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81.
Bart D. Maes Wim Lemahieu Dirk Kuypers Pieter Evenepoel Willy Coosemans Jacques Pirenne Yves F. CH. Vanrenterghem 《American journal of transplantation》2002,2(10):989-992
Diarrhea is the most frequently reported adverse event in patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil. Twenty-six renal transplant patients on a mycophenolate mofetil-based immunosuppressive regime with persistent afebrile diarrhea were examined. Diarrhea caused a significant rise in FK-506 trough levels despite intake of stable doses, necessitating FK-506 dose reductions of 30% to obtain pre-diarrhea trough levels. In contrast, trough levels of cyclosporine A remained stable without dose adjustments. This suggests that absorption and/or metabolism is differentially altered for FK506 compared with cyclosporine A in patients with diarrhea. In nine patients mycophenolate mofetil was reduced or stopped because of persistent diarrhea without identifiable cause. This resulted in end-stage renal disease because of chronic rejection in two patients, and in acute rejection in two patients, all taking FK506 and steroids. Therefore, dose adjustments of FK506 in patients with diarrhea must be carefully monitored, especially when doses of mycophenolate mofetil are also reduced. 相似文献
82.
83.
门诊老年冠心病患者用药知识需求的调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
冠心病是老年人的常见病、多发病,致残或死亡率已居常见病之首[1]。目前,药物治疗仍是冠心病二级预防的主要措施。近年来研究发现,83·3%的冠心病患者无法正确使用药物,用药依从性差[2]。分析原因,87%的门诊老年慢性病患者包括冠心病患者在内,主观不遵医用药是由于在用药过程中出现诸多用药问题时得不到相关知识信息支持所导致[3]。另外,通过调查证实冠心病患者对用药知识的需求亦居前列,尤其是出院后用药知识是首要需求[2,4-6]。由此表明,对门诊老年冠心病患者进行用药知识教育十分必要。依据健康教育学方法,分析患者的教育需求是制定教育… 相似文献
84.
85.
呼出气氢测定试验对飞行人员乳糖酶缺乏症的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对66名汉族飞行人员进行乳糖呼出气氢测定试验,乳糖吸收不良的发生率为83.3%,其中乳糖不耐受者占34.6%;与一般汉族人群无明显差别。对10名确定为中度以上乳糖吸收不良的飞行人员进行250ml鲜牛奶的试验结果,有50%呼出气氢含量在正常范围,并无一例出现胃肠道症状。提示较长期食用牛奶未能使乳糖酶缺乏状态发生改变,但每日食用适量牛奶属合理营养。 相似文献
86.
87.
Genetic imbalances in pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma detected by comparative genomic hybridization and literature review. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Xiao-Lu Yin Angela Bik-Yu Hui Eleanore C Liong Min Ding Alex R Chang Ho-Keung Ng 《Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics》2002,132(1):14-19
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare, low-grade astrocytic tumor found in the central nervous system. Histologically, the tumor is characterized by markedly pleomorphic and lipidized cells. Although most of the patients have a favorable prognosis, a small number of cases undergoing recurrence or progression to anaplastic astrocytoma were reported. Very few genetic studies have been performed on PXA because of its rarity and the pathogenesis of this neoplasm is largely unknown. In order to provide an overview of genetic alterations in PXA, we performed comparative genomic hybridization to identify chromosomal imbalances (DNA gains and losses) in three cases of PXA. Genetic imbalance was detected on at least one chromosome for each case. One case, which revealed multiple genetic alterations, showed a poor prognosis. DNA gain on chromosome 7 and loss on 8p were demonstrated in two of three cases, suggesting that the candidate gene(s) located on these regions may play a role in the development of PXA. Further studies are needed to identify the residing candidate genes that are involved in the tumorigenesis of PXA. In addition, the histopathological features and previous genetic studies on PXA are reviewed. 相似文献
88.
对12例经病理学专家会诊、从病变上认定的淋巴结“结节病”石蜡包埋组织,应用结核杆菌DNA特异性序列片段的聚合酶链反应(M.TB-PCR)技术、BCG免疫组化(BCG-IHC)技术和抗酸染色(AF)进行了分支杆菌/结核杆菌检测。在这12例考虑为“结节病”的病例中:有1例呈BCG-IHC和M。TB-PCR两项阳性;另1例呈AF、BCG-IHC和M.TB-PCR三项阳性。研究结果提示:(1)某些结核性淋巴结炎可呈结节病样病变;(2)淋巴结结节病很可能与分支杆菌/结核杆菌感染有关。 相似文献
89.
Androgen receptor YAC transgenic mice carrying CAG 45 alleles show trinucleotide repeat instability 总被引:1,自引:15,他引:1
La Spada AR; Peterson KR; Meadows SA; McClain ME; Jeng G; Chmelar RS; Haugen HA; Chen K; Singer MJ; Moore D; Trask BJ; Fischbeck KH; Clegg CH; McKnight GS 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(6):959-967
X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is caused by a CAG
repeat expansion in the first exon of the androgen receptor (AR) gene.
Disease-associated alleles (37-66 CAGs) change in length when transmitted
from parents to offspring, with a significantly greater tendency to shift
size when inherited paternally. As transgenic mice carrying human AR cDNAs
with 45 and 66 CAG repeats do not display repeat instability, we attempted
to model trinucleotide repeat instability by generating transgenic mice
with yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) carrying AR CAG repeat expansions
in their genomic context. Studies of independent lines of AR YAC transgenic
mice with CAG 45 alleles reveal intergenerational instability at an overall
rate of approximately 10%. We also find that the 45 CAG repeat tracts are
significantly more unstable with maternal transmission and as the
transmitting mother ages. Of all the CAG/CTG repeat transgenic mice
produced to date the AR YAC CAG 45 mice are unstable with the smallest
trinucleotide repeat mutations, suggesting that the length threshold for
repeat instability in the mouse may be lowered by including the appropriate
flanking human DNA sequences. By sequence-tagged site content analysis and
long range mapping we determined that one unstable transgenic line has
integrated an approximately 70 kb segment of the AR locus due to
fragmentation of the AR YAC. Identification of the cis - acting elements
that permit CAG tract instability and the trans -acting factors that
modulate repeat instability in the AR YAC CAG 45 mice may provide insights
into the molecular basis of trinucleotide repeat instability in humans.
相似文献