Hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis in neurogenetic syndromes

There are conflicting reports on the relationship between cerebellar vermal lobule hypoplasia and autism. Using quantitative magnetic resonance image analysis, we measured the cerebellar vermis in 125 normal individuals with a broad age range and 102 patients with a variety of neurogenetic abnormalities. We conclude that hypoplasia of cerebellar vermal lobules VI and VII is a nonspecific finding that even occurs in several conditions without autistic behavior. This suggests that it is not a specific neuroanatomical marker for autism, nor is cerebellar dys- genesis likely to be solely responsible for clinical autistic behaviors.     

胫骨延长术后的功能康复程序初探

胫骨延长术是矫治小儿麻痹后遗症下肢短缩最常见的术式，但如何恢复或改善术后的功能，目前尚无一套系统的程序。本文作者根据自行设计的胫骨延长休后功能康复的临床观察，作较系统地介绍，并就该程序的合理性，进行了讨论与论证。     

心间隔缺损并哑性动脉导管未闭4例

我院治疗６６例心间隔缺损的病例中，有４例合并哑性动脉导管未闭（简称ＰＤＡ），发生率６％。全组病例术前均无ＰＤＡ临床体征，１例术前再次复查心脏彩超时发现，其余３例均漏诊。１例先处理ＰＤＡ，３例在纠正心内畸形同时处理ＰＤＡ。心间隔缺损合并哑性ＰＤＡ容易漏诊，但有其临床特点，手术可先处理ＰＤＡ，或在体外循环下处理ＰＤＡ。     

Glucose microsensor based on electrochemical deposition of iridium and glucose oxidase onto carbon fiber electrodes1

Miniaturized glucose biosensors, prepared by electrochemical deposition of iridium and glucose oxidase (GOx), are characterized. The iridium network offers good retention of GOx and efficient preferential electrocatalytic detection of the liberated hydrogen peroxide at potentials lower than those of common interfering substances (the ascorbic acid signal actually shifts to a higher potential). The remarkable selectivity thus achieved towards the detection of glucose is coupled to a very fast response. Unlike analogous preparations of noble metal carbon fiber biosensors, a two-step electrodeposition process is required for the fabrication of Ir/GOx microelectrodes. The dependence of the biosensor response upon electrodeposition parameters, such as amounts of GOx and iridium or plating time is examined and optimized. Scanning electron microscopy is used to characterized the growth patterns of the iridium and Ir/GOx layers. The high selectivity associated with electrodeposited iridium matrices makes them very attractive for localizing other hydrogen-peroxide-liberating oxidases.     

Radiotherapy in the treatment of low-grade astrocytomas

Between 1954 and 1986 inclusive, 160 children in the North West Region of England were registered with histologically proven lowgrade astrocytomas (grade 1 or 2). Ten died before receiving any treatment, and a further seven died within 28 days of surgery, leaving 143 children whose survival in relation to treatment modality is the subject of this paper. Low-grade astrocytomas are responsive to radiation therapy. This treatment has no clear benefit to offer children with superficial tumours that can be resected completely or nearly so, but significantly improves survival rates when tumours are deep-seated and not amenable to excision.     

The prevalence of autonomic neuropathy in the primary glaucomas

The results of systemic autonomic nerve function studies in patients with closed-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension are reviewed. Autonomic neuropathy has been demonstrated in 58% of patients with closed-angle glaucoma and 42% of ocular hypertensive subjects, with significantly increased prevalence in ocular hypertensives with narrow iridocorneal angles. The implications are discussed, with particular reference to the pathogenesis of raised intraocular pressure.     

High resolution electron paramagnetic resonance imaging of biological samples with a single line paramagnetic label

The application of electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) to obtain information from biological samples has been limited by the lack of ideal single line radical labels. The commonly used nitroxides exhibit multiple lines causing either hyperfine-based limitations in the maximum obtainable image resolution or hyperfine-based artifacts in the reconstructed image. The use of a novel single-line triarylmethyl paramagnetic label that enables marked enhancement in image quality and resolution is reported. This label exhibits a single line EPR spectrum that is sharp (linewidth ～60 mG in the absence of oxygen) and relatively stable in tissues. The potential of this label in enabling high resolution EPR imaging of biological samples was demonstrated in a series of phantoms and isolated biological organs such as the rat kidney. The images demonstrate that resolutions better than 100 μm could be obtained at L-band on samples of up to 20 mm in size.     

中老年人前列腺体积增长的城乡差异

为了解国人中年以后前列腺的生长情况及其可能的影响因素，对北京、河北、湖北等地四个社区的城乡居民前列腺体积进行了经腹Ｂ超测量。结果表明城区居民的前列腺体积明显大于相应年龄段的农村居民，城区居民的前列腺增长速率比农村居民高二倍。生活环境和饮食习惯的不同可能为其原因之一。