MR imaging of the scrotum: normal anatomy

High-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with a surface coil was utilized to evaluate the normal scrotum. Scrotal contents, spermatic canal, and inguinal regions were visualized within the same field of view. Differences in signal intensity in the testis, epididymis, tunica albuginea, fluid, fat, and spermatic cord allowed for clear delineation of these structures in detail. The high contrast and spatial resolution of MR imaging, coupled with the wide field of view and absence of ionizing radiation, make MR imaging well suited for evaluation of the scrotum.     

N-(6,6-二甲基-2-庚烯-4-炔基)-N-甲基-α-取代-1-(4-取代)萘甲胺类的合成及抗真菌活性

根据氮唑类和烯丙胺类抗真菌化合物的构效关系、作用机理。设计合成了30个N-(6,6-二甲基-2-庚烯-4-炔基)-N-甲基-α-取代-1-(4-取代)萘甲胺类化合物。初步体外抑菌试验结果表明,大多数目标化合物对八种试验菌株都有不同程度的抗真菌活性。化合物Ⅰ_1a的真菌活性大致与克霉唑相当,对白念珠菌的活性明显高于naftifine和terbinafine,但对其它七种菌株的活性均不及naftifine和terbinafine;化合物Ⅲ_1a对八种试验菌株的活性均与terbinafine相当。     

Causes of jaundice during hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy

Jaundice develops in many patients with liver metastases from colorectal adenocarcinoma during hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). The usual cause is thought to be hepatotoxicity from the chemotherapeutic agent or biliary obstruction from progressive neoplastic disease. The authors evaluated the abdominal computed tomography and ultrasound examinations performed on 49 patients who were jaundiced during long-term HAIC. In only one patient was diffuse intrahepatic biliary dilatation caused by an obstructing mass in the porta. Two patients had metastatic hepatic lesions causing focal biliary obstruction. Intrahepatic dilatation without an obstructing mass occurred in 20 patients. Percutaneous or endoscopic cholangiograms were commonly interpreted prospectively as showing extrinsic compression by metastases, but no mass was confirmed on imaging studies. Seven patients had focal intrahepatic ductal dilatation from stricture without an associated mass. The remaining 19 patients had normal-caliber ducts; their jaundice was caused by chemical hepatitis. This series suggests that the most common causes of jaundice in these patients are chemical hepatitis and common bile duct stricture, complications of intraarterial chemotherapy, rather than neoplastic obstruction. Stricture formation may be confused with extrinsic compression on direct cholangiograms.     

Zum Vorschlag des Erlasses einer Richtlinie über die Ausübung der Patientenrechte in der grenzüberschreitenden Gesundheitsversorgung – Was ist neu?

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

The role of 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) in diagnosis of ovarian cancer

We evaluated the clinical significance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET to detect malignant ovarian neoplasms and tumor spread. 40 patients (median age: 57.5 years) underwent laparotomy because of clinical suspicion of malignant ovarian tumors or recurrent disease. The results of the preoperatively performed PET were correlated with the postoperative histologic diagnosis and the intraoperatively assessed tumor spread. In 10 of 40 patients benign tumors were found, among which a tubo-ovarian abscess was the only one diagnosed as false positive. 4/30 malignant neoplasms did not originate from the coelomic epithelium, but all were correctly recognized as malignant tumors by PET, as was recurrent ovarian cancer in 12 patients. Out of 14 primary ovarian carcinomas, 2 borderline tumors and 1 well-differentiated adenocarcinoma FIGO stage I were not correctly identified. Considering the tumor type, sensitivity, and specificity were 90%, calculating for the positive and negative predictive value 96% and 75%, respectively, and 90% for the diagnostic accuracy. Those statistical parameters were slightly lower for PET detection of lymph node metastasis and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Although its diagnostic accuracy may vary depending on the clinical application, ¹⁸F-FDG PET is basically a suitable method for detecting ovarian malignancies, particularly in patients with relapsed ovarian carcinoma.