头皮糠疹与巯氧吡啶锌

头皮糠疹是常见病是多发病,临床表现为头皮红斑和脱屑,提示皮损部位表皮结构和功能异常,头皮角质层代谢紊乱,最近对头皮糠疹病因和病理的研究证实马拉色菌,皮脂分泌和个体敏感性是形成上述皮损的3个关键因素,硫氧吡啶锌（PTZ或ZPT）可以有效地杀灭马拉色菌,PTZ的颗粒大小和形状对其在头皮的生物利用度有明显的影响。此外,PTZ的抗菌效果有赖于其分子结构的完整性,在外用制剂中加入附加的游离锌,可以有效防止PTZ解离,从而提高其疗效。     

Child Health and Pediatric Education in Oklahoma

The University of Oklahoma Medical Center has a comprehensive program of pediatric training, research and patient care. Establishment of the Oklahoma Health Center and its Children's Medical Center on the University campus will provide expanded opportunities for training and research in cooperation with other organizations concerned with child health and development.     

TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF PARTIALLY OBSTRUCTED EJACULATORY DUCTS: SEMINAL PARAMETERS AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES ACCORDING TO THE ETIOLOGY OF OBSTRUCTION

Purpose

We determine how transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts performed for infertility affects seminal parameters and pregnancy outcomes in patients with partial ejaculatory duct obstruction due to a congenital or acquired etiological factor.

Materials and Methods

Based on history and physical examination, hormonal profiles, semen analyses, transrectal ultrasonography and vasography findings partial ejaculatory duct obstruction was diagnosed in 14 men a mean of 30 years old who presented for infertility evaluation. Patients were grouped according to congenital or acquired cause of obstruction. Transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts was performed using the standard resectoscope loop technique. Clinical outcome was assessed by postoperative analyses of seminal parameters and pregnancy reports.

Results

Transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts significantly improved semen quality (ejaculate volume and percentage of sperm motility) in all patients in the congenital group, while all but 1 (83%) had an improved sperm count. Pregnancy was achieved via sexual intercourse by 66% of the patients an average of 5.7 months postoperatively. Of the acquired etiological factor group 37.5% had improved semen quality after transurethral resection of ejaculatory duct and 12.5% achieved pregnancy via sexual intercourse. Postoperative complications occurred at a similar rate in each group (33%). However, complications in the congenital etiology group were minor, while 25% of the men in the acquired group had significant impairment of seminal parameters after transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts.

Conclusions

Semen quality improvement and pregnancy outcome after transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts for partial ejaculatory duct obstruction differ significantly according to the main etiological cause of obstruction. An equivocal diagnosis of partial obstruction and technical problems during transurethral resection of the ejaculatory ducts may contribute to failure. However, in some cases the reason for failure remains unclear.     

无支架异种生物瓣膜主动脉瓣替换术后左室功能变化

评价无支架异种生物瓣膜主动脉瓣替换术后２年左室功能的变化。将８０例同期施行主动脉瓣替换病人分为２组，５０例（年龄６９．３±９．３岁）应用ＴｏｒｏｎｔｏＳＰＶＴＭ瓣；３０例（年龄７１．６±７．７岁）作为对照组接受支架人工瓣膜替换。术前、术后１、６、１２及２４个月间记录Ｍ型及Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声心动图，采用计算机图像数字分析，定量测定左室功能的变化。随访期间，Ｔｏｒｏｎｔｏ组主动脉瓣跨瓣压差为０．８±０．６ｋＰａ（６．０±４．５ｍｍＨｇ），明显低于对照组２．３±０．９ｋＰａ（１７．３±６．８ｍｍＨｇ）；术后１个月，左室心肌质量下降２５％，左室＋Ｖｃｆ及－Ｖｃｆ明显增加（２．０±０．８／１．４±０．３ｓ－１，Ｐ＜０．０１；２．８±１．２／１．８±０．７ｓ－１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。术后６个月，左室功能进一步改善，心室肥厚的消退更趋完全，该变化在其后的随访期间保持稳定。结论：与支架瓣膜相比，无支架异种生物瓣膜具有较大瓣口开放面积及低跨瓣压差，这促进了术后左室功能的恢复及病理性肥厚的逆转