumulative exposure to respirable silica dust. The partial regression coefficient of individual cumulative exposure was estimated as 0.079. It implied a positive association between exposure to respirable silica dust and risk of an attack of silicosis. The exposure limit for respirable silica dust was estimated as 0.24 mg/m3 under given conditions.     

实验动物大白鼠型流行性出血热流行病学和临床症状调查

本文对59名接触实验动物大白鼠引起23例流行性出血热(EHF)的流行病学和临床症状进行了调查,发病率为38.98%。发病的有副教授、讲师、助教、研究生等。发病多在春季,年龄组在21～40岁,男多于女。经间接免疫荧光技术检查,大白鼠肺EHFV抗原阳性率为32.69%。临床分型以中型为多,其次为重型和轻型。临床症状以发热、头痛、腰痛、全身痛、食欲不振、酒醉貌为主,没有死亡病例。血清间接免疫荧光抗体IgG在1:320～1:5 120之间的占91.30%。     

逆行灌注心脏不停跳心肌保护的实验研究

目的：探讨逆行灌注心脏不停跳心肌保护的效果。方法：中国大白兔32只随机分为4组，每组8只，A组（对照组），B组（心脏不停跳组，血温34℃），C组（温血心脏麻痹液组，血温34℃），D组（冷血心脏麻痹液组，血温4℃）。采用离体兔心左室做功模型，经冠状静脉窦逆行灌注稀释血液或血停搏液60min。比较观察心功能、冠脉排出液心肌酶谱、心肌组织乳酸、心肌细胞内游离钙浓度、心肌细胞膜ATP酶活性、心肌细胞膜脂质过氧化产物丙二醛含量的变化。结果：B组心功能恢复、心肌细胞膜ATP酶活性显著优于C组和D组，C组优于D组；B组心肌酶漏出、乳酸生成量、心肌细胞内游离钙浓度、心肌细胞膜丙二醛（MDA）含量低于C组和D组，C组低于D组。结论：常温氧合血逆灌心脏不停跳良好的心肌保护效果与其减轻自由基损伤，较好地保持细胞内外Ca^2 平衡，减轻细胞内钙超载，保护细胞膜酶功能有关。     

癌旁组织CD44vmRNA的表达对原发性肝癌术后复发的影响

研究原发性肝癌癌旁组织ＣＤ４４ｖｍＲＮＡ表达的意义。应用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测原发性肝癌癌旁组织ＣＤ４４ｖｍＲＮＡ的表达并结合术后近２年的随访结果进行综合分析。癌旁组织ＣＤ４４ｖｍＲＮＡ表达高于癌组织者的肿瘤包膜缺如、门静脉癌栓和瘤周卫星结节等与转移相 关的病理指标高于癌旁组织ＣＤ４４ｖｍＲＮＡ表达低于癌组织的病例，前者复发率亦高于后者。结论：癌旁组织ＣＤ４４ｖｍＲＮＡ的表达肝癌侵袭潜能以及预测其复发等