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21.
Pyrethroid-treated nets are an efficient tool for reducing malaria transmission and morbidity. The recent evolution of pyrethroid resistance in several Anopheles species represents a major threat for the future success of roll back malaria in Africa. The possible use of nonpyrethroid insecticides, such as carbamates, on nets is a promising alternative solution because these insecticides are effective against susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant populations of Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes. Unfortunately, carbamate resistance as a result of insensitive acetylcholinesterase has recently been detected in Anopheles gambiae s.s. populations from C?te d'Ivoire. Using biochemical assays on surviving Anopheles mosquitoes from an experimental hut trial, we showed evidence for selection for an insensitive acetylcholinesterase mechanism by carbamate impregnated bednets. However, no such selection has been found with nets treated with pyrethroid alone or pyrethroid/carbamate "two-in-one" -treated nets. Because pyrethroid-impregnated nets were suspected to select for the Kdr mutation in An. gambiae, we propose that use of two-in-one nets could be a promising alternative strategy for the management of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. 相似文献
22.
Escudier B Dorval T Chaput N André F Caby MP Novault S Flament C Leboulaire C Borg C Amigorena S Boccaccio C Bonnerot C Dhellin O Movassagh M Piperno S Robert C Serra V Valente N Le Pecq JB Spatz A Lantz O Tursz T Angevin E Zitvogel L 《Journal of translational medicine》2005,3(1):10-13
BACKGROUND: DC derived-exosomes are nanomeric vesicles harboring functional MHC/peptide complexes capable of promoting T cell immune responses and tumor rejection. Here we report the feasability and safety of the first Phase I clinical trial using autologous exosomes pulsed with MAGE 3 peptides for the immunization of stage III/IV melanoma patients. Secondary endpoints were the monitoring of T cell responses and the clinical outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Exosomes were purified from day 7 autologous monocyte derived-DC cultures. Fifteen patients fullfilling the inclusion criteria (stage IIIB and IV, HLA-A1+, or -B35+ and HLA-DPO4+ leukocyte phenotype, tumor expressing MAGE3 antigen) were enrolled from 2000 to 2002 and received four exosome vaccinations. Two dose levels of either MHC class II molecules (0.13 versus 0.40 x 1014 molecules) or peptides (10 versus 100 mug/ml) were tested. Evaluations were performed before and 2 weeks after immunization. A continuation treatment was performed in 4 cases of non progression. RESULTS: The GMP process allowed to harvest about 5 x 1014 exosomal MHC class II molecules allowing inclusion of all 15 patients. There was no grade II toxicity and the maximal tolerated dose was not achieved. One patient exhibited a partial response according to the RECIST criteria. This HLA-B35+/A2+ patient vaccinated with A1/B35 defined CTL epitopes developed halo of depigmentation around naevi, a MART1-specific HLA-A2 restricted T cell response in the tumor bed associated with progressive loss of HLA-A2 and HLA-BC molecules on tumor cells during therapy with exosomes. In addition, one minor, two stable and one mixed responses were observed in skin and lymph node sites. MAGE3 specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses could not be detected in peripheral blood. CONCLUSION: The first exosome Phase I trial highlighted the feasibility of large scale exosome production and the safety of exosome administration. 相似文献
23.
Anne Delextrat Thierry Bernard Christophe Hausswirth Fabrice Vercruyssen Jeanick Brisswalter 《Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquée》2003,28(3):356-369
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of swimming with a wetsuit on energy expenditure during subsequent cycling. Nine well-trained triathletes underwent three submaximal trials. The first trial (SC) consisted of a 750-m swim realised at a competition pace, followed by a 10-min cycling exercise at a power output corresponding to the ventilatory threshold . The two other trials were composed of the same cycling exercise, preceded either by a 750-m swim with a wetsuit (WSC) or by a cycling warm-up (Ctrl). The main results are that the WSC trial was characterised by significantly lower swimming cadence (-14%), heart rate (-11%), and lactate values (-47%) compared to the SC trial, p < 0.05. Moreover, cycling efficiency was significantly higher in the WSC trial compared to the SC trial (12.1% difference, p < 0.05). The lower relative intensity observed during swimming with a wetsuit suggest the relative importance of swimming condition on the total performance in a sprint triathlon. 相似文献
24.
Di Palma F Guignandon A Chamson A Lafage-Proust MH Laroche N Peyroche S Vico L Rattner A 《Biomaterials》2005,26(20):4249-4257
In a previous study we demonstrated that MG-63 cells cultured on Ti-6Al-4V discs covered by alumina ceramic and submitted to intermittent mechanical strain (IMS) presented morphological alteration associated with enhanced differentiation. Here we examine how the mechanical response of osteoblasts can be modulated by the nature of the substrate. MG-63 cells were cultured on four materials: polystyrene and Ti-6Al-4V (average roughness = 0.48 microm) as smooth substrates; Ti-6Al-4V (average roughness = 5.76 microm) and Ti-6Al-4V covered with alumina (average roughness = 5.21 microm) as rough substrates. Mechanical strains were applied for 15 min, three times a day for 1-5 days with a 600 microstrains magnitude and a 0.25 Hz frequency. IMS stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity by 25-35% on all substrates and had no effect on cell growth on either substrate. Fibronectin (FN) was chosen as representative of cell-matrix interaction. FN production was increased by 60% after 1 day of stretching only on alumina-coated discs. FN organization examined on smooth substrates was affected by 5 days of IMS, showing a thickening of the fibres. The same modifications induced by IMS were previously observed on alumina-covered discs. Vinculin expression was not affected by IMS whatever the substrate. Cell-cell interactions were determined by N-cadherin immunoblotting. N-cadherin expression was increased by IMS specifically on rough substrates. Our results suggest that the nature of the surface did not influence the up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity induced by IMS, but modulates specifically cell-substrate as well as cell-cell interactions in response to IMS. 相似文献
25.
Screening of SLC26A4 (PDS) gene in Pendred's syndrome: a large spectrum of mutations in France and phenotypic heterogeneity 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Blons H Feldmann D Duval V Messaz O Denoyelle F Loundon N Sergout-Allaoui A Houang M Duriez F Lacombe D Delobel B Leman J Catros H Journel H Drouin-Garraud V Obstoy MF Toutain A Oden S Toublanc JE Couderc R Petit C Garabédian EN Marlin S 《Clinical genetics》2004,66(4):333-340
Sensorineural hearing defect and goiter are common features of Pendred's syndrome. The clinical diagnosis of Pendred's syndrome remains difficult because of the lack of sensitivity and specificity of the thyroid signs. The identification of PDS as the causative gene allowed molecular screening and enabled a re-evaluation of the syndrome to identify potential diagnostic characteristics. This report presents the clinical and genotypic findings of 30 French families, for whom a diagnosis of Pendred's syndrome had been made. Twenty-seven families had at least one mutated allele. Twenty-eight different mutations were identified, 11 of which had never been previously reported. The main clinical characteristics were: early hearing loss, fluctuation in terms of during deafness evolution, and the presence of an enlarged vestibular aqueduct. 相似文献
26.
Lambert I.B.; Carroll C.; Laycock N.; Duval L.; Whiteway J.; Lawford I.; Turner G.; Booth R.; Douville S.; Nokhbeh M.R. 《Mutagenesis》1998,13(1):9-18
We have examined the mutational specificity of 1-nitroso-6-nitropyrene(1,6-NONP), an activated metabolite of the carcinogen 1,6-dinitropyrene,in the lacI gene of Escherichia coli strains which are deficientin nucleotide excision repair (strain NR6113, 相似文献
27.
Duval H Jouan H Loeuillet L Azzis O Vongsavanthong S Coindre JM 《Annales de pathologie》2003,23(2):169-172
Solitary intestinal fibromatosis (SIF) is rare. Only 16 cases have been described in the new-born and infancy. We describe a new case of SIF with an unusual presentation including abnormal antenatal echographic findings. SIF was diagnosed at 2 months age when the child developed an intestinal obstruction. Differential diagnosis and review of literature are discussed. This lesion has an excellent prognosis when it is completely excised. 相似文献
28.
29.
Dougherty Sean Lorenzoni Luca Marino Alberto Murtin Fabrice 《The European journal of health economics》2022,23(4):705-715
The European Journal of Health Economics - This paper examines the role of institutions—notably the degree of administrative decentralisation across levels of government—in health care... 相似文献
30.
Conclusion L'articulation temporo-mandibulaire située à la frontière du neurocrâne et du viscérocrâne présente une anatomie fonctionnelle qui ne peut être comprise dans le seul cadre d'un système bicondylien. Malgré les progrès anatomiques et chirurgicaux, son approche sémiologique reste encore obscure. Il semble logique de considérer ainsi l'ensemble fonctionnel centré sur le ménisque articulaire: premièrement un appareil suspenseur du ménisque (capsule et freins) et deuxièmement des haubans actifs (chefs ménisco-musculaires) qui guident le ménisque dans ses déplacements au cours de mouvements de l'ATM.Par ce travail, nous avons voulu montrer l'importance des m. manducateurs dans la dynamique de l'ATM, ce qui incite de plus en plus à un traitement occlusal et kinésiologique des troubles articulaires. 相似文献