Preparation of N/O co-doped porous carbon by a one-step activation method for supercapacitor electrode materials

Heteroatom-doped carbon materials used in supercapacitors are low in cost and demonstrate extraordinary performance. Here, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) with intrinsic N and O elements is selected as a raw material for the preparation of heteroatom self-doped porous carbon. Furthermore, N/O self-doped porous carbon with a large surface area has been successfully prepared using K₂CO₃ as the activator. The derived sample with a 1 : 2 molar ratio of EDTA to K₂CO₃ (EK-2) demonstrates a porous structure, rich defects, a large surface area of 2057 m² g⁻¹ and a micropore volume of 0.25 cm³ g⁻¹. Benefiting from high N content (2.89 at%) and O content (10.75 at%), EK-2 exhibits superior performance, including high capacitance of 325 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ and outstanding cycling stability with 96.8% retention after 8000 cycles at 10 A g⁻¹, which strongly confirms its immense potential toward many applications. Additionally, the maximum energy density of EK-2 reaches was 17.01 W h kg⁻¹ at a power density of 350 W kg⁻¹ in a two-electrode system. This facile and versatile strategy provides a scalable approach for the batch synthesis of N/O co-doped carbonaceous electrode materials for energy storage.

Heteroatom-doped carbon materials used in supercapacitors are low in cost and demonstrate extraordinary performance.     

Development and Primary Application of an Indirect ELISA Based on Rep Protein to Analyze Antibodies against Porcine Cocirvirus-like Virus (PCLV)

Porcine circovirus-like virus (PCLV) is a member of circovirus that contains a single-strand DNA genome, which may be one of the pathogens that causes diarrheal symptoms in pigs. The Rep protein encoded by the genome of PCLV may be responsible for viral genome replication. The development of serological detection methods for PCLV is of great necessity for clinical diagnosis, as well as epidemiological investigations. Therefore, this study attempted to build an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine antibodies against PCLV based on the His-tagged recombinant Rep protein. Full-length PCLV Rep protein was induced and expressed in E. coli and was purified as an antigen to establish an ELISA detection kit. The purified Rep protein was used to inject into mice to produce specific antibodies. There was no cross-reaction of Rep-based ELISA with antisera against other porcine viruses. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient variations (CVs) were 0.644–8.211% and 0.859–7.246%, respectively, indicating good repeatability. The non-cross-reaction with TGEV, PRRSV and PCV2 testing showed high sensitivity and high specificity for this ELISA assay. A total of 1593 serum samples collected from different pig farms in Jiangxi Province were tested for anti-PCLV Rep antibodies, and 284 (17.83%) of the 1593 samples were Rep antibody positive. Altogether, the indirect ELISA detection tool developed in this study could be applied to examine serum of PCLV antibodies with good repeatability, high sensitivity and high specificity. In addition, field sample detection results suggested that the PCLV antibody has a low prevalence in pig populations in Jiangxi Province of China.     

固位形及粘结剂种类对楔状缺损树脂修复的影响

目的 比较修复楔状缺损时制备固位形及不同粘结剂对临床疗效的影响.方法 选择口内至少4颗楔状缺损的患者89例,609颗患牙,同一患者分别采用四种方法修复患牙(固位形+两步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统Clearfil SE Bond;固位形+一步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统iBond;无固位形+两步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统Clearfil SE Bond;无固位形+一步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统iBond),采用自身对照的方法进行为期1年的临床观察.结果 固位形组的成功率明显高于无固位形组,两者差异有统计学意义;无固位形组中两步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统Clearfil SE Bond组的成功率高于一步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统iBond组,两者差异有统计学意义,但二者在边缘密闭性和术后敏感方面差异没有统计学意义.结论 修复楔状缺损时,制备固位形有助于提高疗效;两步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统Clearfil SE Bond较一步法自酸蚀牙本质粘结系统iBond具有更高的粘结强度.     

Preparation and characterisation of the colistin-entrapped liposome driven by electrostatic interaction for intravenous administration

Potential use of liposome for polycationic colistin is hindered by their phospholipid membrane permeability. In this study, liposomes were modified with sodium cholesteryl sulphate (Chol-SO₄^?) for improving the colistin loading by enhancing the colistin-bilayer electrostatic attraction. We have evaluated two liposomes: colistin-entrapped liposome of Chol-SO₄^? (CCL) and coated Chol-SO₄^?/colistin complex liposome (CCCL). In comparison with CCL which formed large aggregates at Chol-SO₄^?/colistin charge ratio below 2:1, CCCL showed a smaller size less dependent on the charge ratio, probably arising from more colistin entrapped on the inner leaflet of bilayer. Both liposomes exhibited significantly increased entrapment efficiency as compared with the liposome without Chol-SO4^?. But colistin released upon dilution, implying free transfer of colistin through bilayers. Pharmacokinetics results showed the approximately four-fold increase in the plasma AUC_0–8?h for CCCL and CCL as compared with colistin solution, showing potential benefit for infectious target localisation by prolonging the systemic circulation of colistin.     

多囊卵巢综合征患者口服炔雌醇环丙孕酮片致过敏反应

摘 要 目的：探讨临床药师在多囊卵巢综合征患者口服炔雌醇环丙孕酮片抗雄激素治疗中出现过敏反应的处理方法及药学监护。方法: 临床药师通过综合分析患者过敏史及用药史,结合患者用药时间和不良反应的发生时间,判断所用药物与过敏反应的相关性,并对其后续治疗替代药物提出用药建议。结果: 最终判定炔雌醇环丙孕酮片与此次不良反应的关联性评价为很可能,其中两种成分炔雌醇和醋酸环丙孕酮都不能排除为此次过敏反应的发生原因,建议选用屈螺酮炔雌醇片或含天然雌激素成分的口服避孕药进行后续替代治疗。结论:临床药师针对药物致过敏反应展开的病例分析及药学监护,有助于促进多囊卵巢综合征患者的个体化治疗,在保证用药安全,提高患者依从性方面发挥重要作用。     

钙激活中性蛋白酶抑制剂对E2诱导的乳腺癌细胞增殖效应的影响及其意义

目的观察钙激活中性蛋白酶（calcium-activated neutral protease,CANP）抑制剂对雌二醇（estradiol,E2）诱导的乳腺癌细胞增殖效应的影响,为探索乳腺癌治疗新药靶提供理论依据。方法以人乳腺肿瘤细胞系MCF-7为模型细胞,RPM1-1640培养,E2处理;MTT法分析细胞增殖,观察E2诱导乳腺癌细胞增殖;CANP特异性抑制剂calpeptin（CAL）或E2受体选择性调节剂他莫西芬（Tamoxifen,TAM）预处理模型细胞,观察CAL或TAM对E2诱导的肿瘤细胞增殖效应的影响及其差异。结果（1）E2诱导MCF-7细胞增殖呈时间和剂量依赖性。E2发挥最大作用的浓度为10^-8mol／L,最佳作用时间为24h,增殖率达18．6％（P〈0．01）;（2）TAM能显著抑制E2诱导的细胞增殖,浓度为10^-6mol／L时抑制效能最佳,抑制率达28．63％（P〈0．01）;（3）CAL也可明显抑制E2的细胞增殖效应,在CAL为10^-5mol／L时抑制率最高,达26．34％（P〈0．01）。比较CAL与TAM的细胞增抑制殖效能未见显著性差异。结论cANP抑制剂能有效抑制E2诱导的乳腺癌细胞增殖活动,因而以CANP作为乳腺癌治疗的候选药靶可能具有潜在的应用前景。     

尼莫地平缓释胶囊相对生物利用度的研究

12例健康志愿者随机交叉口服进口尼莫地平普通片和尼莫地平缓释胶囊60mg后, 利用高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度并对其生物利用度进行了研究.尼莫地平缓释胶囊和进口片的T1/2分别为3.74±0.84 h和1.98 ± 0.59 h;Cmax分别为25.41±9.32mg·L-1和80.08±16.65 mg·L-1; Tmax分别为3.25±0.97 h和0.75±0.21 h; AUC分别为167.4±27.3 mg·h·L-1和 194.7 ± 29.7mg·h·L-1;缓释胶囊的相对生物利用度为87.07%±9. 19%.8 例健康志愿者随机交叉多剂量口服尼莫地平缓释胶囊(60 mg,bid) 和尼莫地平普通片(30 mg,qid),达稳态时测得峰浓度分别为25.81±7.12 mg·L-1 和 41.21±10.04 mg·L-1; 谷浓度分别为7.19±1.84 mg·L-1和5.59 ± 1. 62 mg·L-1;两者血药浓度的波动系数分别为1.12±0.16和1.51±0.17.     

A Coupled CFD-DEM Study on the Effect of Basset Force Aimed at the Motion of a Single Bubble

The physical meaning of Basset force is first studied via polynomial approximation and the Fourier series representation method. After compiling the Basset force into the coupling interface with Visual C, a dynamic mathematical model is set up to describe the upward motion behavior of a single bubble by adopting the CFD-DEM method. Afterwards, the coupling interface with Basset force proposed in this study is verified experimentally and shows very good agreements. The initial velocity, releasing depth, bubble size, density ratio and viscosity ratio are studied qualitatively due to their great importance to Basset force. The ratio of Basset force to the sum of Basset force and drag force and to buoyancy, F→Ba/(F→D+F→Ba) and |F→Ba/F→B|, are employed to quantify the contribution of Basset force quantitatively. In addition, some instructive outlooks and recommendations on a further development of appropriate and justifiable use of Basset force are highlighted at last.     

甲状腺素对豚鼠耳蜗毛细胞的保护作用

应用耳蜗外淋巴灌流技术、微电极技术及扫描、透射电镜技术，观察先服甲状腺素（10mg)三次后行外淋巴灌流卡那霉素（10^-3g/ml)1小时的豚鼠实验组（T／K）蜗内电位（EP），耳蜗微音电位（CM）和毛细胞的亚微结构变化，并与单纯灌流卡那霉素（10^-3g/ml)的豚鼠对照组（KM）进行比较，发现3组动物EP无明显差异；实验组（T／K）的CM下降较对照组（KM）少，两者有显著差异；实验组动物外毛细胞损伤较对照组动物轻，提示甲状腺素可能直接作用于听毛细胞，减轻卡那霉素对内耳的毒副作用。     

利尿酸与庆大霉素耳毒作用协同影响的实验研究

通过给72只豚鼠分别单独注射利尿酸（EA)、庆大霉素（GM）和合并注射EA、GM后，观察三组豚鼠前庭功能、听力改变、血清和外淋巴中庆大霉素浓度以及内耳显微和亚显微结构的改变，发现合并使用利尿酸和庆大霉素可以加重庆大霉素耳中毒，其可能原因为利尿酸增加了庆大霉素在外淋巴中的蓄积。