全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3545篇 |
免费 | 185篇 |
国内免费 | 50篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 28篇 |
儿科学 | 71篇 |
妇产科学 | 54篇 |
基础医学 | 353篇 |
口腔科学 | 53篇 |
临床医学 | 271篇 |
内科学 | 1148篇 |
皮肤病学 | 74篇 |
神经病学 | 293篇 |
特种医学 | 159篇 |
外科学 | 585篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 194篇 |
眼科学 | 22篇 |
药学 | 150篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 306篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 84篇 |
2021年 | 191篇 |
2020年 | 105篇 |
2019年 | 130篇 |
2018年 | 163篇 |
2017年 | 108篇 |
2016年 | 130篇 |
2015年 | 129篇 |
2014年 | 153篇 |
2013年 | 220篇 |
2012年 | 282篇 |
2011年 | 305篇 |
2010年 | 160篇 |
2009年 | 138篇 |
2008年 | 229篇 |
2007年 | 216篇 |
2006年 | 179篇 |
2005年 | 186篇 |
2004年 | 128篇 |
2003年 | 105篇 |
2002年 | 106篇 |
2001年 | 20篇 |
2000年 | 16篇 |
1999年 | 22篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 16篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1933年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有3780条查询结果,搜索用时 375 毫秒
131.
Emanuele Durante‐Mangoni Domenico Iossa Daniela Pinto Rosa Molaro Federica Agrusta Cristiano Amarelli Enrico Ragone Maria Grimaldi Ciro Maiello Riccardo Utili 《Clinical transplantation》2013,27(3):E282-E288
Chronic hepatitis B is prevalent in the transplant setting and may cause significant complications. Effective control of viral replication is needed. Besides lamivudine, very little data are available on safety and efficacy of other drugs. We describe our experience with adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) in eight heart transplant recipients. Studies included a baseline liver biopsy, thrice‐monthly clinical, biochemical, and virological evaluations, including genotyping and viral load, polymerase gene sequencing for resistance mutations, liver and kidney function tests, and liver ultrasound. Of eight patients, six had fibrosis score ≤2 and negative HBeAg and seven had hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype D. Upon ADV start, median HBV‐DNA was 5.8 logs IU/mL and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were mostly normal. All patients had prior mild‐to‐moderate renal functional impairment. Seven of eight patients started ADV after a previous course of lamivudine. Five of these seven patients became HBV‐DNA undetectable within eight months. One patient with low baseline viremia started ADV de novo and suppressed HBV‐DNA. Median treatment duration was 66 months. ADV daily dose was halved in one patient due to renal function worsening. No ALT flares, hypophosphatemia, liver decompensation, liver cancer, or emergence of resistance was observed. Our data suggest that ADV may be a safe and effective rescue treatment for heart transplant recipients with lamivudine‐resistant chronic hepatitis B. 相似文献
132.
Raffaele Manta Marzio Frazzoni Rita Conigliaro Livia Maccio Gianlugi Melotti Emanuele Dabizzi Helga Bertani Mauro Manno Danilo Castellani Vincenzo Villanacci Gabrio Bassotti 《Surgical endoscopy》2013,27(5):1569-1572
Background
SpyGlass® single-operator peroral cholangioscopy appears to be a promising technique to overcome some limitations of conventional peroral cholangioscopy. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the SpyGlass system in a cohort of patients with indeterminate biliary lesions.Methods
Patients with indeterminate strictures or filling defects at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) were consecutively enrolled. After SpyGlass visual evaluation, targeted biopsies were taken with the SpyBite® and histopathological assessment was made by two experienced gastrointestinal pathologists. SpyBite-targeted biopsy results were evaluated by assessing agreement with surgical specimens and by evaluation of final, clinical follow-up-based diagnosis.Results
Fifty-two patients participated in the study. In 7 cases, definite diagnosis (stones, varices) was made by SpyGlass endoscopic evaluation. In 42 of the remaining 45 cases, material suitable for histopathology assessment was provided by the SpyBite. Overall, a definite diagnosis was made in 49 (7 + 42; 94 %) cases. Agreement of SpyBite biopsy results with surgical specimen diagnosis was found in 38/42 (90 %) cases; sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 88, 94, 96, and 85 %, respectively. Procedure-related complications consisted of one case of mild cholangitis and one case of mild pancreatitis.Conclusions
In our series, the SpyGlass system allowed adequate biopsy sampling and definite diagnosis with high accuracy in the vast majority of patients with indeterminate biliary lesions. Its use was associated with a low complication rate. Further refinements of the technique are warranted, but the SpyGlass system has the potential to become a diagnostic standard for the assessment of indeterminate biliary lesions. 相似文献133.
Emanuele Lezoche Bernardina Fabiani Giancarlo D’Ambrosio Pietro Ursi Andrea Balla Giovanni Lezoche Francesco Monteleone Alessandro M. Paganini 《Surgical endoscopy》2013,27(11):4136-4141
Background
Endoluminal locoregional resection (ELRR) by transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is an alternative treatment option for T1N0 rectal cancer and for selected patients with small T2N0 rectal cancer after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (n-RCT). The N parameter may remain undefined after transanal surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the role of a modified sentinel lymph node technique to improve N staging that the authors named “nucleotide-guided mesorectal excision” (NGME).Methods
The study enrolled 41 patients (24 men and 17 women) with a mean age of 70.5 years. Preoperative staging identified dysplasia with no suspicion for cancer at imaging (n = 8), dysplasia with suspected malignancy at imaging (n = 15), no suspicion of malignancy at imaging after n-RCT (n = 2), cT1N0 (n = 6), cT2N0 (n = 6), cT3N0 (n = 3), and cT3N1 (n = 1). The patients underwent ELRR by TEM with NGME. Before surgery, 99m-technetium-marked nanocolloid was injected into the peritumoral submucosa. After resection, the residual defect was probed to detect residual radioactivity. If present, hot mesorectal fat was excised.Results
With NGME, the mesorectal lymph node harvest increased from 0 to 10. Lymph nodes were isolated in the specimen or in hot mesorectal fat of 20 patients, 8 of whom had undergone n-RCT. The mean lymph node harvest was 2.75 ± 3.01 (range 1–10) in the irradiated patients and 2.91 ± 1.62 (range 1–6) in the nonirradiated patients (p = 0.87). The average number of lymph nodes in the irradiated patients was higher than in a previous historical series.Conclusions
The use of NGME during ELRR by TEM increases the lymph node harvest and may improve staging accuracy after transanal surgery. 相似文献134.
135.
136.
Francesca Abbatini Danila Capoccia Giovanni Casella Emanuele Soricelli Frida Leonetti Nicola Basso 《Surgery for obesity and related diseases》2013,9(4):498-502
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other related co-morbidities in severely obese patients.MethodsFrom May 2003 to July 2008, 33 morbidly obese diabetic patients (20 with body mass index [BMI]>50 kg/m2) underwent LSG. A total of 23 females and 10 males participated, with a mean age of 49.3±8 years, mean preoperative BMI of 52.1±8.5 kg/m2, mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 143.2±47.9 mg/dL, mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.3%±1.4%, and a mean T2DM duration of 7 years. All patients had a 36-month follow-up, and 13 had a 60-month follow-up.ResultsTwenty-nine patients (87.8%) discontinued antidiabetic medications 3 months after LSG, (mean BMI of 42.8±7.8 kg/m2; FPG of 104.5±22.1 mg/dL; HbA1c of 5.3%±.4%). At 36 months, 22 of 26 LSG patients (84.6%) had normal FPG and HbA1c values without antidiabetic therapy. At the 60-month follow-up, 10 of 13 patients (76.9%) had normal FPG and HbA1c values without antidiabetic therapy. The Framingham risk score decreased significantly from 9.7% preoperatively to 4.7% postoperatively. No new diabetic retinopathy occurred during the whole period of observation.ConclusionsThis study confirms the efficacy of LSG in the treatment of T2DM and indicates that, at both 36- and 60-month follow-ups, LSG can provide a significant percentage of treated patients with a prolonged remission of T2DM, with diminished cardiac risk factors and no development of diabetic retinopathy. These results compare favorably with those reported after standard medical therapy. 相似文献
137.
Emanuele D'amico MD Meredith Pasmantier BA Yei‐won Lee MA Louis Weimer MD Hiroshi Mitsumoto MD DSc 《Muscle & nerve》2013,47(1):28-32
Introduction: PLS is defined as pure upper motor neuron disease/dysfunction (PUMND) beyond 48 months after symptom onset. We know little about its early stages, but such knowledge would help to identify the mechanisms underlying PLS and ALS and determine why PLS patients seem to be protected against lower MND (LMND). Methods: We reviewed 622 MND cases during a 4‐year period and identified 34 patients with PUMND (5.4%). Results: Among 23 cases with follow‐up data/electromyograms (EMGs; 2 had only 1 EMG), 13 (57%) remained classified as PUMND, and 8 (35%) developed LMND (mean, 51.4 months after onset). Of these 8, LMND developed in 3 after 48 months from symptom onset. Patients with PUMND and LMND were more functionally impaired (P = 0.02). Separately, we identified 5 patients with PUMND who developed LMND long after 48 months (range, 50–127 months). Conclusions: PLS belongs to the ALS spectrum, and perhaps all cases eventually develop LMND. Muscle Nerve, 2013 相似文献
138.
Chiara Terracciano Emanuele Rastelli Maria Morello Monica Celi Elisabetta Bucci Giovanni Antonini Ottavia Porzio Umberto Tarantino Rossella Zenobi Roberto Massa 《Journal of neurology》2013,260(9):2330-2334
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder affecting, among others, the endocrine system, with derangement of steroid hormones functions. Vitamin D is a steroid recognized for its role in calcium homeostasis. In addition, vitamin D influences muscle metabolism by genomic and non-genomic actions, including stimulation of the insulin-like-growth-factor 1 (IGF1), a major regulator of muscle trophism. To verify the presence of vitamin D deficit in DM1 and its possible consequences, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), calcium, parathormone (PTH), and IGF1 levels were measured in 32 DM1 patients and in 32 age-matched controls. Bone mineral density (BMD) and proximal muscle strength were also measured by DXA and a handheld dynamometer, respectively. In DM1 patients, 25(OH)D levels were reduced compared to controls, and a significant decrease of IGF1 was also found. 25(OH)D levels inversely correlated with CTG expansion size, while IGF1 levels and muscle strength directly correlated with levels of 25(OH)D lower than 20 and 10 ng/ml, respectively. A significantly higher percentage of DM1 patients presented hyperparathyroidism as compared to controls. Calcium levels and BMD were comparable between the two groups. Oral administration of cholecalciferol in 11 DM1 patients with severe vitamin D deficiency induced a normal increase of circulating 25(OH)D, ruling out defects in intestinal absorption or hepatic hydroxylation. DM1 patients show a reduction of circulating 25(OH)D, which correlates with genotype and may influence IGF1 levels and proximal muscle strength. Oral supplementation with vitamin D should be considered in DM1 and might mitigate muscle weakness. 相似文献
139.
140.
E Clozza M Biasotto F Cavalli L Moimas R Di Lenarda 《The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants》2012,27(4):770-775
Purpose: To evaluate three-dimensionally the bone change following ridge preservation procedures (RPP) using computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: Subjects in need of implant therapy were enrolled in the study. The teeth were extracted, and sockets underwent RPP with a bioactive glass (Inion BioRestore, Inion Oy). The patients were scanned with CT within 1 week and 3 months after surgery. Horizontal and vertical radiographic measurements were performed on superimposed CT scans to evaluate bone changes in the alveolar sites during the 3-month period. Results: Thirteen subjects participated, and 32 teeth were extracted and treated with grafting. Alveolar sites treated with RPP demonstrated a preservation of about 77% of the original width dimensions, with a mean loss of 1.8 ± 1.1 mm in width. Moreover, it was observed that the vertical loss of buccal bone was 2.7 ± 1.1 mm, while the loss of lingual bone was 1.9 ± 1.2 mm. Conclusions: The CT evaluation was helpful to assess that the bone loss in width was less than the vertical bone loss of both walls 3 months after RPP. 相似文献